Objective: To understand the current status, international cooperation, research hotspots, and development trends of nutritional studies on patients with head and neck cancer from 2014 to 2024, and to predict future research trends. Methods: The Web of Science Core Collection database was searched to retrieve nutritional studies on patients with head and neck cancer from January 2014 to March 2024. The type of studies were “articles,” the language was English, CiteSpace 6.1 R6 software was used to conduct the bibliometric analysis, and the results were visualized to form a scientific knowledge map. Results: A total of 1 528 documents were retrieved, with a linear increase in the number of annual publications. The country with the highest number of publications was the United States, and the institution with the highest number of publications was the University of Queensland, with closer collaboration between authors and institutions. The most frequently cited publication was a set of nutrition guidelines, and the highest-impact articles were mainly concerned with performing percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy. Keyword analysis showed that quality of life, radiotherapy, and weight loss were the keywords of highest interest. The keyword cluster analysis resulted in 17 clusters, which were divided into five main categories: head and neck cancer, treatment, outcome results, intervention modalities, and rehabilitation. Body composition, enteral nutrition, and accelerated postoperative rehabilitation were persistent research hotspots. Keyword highlighting revealed that “enhanced recovery after surgery” has been the focus of research in the last two years, with “index” and “model” emerging as theme words. Conclusion The number of publications in the literature related to nutrition for patients with head and neck cancer has increased annually over the past 10 years. The research hotspots mainly focus on the quality of life and weight loss during radiotherapy, the content and application prospect of body composition assessment, different modes of nutritional support interventions and enteral nutritional tube feeding routes, and perioperative nutritional management in enhanced recovery after surgery. The potential clinical value of preoperative nutritional intervention under the concept of enhanced recovery and the construction of new types of nutritional index are the trends of future research.

Objective To establish a genetic monitoring method for laboratory quails.Methods Quail microsatellite loci were searched in the literature,and microsatellite DNA loci suitable for quails were screened by an interspecific transfer method in closely related species,namely chickens and ducks.Quail liver DNA was extracted as a template,and the corresponding loci were screened by PCR amplification and agarose gel electrophoresis.On the basis of amplification of the selected microsatellite loci,the number of alleles,polymorphisms,and microsatellite loci combinations for quail genetic quality detection were selected and detection method were developed.Results We preliminary determined 23 microsatellite loci for genetic monitoring of closed-colony laboratory quails.Conclusions A genetic monitoring method for laboratory quails was preliminary developed.

Objective To systematically evaluate the risk factors for new-onset atrial fibrillation after off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting (OPCABG). Methods PubMed, EMbase, The Cochrane Library, CNKI, Wanfang, VIP, SinoMed were searched to collect published literature on risk factors for new-onset atrial fibrillation after OPCABG from inception to September 2022. Two authors independently screened, extracted data and evaluated the quality. The Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) was used to evaluate the quality of the included studies, and Stata 12.0 and RevMan 5.4 softwares were used for meta-analysis. Results A total of 18 researches were included, including 6 354 patients of OPCABG. The NOS scores of the included studies were 6-8 points. Meta-analysis showed that age [MD=2.56, 95%CI (1.61, 3.52), P<0.001], hypertension [OR=1.77, 95%CI (1.18, 2.66), P<0.001], EuroSCORE Ⅱ score [MD=0.70, 95%CI (0.34, 1.06), P<0.001], frequent atrial premature beats or atrial tachycardia [OR=3.77, 95%CI (2.13, 6.68), P<0.001], left atrium diameter (LAD) [MD=1.64, 95%CI (0.26, 3.03), P=0.010], left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) [MD=−1.84, 95%CI (−2.85, −0.83), P<0.001], right coronary stenosis [OR=2.49, 95%CI (1.29, 4.81), P=0.006], three-vessel coronary artery lesions [OR=0.73, 95%CI (0.54, 0.97), P=0.030], not using β blockers [OR=0.81, 95%CI (0.69, 0.96), P=0.010], operation time [MD=10.13, 95%CI (8.15, 12.10), P<0.001], duration of mechanical ventilation [OR=2.85, 95%CI (1.79, 3.91), P<0.001] were risk factors for new-onset atrial fibrillation after OPCABG. Conclusion Advanced age, hypertension, high EuroSCOREⅡ score, frequent atrial premature beats or atrial tachycardia, increased LAD, decreased LVEF, right coronary stenosis, three-vessel coronary artery lesions, not using β blockers, prolonged operation time and mechanical ventilation are risk factors for new-onset atrial fibrillation after OPCABG. Due to factors such as the methodology, content and quality of the included literature, the conclusion of this study need to be supported by more high-quality studies.

Circadian rhythm disorders are closely related to metabolic diseases， which can cause non-alcoholic fatty liver disease （NAFLD） by directly acting on the liver or indirectly affecting the liver through the liver-brain axis and intestinal flora. The rhythms of yin and yang， ying （营） and wei （卫）， twelve hours and four seasons in traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） chronomedicine are similar to the connotations of modern biological rhythms. From the perspective of chronomedicine of TCM， the incidence of NAFLD is closely related to the abnormality of the daily rhythm of the waxing and waning of yin and yang， the daily rhythm of the circulation of ying and wei， the rhythm of twelve hours and four seasons. Through analyzing the rhythms related to the occurrence， development and prognosis of NAFLD， it is helpful to enhance the understanding of NAFLD in relation to time， so as to better guide the clinical diagnosis and treatment.

Objective To explore the effect of a phased rehabilitation training programme to relieve shoulder dys-function in patients after neck dissection and to provide effective solutions for postoperative shoulder joint function recov-ery of patients.Methods This study has been reviewed and approved by the Ethics Committee,and informed consent has been obtained from patients.A phased rehabilitaiton training programme for the shoulder after neck dessection was developed through literature review and discussion,and 70 eligible patients from Hospital of Stomatology,Sun Yat-sen University from December 2020 to April 2021 were selected and randomly divided into the test group and control group(35 patients in each group).The control group underwent motor rehabilitation training from 6 weeks postoperative to 1 year after surgery,such as shoulder mobility and coordination training and small range of motion training of the neck,while the test group took part in a rehabilitation training program that included familiarization maneuver training,protective rehabilitation,exercise rehabilitation,and resistance training in the following four stages:preoperative,postop-erative general anesthesia and awake until the removal of stitches,the removal of stitches until 6 weeks after surgery,and 6 weeks after surgery until 1 year after surgery.The frequency of training in both groups was at least 3 days per week,and the length of each training session was 10-15 min.The intensity of exercise was 2-3 points on the Borg Conscious Ex-ercise Intensity Scale(i.e.,mild-to-moderate tachypnea or fatigue).The neck dissection injury index(NDII)was used to evaluate the quality of life related to shoulder joint function at four time points:preoperative,postoperative 3 months,postoperative 6 months,and postoperative 12 months.The higher the score,the better the quality of life.Results 28 cases in the test group and 32 cases in the control group completed a one-year follow-up.At 3 and 6 months postopera-tive,the NDII of the test group was significantly higher than that of the control group[3 months postoperative:test group(93.48±9.36)vs.control group(80.00±11.34)(P＜0.001),6 months postoperative:test group(98.21±4.76)vs.control group(90.70±9.12)(P＜0.001)];12 months after surgery,the NDII of the test group(97.23±4.88)was still higher than that of the control group(96.33±4.49),but the difference was not statistically significant(P=0.458).The difference in NDII scores among subjects at 3,6,and 12 months after surgery was statistically significant in each group(P＜0.001).Conclusion The application of the phased rehabilitation training method in neck dissection patients has a feasibility and could improve the quality of life of patients'shoulder joint function within 6 months after surgery.

Objective To investigate the effect of Yes-associated protein(YAP)on intervertebral disc nucleus pulposus cells and its possible mechanism.Methods The relatively normal and degenerative intervertebral disc tissues of patients who underwent lumbar surgery in our hospital from March 2021 to July 2022 were harvested,and then the expression of YAP in the tissues were detected by immunohistochemistry assay and Western blotting.Human primary nucleus pulposus cells were isolated and primarily cultured,and treated with IL-1β to induce degeneration.Then the cells was divided into control group,IL-1β group,IL-1β+LV-YAP group,IL-1β+YAP-siRNA group,and IL-1β+LV-YAP+3-MA group.Western blot analysis was used to detect the expression of the proteins related to extracellular matrix catabolism and autophagy in each group.Finally,a rat model of disc degeneration was established,and the expression of YAP and LC3 and disc degeneration were observed with MRI,Alcian blue staining and immunohistochemistry.Results The expression level of YAP was significantly lower in the degraded disc tissues than the relatively normal disc tissues(P＜0.05).The IL-1β+LV-YAP group had significantly increased protein levels of Collagen Ⅱ,Aggrecan,and LC3-11(P＜0.05),and decreased levels of MMP-3 and MMP-13(P＜0.05)when compared with the cells after IL-1β treatment,whereas the IL-1β+YAP-siRNA group showed the exact opposite effects.What's more,pretreatment with autophagy inhibitor 3-MA resulted in decreased number of GFP-LC3 positive particles and protein levels of Collagen Ⅱ,Aggrecan and LC3-Ⅱ(P＜0.05),and increased protein expression of MMP-3 and MMP-13(P＜0.05)in comparison with the conditions in the IL-1β+LV-YAP group.Furthermore,YAP overexpression promoted LC3 expression and inhibited disc degeneration in rat model of disc degeneration.Conclusion YAP overexpression can inhibit extracellular matrix degradation by promoting autophagy in human nucleus pulposus cells and thus delaying disc degeneration.

OBJECTIVE To explore the anti-liver fibrosis effect and mechanism of Atractylenolide Ⅲ-induced hepatic stellate cell(HSC)senescence.METHODS ASCT2 siRNA and Atractylenolide Ⅲ(40 μmol·L-1)acted on human hepatic stellate cells LX2 respectively to inhibit ASCT2,MTT was used to evaluate cell viability,EdU method was used to detect cell proliferation,and se-nescence associated-β-galactosidase(SA-β-Gal)staining was used to detect cell senescence;Western blot was used to detect chan-ges in the LC3-Ⅱ/Ⅰ ratio in LX2 cells,laser confocal detection was used to detect changes in LC3 autophagy flow and error protein accumulation,and the fluorescence of the lysosomal marker LAMP1 was also observed to detect lysosomal function and quantity;kits were applied to detect ROS and MDA levels as well as SOD activity in LX2 cells,and flow cytometry was used to analyze mitochondrial ROS levels and membrane potential.A CCl4-induced mouse liver fibrosis model was constructed.Atractylenolide Ⅲ was administered at 20,30,or 40 mg·kg-1.HE,Masson,and Sirius Red staining were used to observe liver tissue damage and collagen deposition.Western blot was used to detect the expression levels of P21 and P16 in mice in each group,and SA-β-Gal staining and immunohistochemistry were used to analyze the situation and origin of senescent cells.RESULTS After inhibiting ASCT2,the viabil-ity of LX2 cells decreased and senescence increased(P<0.01).Meanwhile,the autophagy function was enhanced and the number of lysosomes was increased but the function was weakened.After adding chloroquine(CQ)to clear lysosomes,the cell viability and auto-phagy function increased(P<0.01).After inhibiting ASCT2,the levels of MDA and ROS in LX2 cells increased,and the activity of SOD decreased(P<0.01).Among them,the level of mitochondrial ROS increased and the membrane potential decreased(P<0.01).After adding rotenone,the cellular redox homeostasis was improved,and the number of lysosomes was restored(P<0.01).In vivo experimental results showed that compared with the model group,Atractylenolide Ⅲ improved liver tissue structural damage and collagen deposition,induced HSC senescence in liver tissue of mice with liver fibrosis,and inhibited HSC activation marker α-smooth muscle actin(α-SMA),promoted the expression of senescence indicators P16 and P21(P<0.01).CONCLUSION Atractylenol-ide Ⅲ induces an increase in mitochondrial ROS and a decrease in membrane potential by inhibiting ASCT2,which further promotes the enhancement of HSC autophagy function,increases the number of lysosomes and weakens their function,thereby inducing the se-nescence of activated HSCs.

Membranous nephropathy(MN)is the predominant cause of primary nephrotic syn-drome(NS)among adults.The identification of PLA2R as target antigen has brought about a pro-found transformation in the management of MN,offering a basis for the utilization of B-cell deplet-ing agents such as rituximab(RTX).The question of whether early intervention targeting antibodies can effectively impede the progression of MN,contrib-uting to enhanced disease control and long-term renal outcomes for patients,remains further explo-ration.We analyzed demographic data,laboratory parameters,and renal involvement in 13 patients with PLA2R antibody-related MN who received at least one RTX treatment at our center from Octo-ber 2019 to March 2023.Early-stage medium-to-high-risk MN was defined as baseline or admission anti-PLA2R antibody levels exceeding 50 RU/mL,ex-cluding patients who already presented with ne-phrotic syndrome at baseline.The median duration of MN at the initiation of the first RTX treatment was 4.1 months(IQR 1-7.7),and the median follow-up time after RTX therapy was 27 months(IQR 23-45).All patients had commenced renin-angiotensin system inhibitors before receiving RTX.Following RTX therapy,none of the 13 patients progressed to NS during the follow-up period,and 12 patients achieved complete or partial remission at the 2-year follow-up or the last visit.No deaths,severe infections,or other serious adverse reactions oc-curred during the follow-up period.In conclusion,RTX demonstrates favorable efficacy and safety in early-stage,medium-to-high-risk MN patients.Initi-ating antibody clearance therapy in these patients may be beneficial for long-term disease control and distant renal outcomes.

With good prognosis of differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC), the 10-year survival rate of DTC patients is more than 90%. As a kind of radiation exposure, radioactive iodine (RAI) treatment has the potential to induce malignancies. Based on this view, whether RAI treatment will increase the risk of secondary primary malignancy (SPM) still has a lot of controversy. This review summarizes current situation of related researches, and also summarizes the limitations of the current researches and the problems to be solved in the future research. In this review, it is believed that RAI treatment does not increase the overall risk of SPM in postoperative-DTC patients.

Objective To analyze the clinical characteristics and prognosis of patients with coronary slow flow(CSF)or no reflow(CNR)after emergency PCI.Methods A total of 443 elderly STEMI patients who underwent emergency PCI in Department of Cardiology of the First Affilia-ted Hospital of Tsinghua University from January 2017 to August 2023 were recruited,and ac-cording to thrombolysis in myocardial infarction(TIMI)flow grading after operation,they were divided into CSF/CNR group(TIMI grade≤2 flow,n=40)and normal flow(NCF)group(TIMI grade 3 flow,n=403).Logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the risk factors for CSF/CNR in STEMI patients after PCI.The prognosis was analyzed in the two groups.Results The CSF/CNR group had advanced age,longer durations from onset to admission and from onset to balloon opening,higher mortality rate,and larger proportions of chronic heart failure(CHF),type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM),pulse rate＞100 times/min,SBP＜100 mm Hg(1 mm Hg=0.133 kPa),Killip grade＞1,left anterior descending artery disease,LVEF＜50％,and using glycopro-tein Ⅱb/Ⅲa inhibitors and intraaortic balloon counterpulsation,but lower male ratio and DBP when compared with the control group(P＜0.05,P＜0.01).Multiple logistic regression analysis revealed that T2DM(OR=1.320,95％CI:0.618-2.123,P=0.046),mean SBP(OR=1.239,95％CI:0.752-1.525,P=0.04)and SBP＜100 mm Hg(OR=1.330,95％CI:0.836-1.675,P=0.013)were independent risk factors,while male was a protective factor(OR=-1.755,95％CI:-2.338--1.171,P=0.002)for CSF/CNR in STEMI patients after PCI.Conclusion T2DM and lower SBP are independent risk factors,while male is a protective factor for CSF/CNR in STEMI patients after emergency PCI.