Objective:To investigate the correlation between coronary artery calcification(CAC)scores based on computed tomography(CT)on chest and perioperative complications of emergency percutaneous coronary intervention(PCI)of patients with acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction(STEMI).Methods:A total of 263 STEMI patients who admitted to the Chest Pain Center of the Department of Cardiovascular Medicine of Baoding NO.1 Central Hospital from March 2020 to July 2021 were selected.All of them underwent CT examination on chest,and were assessed by CAC scores.They were divided into no calcification and mild group(0～2 scores,129 cases),moderate calcification group(3～5 scores,88 cases)and severe calcification group(6-9 scores,46 cases)according to CAC scores.Perioperative complications and major cardiovascular events(MACE)of patients with different degrees of calcification in the follow-up period were analyzed.The differences among different groups were compared.The correlation between CAC scores and perioperative complications of emergency PCI was further analyzed.Results:Compared with patients of no calcification and mild group,the ages of patients of moderate and severe calcification groups were older(x2=45.815,P＜0.05),and the incidences of hypertension,cerebral infarction,diabetes,multi-vessel disease and MACE of moderate and severe calcification groups were significantly higher(x2=6.762,11.071,6.064,25.036,21.694,P＜0.05).There were significant differences in eGFR and NT-ProBNP levels among the 3 groups(F=8.592,Z=20.890,P＜0.05).Compared with the severe calcification group,the incidence of coronary thrombosis was higher in the no calcification and mild group(x2=7.748,P＜0.05).According to logistic regression analysis,the patients with coronary thrombosis,moderate and severe calcification were more likely to have minor complications(OR=4.847,5.280,11.135,P＜0.001).Patients with older age,hypertension or severe calcification of coronary artery were more likely to occur serious complications,and the MACE incidence was higher within 1 year after surgery(OR=1.151,7.982,10.555,21.729,P＜0.05).Conclusion:Patients with moderate and severe calcification lesions who are assessed by CAC scores based on chest CT have a higher incidence of perioperative complications.CAC scores based on chest CT can be used to assess perioperative complications of emergency PCI and MACE within 1 year after surgery.

Twelve DEK-NUP214 fusion gene-positive patients with acute myeloid leukemia and on allo-HSCT treatment at the Hematology Hospital of the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences from November 2016 to August 2022 were included in the study, and their clinical data were retrospectively analyzed. The patients comprised five men and seven women with a median age of 34 (16-52) years. At the time of diagnosis, all the patients were positive for the DEK-NUP214 fusion gene. Chromosome karyotyping analysis showed t (6;9) (p23;q34) translocation in 10 patients (two patients did not undergo chromosome karyotyping analysis), FLT3-ITD mutation was detected in 11 patients, and high expression of WT1 was observed in 11 patients. Nine patients had their primary disease in the first complete remission state before transplantation, one patient had no disease remission, and two patients were in a recurrent state. All patients received myeloablative pretreatment, five patients received sibling allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, and seven patients received haploid hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. The median number of mononuclear cells in the transplant was 10.87 (7.09-17.89) ×10 8/kg, and the number of CD34 + cells was 3.29 (2.53-6.10) ×10 6/kg. All patients achieved blood reconstruction, with a median time of 14 (10-20) days for neutrophil implantation and 15 (9-27) days for platelet implantation. The 1 year transplant-related mortality rate after transplantation was 21.2%. The cumulative recurrence rates 1 and 3 years after transplantation were 25.0% and 50.0%, respectively. The leukemia free survival rates were (65.6±14.0) % and (65.6±14.0) %, respectively. The overall survival rates were (72.2±13.8) % and (72.2±13.8) %, respectively.

Objective:To evaluate the efficacy and prognostic factors of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) in patients with myelodysplastic syndrome accompanied by myelodysplasia (MDS-EB) and to compare the prognosis of different subtypes of patients classified by World Health Organization (WHO) 2022.Methods:A total of 282 patients with MDS-EB who underwent allo-HSCT at the Hematology Hospital of the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences from October 2006 to December 2022 were included in the study. The WHO 2022 diagnostic criteria reclassified MDS into three groups: myelodysplastic tumors with type 1/2 of primitive cell proliferation (MDS-IB1/IB2, 222 cases), MDS with fibrosis (MDS-f, 41 cases), and MDS with biallelic TP53 mutation (MDS-biTP53, 19 cases). Their clinical data were retrospectively analyzed.Results:① The median age of 282 patients was 46 (15-66) years, with 191 males and 91 females. Among them, 118 (42% ) and 164 (58% ) had MDS-EB1 and MDS-EB2, respectively. ②Among the 282 patients, 256 (90.8% ) achieved hematopoietic reconstruction after transplantation, with 11 (3.9% ) and 15 (5.3% ) having primary and secondary implantation dysfunctions, respectively. The cumulative incidence of acute graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) 100 days post-transplantation was (42.6±3.0) %, and the cumulative incidence of grade Ⅱ-Ⅳ acute GVHD was (33.0±2.8) %. The cumulative incidence of chronic GVHD 1 year post-transplantation was (31.0±2.9) %. Post-transplantation, 128 (45.4% ), 63 (22.3% ), 35 (12.4% ), and 17 patients (6.0% ) developed cytomegalovirus infection, bacteremia, pulmonary fungal infection, and Epstein-Barr virus infection. ③The median follow-up time post-transplantation was 22.1 (19.2-24.7) months, and the 3-year overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) rates were 71.9% (95% CI 65.7% -78.6% ) and 63.6% (95% CI 57.2% -70.7% ), respectively. The 3-year non-recurrent mortality rate (NRM) is 17.9% (95% CI 13.9% -22.9% ), and the 3-year cumulative recurrence rate (CIR) is 9.8% (95% CI 6.7% -13.7% ). The independent risk factors affecting OS post-transplantation include monocyte karyotype ( P=0.004, HR=3.26, 95% CI 1.46-7.29), hematopoietic stem cell transplantation complication index (HCI-CI) of ≥3 points ( P<0.001, HR=2.86, 95% CI 1.72-4.75), and the occurrence of acute gastrointestinal GVHD of grade Ⅱ-Ⅳ ( P<0.001, HR=5.94, 95% CI 3.50-10.10). ④The 3-year OS and DFS rates in the MDS-IB1/IB2 group post-transplantation were better than those in the MDS-biTP53 group [OS: 72.0% (95% CI 63.4% -80.7% ) vs 46.4% (95% CI 26.9% –80.1% ), P=0.020; DFS: 67.4% (95% CI 60.3% -75.3% ) vs 39.7% (95% CI 22.3% -70.8% ), P=0.015]. The 3-year CIR was lower than that of the MDS-biTP53 group [7.3% (95% CI 4.3% -11.4% ) vs 26.9% (95% CI 9.2% -48.5% ), P=0.004]. The NRM at 3 years post-transplantation in the MDS-IB1/IB2, MDS-f, and MDS-biTP53 groups were 16.7% (95% CI 12.1% -22.1% ), 20.5% (95% CI 9.4% -34.6% ), and 26.3% (95% CI 9.1% -47.5% ), respectively ( P=0.690) . Conclusion:Allo-HSCT is an effective treatment for MDS-EB, with monomeric karyotype, HCI-CI, and grade Ⅱ-Ⅳ acute gastrointestinal GVHD as independent risk factors affecting the patient’s OS. The WHO 2022 classification helps distinguish the efficacy of allo-HSCT in different subgroups of patients. Allo-HSCT can improve the poor prognosis of patients with MDS-f, but those with MDS-biTP53 have a higher risk of recurrence post-transplantation.

China prospective multicenter birth cohort (Prospective Omics Health Atlas birth cohort, POHA birth cohort) study was officially launched in 2022. This study, in collaboration with 12 participating units, aims to establish a high-quality, multidimensional cohort comprising 20 000 naturally conceived families and assisted reproductive families. The study involves long-term follow-up of parents and offspring, with corresponding biological samples collected at key time points. Through multi-omics testing and analysis, the study aims to conduct multi-omics big data research across the entire maternal and infant life cycle. The goal is to identify new biomarkers for maternal and infant diseases and provide scientific evidence for risk prediction related to maternal diseases and neonatal health.

Objective:To investigate the mediating effect of rumination in primiparae on the expectation gap of social support and postpartum depression, so as to provide a reference basis for early detection and intervention in the regulation of meternal postpartum depression.Methods:In this cross-sectional study, questionnaires were administered from November 2021 to March 2022 using the general information questionnaire, the Ruminant Thinking Response Scale, the Postpartum Social Support Scale, and the Edinburgh Postpartum Depression Scale to 266 primiparae at three tertiary level A hospitals, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi′an Jiaotong University, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi′an Jiaotong University, and the Northwest Women′s and Children′s Hospital, for postpartum review, and the relationship between ruminant thinking, social support expectation gap, and postpartum depression was analyzed using correlation analysis, structural equation modeling, and application of Bootsrap method.Results:The social support expectation gap, ruminative thinking, and postpartum depression average scores were (16.74 ± 12.77), (39.43 ± 4.14), (6.77 ± 2.77) points, respectively.There were positive correlations between social support expectation gap and ruminative thinking, postpartum depression, and ruminative thinking and postpartum depression ( r=0.62, 0.75, 0.70, all P<0.01). Primiparae ruminative thinking partially mediated the relationship between social support expectation gap and postpartum depression, with the mediating effect accounting for 22% of the total effect. Conclusions:Social support expectation gap can directly affect the occurrence of postpartum depression, but also indirectly through ruminative thinking, and postpartum depression can be prevented and intervened from the perspective of reducing ruminative thinking in clinical practice.

Objective:TP53-abnormal MDS/acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients’ allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) treatment’s effectiveness and influencing factors should be studied.Methods:42 patients with TP53 gene status change MDS/AML who underwent allo-HSCT from 2014.8.1 to 2021.7.31 at the Hematology Hospital of the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences were the subject of a retrospective analysis. The 42 patients were divided into three groups: the TP53 deletion group (group A) , TP53 mono-alle mutation group (group B) , and TP53 multi-hit group (group C) . The differences in clinical features and prognostic factors after transplantation were analyzed.Results:There were 42 MDS/AML patients, including 21 patients with MDS, and 21 patients with AML. The median follow-up period was 34.0 (7.5-75.0) months and the median patient age at the time of transplantation was 41.5 (18-63) years old. The total OS was 66.3% (95% CI 53.4%-82.4%) in 3 years after transplantation, and EFS was 61.0% (95% CI 47.7%-78.0%) in 3 years. For 3 years after receiving hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, there were no statistically significant differences in 3-year OS and EFS in groups A, B, and C ( P≥0.05) . The 3 years OS was 82.5% (95% CI 63.1%-100.0%) in group A, 60.6% (95% CI 43.5%-84.4%) in group B, and 57.1% (95% CI 30.1%-100.0%) in group C. Univariate analysis revealed that the number of co-mutant genes, pre-HSCT treatment, and disease type did not affect prognosis, while age, karyotype, co-mutation, positive blast cell before transplantation, and positive blast cell after transplantation were common prognostic factors for OS and EFS ( P<0.1) . MRD levels before transplantation were found to be independent risk factors for OS ( P=0.037, HR=33.40, 95% CI 1.24-901.17) in a multivariate analysis. Conclusion:Patients with MDS/AML who have TP53 mutations can benefit from allo-HSCT, but patients with complex karyotypes have a worse prognosis. Meanwhile, the final flow cytometry (FCM) monitoring blast cell test before HSCT has a certain guiding significance for prognostic assessment.

Objective:To construct enhanced computed tomography (CT)-based nomograph model, to assist physicians in differentiating gastric schwannoma from gastric stromal tumor.Methods:From January 1, 2012 to January 1, 2022, at the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine and Ningbo Hwamei Hospital, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 57 patients with gastric schwannoma and 275 patients with gastric stromal tumor confirmed by surgical pathology were retrospectively collected, among whom 39 patients with gastric schwannoma and 201 patients with gastric stromal tumor were enrolled in the training set, and the other 18 patients with gastric schwannoma and 74 patients with gastric stromal tumor were enrolled in the validation set. The contrast-enhanced CT imaging features (tumor size index, arterial phase CT value, venous phase CT value, necrosis, calcification, integrity of mucosal surface, and uniform enhancement, etc.) and clinical data (history of gastritis, carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA19-9), carcinoembryonic antigen, and monocyte to lymphocyte ratio (MLR), etc.) were collected. The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression analysis was used to screen the independent predictive factors of imaging features in the differential diagnosis of gastric schwannoma and gastric stromal tumor, and a nomograph model was constracted. Logistic regression analysis was used to analyze and screen the independent predictive factors of clinical indicators to distinguish gastric schwannoma from gastric stromal tumor, and a clinical control model was established. The receiver operating characteristic curve(ROC) was used to analyze the area under the curve (AUC) of the nomograph model in the training set and the verification set, and concordance index (CI) and decision curve analysis (DCA) were used to evaluate the predictive efficiency and clinical application value of the nomograph model. DeLong test was used for statistical analysis.Results:The results of LASSO regression analysis showed that tumor size index, arterial phase CT value, venous phase CT value, necrosis, calcification, integrity of mucosal surface, and uniform enhancement were independent predictive factors of imaging features in the differential diagnosis of gastric schwannoma and gastric stromal tumor(all P<0.05). The results of logistic regression analysis indicated that the history of gastritis ( OR=0.280, 95% confidence interval 0.138 to 0.566), CA19-9 ( OR=0.940, 95% confidence interval 0.890 to 0.993), carcinoembryonic antigen ( OR=0.794, 95% confidence interval 0.661 to 0.952), and MLR ( OR=0.087, 95% confidence interval 0.009 to 0.860) were independent predictive factors of clinical indicators in the differential diagnosis of gastric schwannoma and gastric stromal tumor ( P<0.001, =0.028, 0.013 and 0.037). The AUCs of the nomograph model in the training and validation set were 0.881 and 0.850, respectively, and the AUCs of the clinical control model in the training and validation set were 0.814 and 0.772, respectively, and the differences were statistically significant ( Z=2.57 and 1.96, P=0.005 and 0.030). The average CI of the nomograph model was 0.885. The results of DCA analysis showed that the overall benefit of the nomograph model was higher than that of the clinical control model. Conclusion:The enhanced CT-based nomograph model can effectively distinguish gastric schwannoma from gastric stromal tumor, and can help physicians to make precise clinical decisions.

OBJECTIVES: Platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) has recently been investigated as a new inflammatory marker in many inflammatory diseases, including systemic lupus erythematosus and immunoglobulin A vasculitis. However, there were very few reports regarding the clinical role of PLR in patients with anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA) associated vasculitis. This study was thus undertaken to investigate the relationship between inflammatory response and disease activity in Chinese patients with myeloperoxidase-anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (MPO-ANCA) associated vasculitis. Furthermore, we evaluated whether PLR predicts the progression of end stage of renal disease (ESRD) and all-cause mortality. METHODS: The clinical, laboratory and pathological data, and the outcomes of MPO-ANCA associated vasculitis patients were collected. The Spearman correlation coefficient was computed to examine the association between 2 continuous variables. Cox regression analysis was used to estimate the association between PLR and ESRD or all-cause mortality. RESULTS: A total of 190 consecutive patients with MPO-ANCA associated vasculitis were included in this study. Baseline PLR was positively correlated with CRP (r=0.333, P<0.001) and ESR (r=0.218, P=0.003). PLR had no obvious correlation with Birmingham Vasculitis Activity Score (BVAS). Patients having PLR≥330 exhibited better cumulative renal survival rates than those having PLR<330 (P=0.017). However, there was no significant difference in the cumulative patient survival rates between patients with PLR≥330 and those with PLR<330 at diagnosis (P>0.05). In multivariate analysis, PLR is associated with the decreased risk of ESRD (P=0.038, HR=0.518, 95% CI 0.278 to 0.963). We did not find an association between PLR with all-cause mortality using multivariate analysis (HR=1.081, 95% CI 0.591 to 1.976, P=0.801). CONCLUSIONS PLR is positively correlated with CRP and ESR. Furthermore, PLR may independently predict the risk of ESRD.
Anti-Neutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibody-Associated Vasculitis/diagnosis* ; Antibodies, Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic/analysis* ; China/epidemiology* ; Humans ; Kidney Failure, Chronic/complications* ; Lymphocytes ; Peroxidase ; Retrospective Studies

Objegtive:To investigate the efficacy and safety of preemptive/salvage therapy with venetoclax (VEN) in patients with recurrence after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) .Methods:Retrospective analysis the clinical data of 25 patients with minimal residual disease (MRD) positive or morphological recurrence after allo-HSCT treated with VEN in the hematological Hospital of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences from 2021.2 to 2021.11, there were 15 MRD positive patients (preemptive treatment group) and 10 morphological recurrence patients (salvage treatment group) . The dose of VEN in both groups was 400 mg/d, which was reduced to 100 mg/d when combined with azole antifungal drugs.Results:①In the preemptive group, there were 7 males and 8 females, with a median age of 32 (18-52) years; There were 13 cases of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) , 1 case of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and 1 case of primary myelofibrosis (PMF) ; the median time from MRD positive to the application of VEN was 2.5 (0-12.5) months. The median course of treatment was 2 (1-4) . On the 7th day of the first course of treatment, the median concentration of VEN was 1945 (688-5383) μg/L. After one course of VEN treatment, MRD in 8 patients turned negative (major responses) , MRD in 4 patients decreased by 50% compared with that before treatment, 3 cases were ineffective, and the overall response rate (ORR) was 80% (12/15) . On the 7th day of treatment, 3 of the 9 patients with VEN blood concentration <1 000 μg/L or >3 000 μg/L turned negative for MRD (33.3%) , and 5 of the 6 patients with VEN blood concentration between 1000 and 3000 μg/L turned negative for MRD (83.3%) . Grade 3/4 neutropenia occurred in 5 patients (33%) and grade 3/4 thrombocytopenia occurred in 5 patients (33%) , there were no new cases of severe infection and death. ②In the salvage group, there were 7 males and 3 females, with a median age of 44 (28-59) years; there were 6 cases of AML, 2 cases of ALL, 1 case of atypical chronic myeloid leukemia (aCML) , 1 case of refractory hemopenia with multiline dysplasia (MDS-RCMD) ; the median time from relapse to application of VEN was 0 (0-1) months. The median treatment was 1 (1-2) course. The median concentration of VEN on the 7th day of the first course of treatment was 2 419 (1 200-6 155) μg/L. After one course of VEN treatment, 3 cases achieved complete remission (CR) (major responses) and 3 cases achieved partial remission (PR) , 4 cases were ineffective and the ORR was 60% (6/10) . On the 7th day of treatment, 1 of the 4 patients with VEN blood concentration >3 000 μg/L achieved CR (25%) , and 2 of the 6 patients with VEN blood concentration between 1 000 and 3 000 μg/L achieved CR (33.3%) . Grade 3/4 neutropenia and grade 3/4 thrombocytopenia occurred in 10 patients (100%) . One patient died of severe pulmonary infection. ③The median follow-up was 4.5 (1-8.5) months. The overall survival rate (OS) of the preemptive group and the salvage group were (70.2±12.7) % and (50.0± 15.8) %, respectively ( χ2=1.873, P=0.171) . The OS of patients with and without primary response to one course of VEN were (90.9±8.7) % and (36.2±14.7) % respectively ( χ2=6.843, P=0.009) . Three patients with TP53 mutation achieved the major responses after VEN treatment. Conclusion:Preemptive/salvage therapy with VEN after allo-HSCT in patients with hematological malignancies is effective and well tolerated, monitoring the concentration of VEN is expected to improve the curative effect. The prognosis of patients who fail to reach the major responses after one course of preemptive/salvage treatment with VEN is poor, so they need to switch to other treatment schemes as soon as possible.

Objective:To establish a disease risk prediction model for the newborn screening system of inherited metabolic diseases by artificial intelligence technology.Methods:This was a retrospectively study. Newborn screening data ( n=5 907 547) from February 2010 to May 2019 from 31 hospitals in China and verified data ( n=3 028) from 34 hospitals of the same period were collected to establish the artificial intelligence model for the prediction of inherited metabolic diseases in neonates. The validity of the artificial intelligence disease risk prediction model was verified by 360 814 newborns ' screening data from January 2018 to September 2018 through a single-blind experiment. The effectiveness of the artificial intelligence disease risk prediction model was verified by comparing the detection rate of clinically confirmed cases, the positive rate of initial screening and the positive predictive value between the clinicians and the artificial intelligence prediction model of inherited metabolic diseases. Results:A total of 3 665 697 newborns ' screening data were collected including 3 019 cases ' positive data to establish the 16 artificial intelligence models for 32 inherited metabolic diseases. The single-blind experiment ( n=360 814) showed that 45 clinically diagnosed infants were detected by both artificial intelligence model and clinicians. A total of 2 684 cases were positive in tandem mass spectrometry screening and 1 694 cases were with high risk in artificial intelligence prediction model of inherited metabolic diseases, with the positive rates of tandem 0.74% (2 684/360 814)and 0.46% (1 694/360 814), respectively. Compared to clinicians, the positive rate of newborns was reduced by 36.89% (990/2 684) after the application of the artificial intelligence model, and the positive predictive values of clinicians and artificial intelligence prediction model of inherited metabolic diseases were 1.68% (45/2 684) and 2.66% (45/1 694) respectively. Conclusion:An accurate, fast, and the lower false positive rate auxiliary diagnosis system for neonatal inherited metabolic diseases by artificial intelligence technology has been established, which may have an important clinical value.