The chloroplast genome encodes many key proteins involved in photosynthesis and other metabolic processes, and metabolites synthesized in chloroplasts are essential for normal plant growth and development. Root-UVB (ultraviolet radiation B)-sensitive (RUS) family proteins composed of highly conserved DUF647 domain belong to chloroplast proteins. They play an important role in the regulation of various life activities such as plant morphogenesis, material transport and energy metabolism. This article summarizes the recent advances of the RUS family proteins in the growth and development of plants such as embryonic development, photomorphological construction, VB6 homeostasis, auxin transport and anther development, with the aim to facilitate further study of its molecular regulation mechanism in plant growth and development.
Female ; Pregnancy ; Humans ; Ultraviolet Rays ; Biological Transport ; Chloroplasts/genetics* ; Embryonic Development ; Plant Development/genetics*

Distant cutaneous metastasis of primary lung squamous cell carcinoma is an exceedingly rare event,with scalp metastasis as the initial clinical presentation even rarer.Scalp skin metastases are prone to be misdiagnosed as other scalp disorders,yet their appearance signifies the deterioration and poor prognosis of lung cancer.This case report documents a female patient presenting initially with scalp folliculitis in dermatology,who was subsequently diagnosed with malignant lung tumor through radiological imaging and referred to Department of Thoracic Surgery.Pathological examination of the excised lesion from the scalp revealed distant metastasis of lung cancer.A review of similar cases reported in literature was conducted.This article aims to enhance understanding and awareness of skin metastasis in lung cancer,to emphasize the importance of this condition,and to improve early recognition and precise diagnosis.It is crucial to prevent clinical misdiagnosis and ensure ap-propriate treatment,finally leading to improve the prognosis of the patients.

Objective:To investigate the intelligence status of children aged 10 - 12 in rural areas of Linxia Hui Autonomous Prefecture (referred to as Linxia) in Gansu Province.Methods:From September to November 2019, a cross-sectional study was carried out to investigate the intelligence status of children aged 10 to 12 in 8 counties (cities) of Linxia. Chinese Raven's Progressive Matrices (rural version) was used for intelligence test and children's intelligence quotient (IQ) was calculated by regular mold to evaluate children's intelligence level.Results:A total of 1 721 children in Linxia were tested for intelligence, with an average IQ of 103.2. Among them, low intelligence (≤69) accounted for 1.0% (18/1 721), borderline (70 - 79) accounted for 3.0% (52/1 721), middle and lower (80 - 89) accounted for 8.4% (144/1 721), moderate (90 - 109) accounted for 56.6% (974/1 721), middle and upper (110 - 119) accounted for 21.9% (377/1 721), excellent (120 - 129) accounted for 7.8% (135/1 721), extremely excellent (≥130) accounted for 1.2% (21/1 721). There were 635, 598 and 488 children aged 10, 11 and 12, respectively, with an average IQ of 106.1, 103.3 and 99.2. There were 919 males and 802 females, with an average IQ of 102.9 and 103.4, respectively.Conclusion:In 2019, the intelligence of children aged 10 to 12 in rural areas of Linxia has reached the moderate level.

Objective: To explore the current status of knowledge, attitudes and practices (KAP) regarding tuberculosis(TB)prevention and control among high school students, and to compare differences between male and female students, so as to provide a scientific basis for targeted TB prevention and control measures in high schools. Methods: From April to May 2024, a stratified cluster random sampling method was employed to conduct an electronic questionnaire survey among 1 912 students from 10 high schools using a compiled questionnaire on KAP towards TB prevention and control. The AMOS 26.0 software was utilized to construct structural equation modeling (SEM) and compared the difference among genders. Results: The overall awareness rate of core TB knowledge among high school students in Gongshu District was 76.62%. Additionally, core knowledge about TB (6.28±1.44), prevention attitudes (6.02±1.84), and prevention practices (6.38±2.11) scores of female students were higher than those of male students (5.96±1.74, 5.59±2.21, 6.15±2.23) ( t =4.31, 4.64, 2.25, P <0.05). The SEM showed that knowledge had a strong positive impact on practices and attitudes among boys, with total effect values of 0.963 and 0.819 , respectively; while the positive influence of attitudes on practices was relatively weak, with a total effect value of 0.186. Among girls, attitudes had a positive impact on practices and knowledge, with total effect values of 0.479 and 0.222, respectively. Conclusions The pathways and strengths of influence of KAP in the SEM of TB prevention and control differ between male and female high school students. Therefore, differentiated strategies should be implemented for TB health education targeting male and female high school students.

Objective:To evaluate the efficacy and safety of eculizumab in the treatment of paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH) in China.Methods:Data from PNH patients who received at least 3 months of full-dose eculizumab and were followed for at least 3 months between December 2022 and July 2023 were retrospectively collected. We evaluated changes in clinical and laboratory parameters after 1, 2, 3, and 6 months of eculizumab treatment. The rates of breakthrough hemolysis (BTH), extravascular hemolysis (EVH), and the occurrence of adverse reactions were also monitored.Results:The study included nine patients, six males and three females, with a median age of 54 (28–69) years. 5 of the patients had classic PNH, while 4 had PNH/AA. The number of episodes of hemoglobinuria was 5 (1–25) per month before eculizumab. 4 patients required blood transfusion, 5 had thrombosis and one had renal impairment before eculizumab. The median time to eculizumab was 6 (3–7) months and the followup period was 3 (3–6) months after treatment. The number of episodes of hemoglobinuria following eculizumab was 0 (0–1). During the followup period, no additional thrombotic events occurred. LDH at any time after eculizumab was lower than at baseline, and some patients' HGB increased. All transfused patients became transfusion-independent after receiving eculizumab. The FACIT-Fatigue score improved by an average of 17.3 points following treatment. 2 patients developed BTH and improved with symptomatic treatment. There were three adverse events that caused mild symptoms. There are no serious adverse events or deaths.Conclusion:Eculizumab can effectively control the hemolytic-related symptoms of PNH in China, reducing the need for blood transfusions to some extent, while also demonstrating a higher safety profile.

Background:Intestinal Beh?et's disease is a subtype of multisystem vasculitis that affects the intestine,leading to severe intestinal and extra-intestinal complications,increased hospitalization rate,and a decrease in the quality of life of patients.Aims:To analyze the clinical,endoscopic,and pathological characteristics of patients with intestinal Beh?et's disease.Methods:Twenty-five patients with intestinal Beh?et's disease admitted from April 2018 to April 2023 at Tongji Hospital,Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology were enrolled.The demographic data,clinical symptoms and signs,endoscopic findings,laboratory results,and therapeutic strategies were retrospectively analyzed.Results:In 25 patients with intestinal Beh?et's disease enrolled in this study,12 were males and 13 females,with a median age of onset at 37 years old.Oral ulcer was reported in 72.0%of patients,with 60.0%presenting with oral ulcer as the initial manifestation.Before diagnosis,60.0%of patients suffered from abdominal pain,and 12.0%experienced retrosternal pain or discomfort.All patients presented with ileocecal ulcer under endoscopy,with 15 cases of typical ulcer and 10 cases of atypical ulcer.The difference in gender distribution was statistically significant between the two groups(P=0.041 4).The disease activity index for intestinal Beh?et's disease(DAIBD)in typical ulcer group was significantly higher than that in atypical ulcer group(P=0.019 4),while no significant differences in neutrophil count,hemoglobin,hypersensitive C-reactive protein,and γ-glutamyl transferase were found between the two groups(P>0.05).Five patients were accompanied with esophageal ulcer.During the course of the disease,5 patients escalated to biological therapy(adalimumab or infliximab).Four patients with typical ulcer underwent surgical treatment due to complications such as intestinal perforation,gastrointestinal bleeding,and anal fistula.Conclusions:There exists a significant association between gender,DAIBD score and typical ileocecal ulcer in patients with intestinal Beh?et's disease.

Objective To investigate the expression of long non-coding RNA(LncRNA)nuclera-enriched autosomal transcript(NEAT1)in children with retinoblastoma(Rb)and the effect of down-regulation of NEAT1 in Rb cell Y79 on cell biological function.Methods A total of 83 children with Rb who were diagnosed and treated in Huangshi Central Hospital from March 2015 to March 2021 were collected as the research object.During the same period,50 healthy children(control group)were selected in the children's health center.Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction(qRT-PCR)was used to detect the expression of NEAT1 in serum.The differences in the expressions of NEAT1 in serum between Rb children and the control group,and the differences in the expressions of NEAT1 in serum among Rb children with different clinical indicators,were analyzed.Y79 cells were cultured and were divided into si-NEAT1 group(transfected with interference sequence of NEAT1),si-NC group(transfected with control sequence)and Ctl group(only add transfection reagent).The qRT-PCR,MTT,flow cytometry and Transwell were used to detect the NEAT1 expression,cell proliferation,apoptosis,migration and invasion.Results The expression level of NEAT1 in the serum of children with Rb(1.43±0.28)was higher than that in the control group(1.01±0.21),with significant difference(t=9.116,P＜0.001).The expression levels of NEAT1 in serum of children with Rb with Intraocular International Retinoblastoma classification(IIRC)stage CDE,poor differentiation,optic nerve infiltration and lymph node metastasis were higher than those in children with Rb with AB,medium to high differentiation,no optic nerve infiltration and lymph node metastasis,with significant differences(t=2.190～3.693,all P＜0.05).The area under the curve for diagnosing Rb based on NEAT1 expression in serum was 0.882(95％CI:0.826～0.937).When the expression level of NEAT1 was 1.20,the sensitivity and specificity were 80.00％and 79.52％,respectively.Compared with the si-NC group(1.03±0.09)and the Ctl group(1.02±0.15),the expression level of NEAT1 in the si-NEAT1 group(0.35±0.06)was decreased,with significant differences(t=14.829,9.994,all P＜0.001).The absorbance A values in the si-NEAT1 group at 24,48,72 and 96h were significantly lower than those in the si-NC group and the Ctl group(t=si-NC=2.796～4.362,tCtl=2.641～5.555,all P＜0.05),while the apoptosis rate in the si-NEAT1 group was significantly higher than those in the si-NC group and the Ctl group,and the differences were statistically significant(t=4.999,3.915,all P＜0.05).Compared with the si-NC group and the Ctl group,the number of migrating cells(116.50±9.35 vs 132.00±7.32,134.00±7.95)and the number of invasive cells(96.33±8.94 vs 117.67±12.39,119.17±10.05)in the si-NEAT1 group were reduced,and the differences were statistically significant(tsi-NC=3.196,3.421,tCtl=3.492,4.159,all P＜0.05).Conclusion The expression level of NEAT1 in the serum of children with Rb was elevated,which may have a certain diagnostic value for children with Rb.Silencing the expression of NEAT1 in Y79 cells could reduce cell proliferation,accelerate cell apoptosis,and inhibit cell migration and invasion.

Objective To explore the clinical value of models based on clinical features and enhanced MRI radiomics for predicting the occurrence of post-acute pancreatitis diabetes mellitus(PPDM-A).Methods A retrospective selection of 161 acute pancreatitis(AP)patients was conducted,comprising 99 in the non-PPDM-A group and 62 in the PPDM-A group.They were randomly divided into training set and test set in a ratio of 7∶3.Region of interest(ROI)were delineated and radiomics features were extracted on the late arterial phase MRI images.Optimal radiomics features were selected by maximum relevance and minimum redundancy(mRMR)and least absolute shrinkage and selection operator(LASSO).Support vector machine(SVM)was used to develop three predictive models.The efficacy of the models in predicting PPDM-A was evaluated,the receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve was drawn,and the DeLong test was employed to assess the difference in predictive capability among the models.Results In the training set,the area under the curve(AUC)of the clinical model,radiomics model,and combined model were 0.702,0.810 and 0.901,respectively,and in the test set were 0.678,0.797 and 0.830,respectively.The DeLong test revealed a statistically significant difference in the predictive capability of the combined model compared to the clinical model both in the training and test sets(training set:P＜0.001;test set:P=0.019).Conclusion The combined model based on clinical features and enhanced MRI radiomics features demonstrates good predictive effi-cacy and can provide valuable insights for clinical interventions aimed at preventing PPDM-A.

Objective:To explore the distribution characteristics of common clinical manifestations of elbow joint in patients with endemic fluorosis and their correlation with the influencing factors.Methods:A cross-sectional survey was conducted on all permanent adult residents in 13 endemic fluorosis villages in Gaotai and Gaolan counties of Gansu province. The survey included: ① Demographic information, family history, and current medical history. ② Physical examination specifically focued on the orthopedic clinical presentations. ③Taking DR films of the forearm (including elbow joint) and calf (including knee joint), and classify the elbow joint to grade K-L based on X-ray manifestations. ④ Measuring height and weight, and calculating BMI index. ⑤Applying the Mayo elbow joint rating scale to evaluate elbow joint function. Based on the survey results, the distribution characteristics of clinical symptoms and signs of elbow joint in patients with skeletal fluorosis, as well as the distribution characteristics and correlation of factors affecting elbow joint function such as age, gender, disease course, BMI, K-L grade, etc were described. The comparison of counting data and rates were analyzed with χ2 test or Fisher exact probability test. Pearson′s test was used for correlation analysis of continuous data that conforms to normal distribution, and Spearman test was used for non-normal distribution measurement and counting data. The correlation analysis of ordered hierarchical data was conducted using Kendall′s Tau- b test. Results:①Among 501 patients with skeletal fluorosis, a total of 465 cases (92.8%) were diagnosed with elbow joint pain. A total of 185 cases (36.9%) were with elbow joint tenderness, 300 cases (59.9%) were with elbow joint enlargement, 415 cases (82.8%) were with morning stiffness of the elbow joint, 102 cases (20.4%) were with cubital tunnel syndrome, 153 cases (30.5%) were with positive forearm extensor tendon traction test, and 97 cases (19.4%) were with positive forearm flexor tendon traction test. The detection rate of elbow joint rotation limitation was the highest among those with ROM ranging from 30 ° to 70 ° (261/501, 52.1%), and the detection rate of elbow joint extension and flexion limitation was the highest among those with ROM ranging from 50 ° to 90 °(274/501, 54.7%). ②Among 501 patients with skeletal fluorosis, a total of 465 cases were found to have symptoms and positive signs in the elbow joint, with the detection rate in males being lower than that in females, with a significant difference ( χ2=41.19, P<0.001). The majority of patients were between the ages of 50 and 65 (274/501, 58.9%), with a body mass index of <18 (217, 46.67%), K-L arthritis with a radiologic grade of Ⅲ (256/501, 55.0%), and a disease course of >30 years (217/501, 46.67%). ③The correlation between clinical characteristics, the Mayo score, and various influencing factors of skeletal fluorosis found a high correlation between pain and age ( r=0.79, P<0.001) and pain and disease course ( r=0.71, P<0.001). The ROM of extension and flexion was negatively correlated with age ( r=-0.43, P<0.001), K-L grade ( r=-0.67, P<0.001), and disease course ( r=-0.48, P<0.001); Elbow tunnel syndrome was positively correlated with age ( r=0.72, P<0.001). The Mayo functional score was negatively correlated with age ( r=-0.35, P<0.001). Conclusion:Early morning stiffness of the elbow joint (<30 min), limited rotation of the elbow joint, limited extension and flexion of the elbow joint, and cubital tunnel syndrome (degree Ⅰ) have a high detection rate in the population with skeletal fluorosis. Age, course of disease, and degree of joint degeneration have a significant impact on elbow joint function in patients with fluorosis.

Objective:To investigate the clinical features of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and serum-positive specific IgE (SIgE).Methods:This study was a retrospective cohort study. A total of 105 stable COPD patients with allergic features and completed serum SIgE testing were included, and all of them were from Capital Medical University, Beijing Tong Ren Hospital from September 2022 to October 2023. Those with at least one positive result of SIgE testing were classified as positive SIgE COPD group, and those with negative SIgE were classified as negative SIgE COPD group. There were 32 cases (30.5%) in the positive SIgE COPD group and 73 cases (69.5%) in the negative SIgE COPD group. Differences in laboratory tests, pulmonary function, chronic obstructive pulmonary symptom scores, incidence of severe acute exacerbation events in the past year, and drug therapy were compared between the two groups. The risk factors for positive SIgE COPD were analyzed, and the best predictive value for the diagnosis of positive SIgE COPD was analyzed using the area under the curve (AUC) of receiver operating characteristic (ROC).Results:Compared with the negative SIgE COPD group, the percentage of positive SIgE COPD group with rhinitis, sinusitis, sinusitis with nasal polyps, eczema, and a history of drug or food allergy were higher (all P<0.05) and the percentage of those who had quit smoking were higher ( P<0.05); the percentage of IgE above normal thresholds, the level of IgE, the percentage of peripheral blood eosinophil (EOS%), the count of EOS, and fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) were higher (all P<0.05), and the percentage of those who had severe and above severe Global Strategy for the Diagnosis, Management, and Prevention of COPD (GOLD) pulmonary function classification were higher, while the percentage of forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV 1% predicted), 25% maximal expiratory flow (MEF 25%) and MEF 75/25% were lower, and FEV 1/FVC was higher (all P<0.05). The positive SIgE COPD group had higher modified British medical research council (mMRC) scores and COPD assessment test (CAT) scores, and a higher incidence of severe acute exacerbation events over the past year (all P<0.05), and the use of short-acting β 2 receptor agonists (SABA) or short-acting muscarinic antagonist (SAMA), inhaled corticosteroid (ICS), theophylline and oral hormone therapy were more frequent (all P<0.05). EOS% ( OR=1.252, 95% CI: 1.039-1.508) was a risk factor for SIgE positivity in COPD ( P<0.05), and having quit smoking ( OR=0.385, 95% CI: 0.197-0.751) was a protective factor ( P<0.05). The AUC value of the ROC curve of EOS%>2.5% for the diagnosis of SIgE positivity was 0.647 (95% CI: 0.543-0.752), with a sensitivity and specificity of 52.8% and 73.1%, respectively. Conclusions:Positive SIgE COPD has sever clinical symptoms, high risk of acute exacerbation and deficiencies in treatment. The elevate of EOS% is a risk factor for the development of positive SIgE in COPD patients; positive SIgE COPD meets the diagnostic criteria for allergic COPD phenotype, and EOS% over 2.5% is suggestive of the clinical detection of allergic COPD phenotype.