Objective:To evaluate the predictive value of mechanical power (MP) on the risk of in-hospital mortality in critical ill patients in emergency department.Methods:A total of 105 critical ill patients with invasive mechanical ventilation in the Department of Emergency of Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University between December 1, 2017 and October 31, 2020 were retrospectively analyzed. Based on the clinical prognosis, the patients were divided into the in-hospital survival group (80 patients) and the in-hospital death group (25 patients). The clinical data and ventilator parameters were recorded, and the MP of the two groups was calculated in order to assess the predictive efficacy of MP on in-hospital death.Results:Compared to the in-hospital death group, the oxygenation index PaO 2/FiO 2 was significantly higher (271 mmHg vs. 217 mmHg, P=0.020) and blood lactate (1.59 mmol/L vs. 2.56 mmol/L, P<0.001) and procalcitonin (0.31 ng/mL vs. 3.55 ng/mL, P=0.028), minute ventilation (7.03 L/min vs.8.32 mmol/L, P=0.013), MP (14.37 J/min vs. 16.12 J/min, P=0.041), SOFA score (5 vs. 8, P=0.001) and APACHE II score (16 vs. 22, P=0.041) were significantly lower in the in-hospital survival group. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that PaO 2/FiO 2( OR=1.015, P=0.044), MP ( OR=1.813, P=0.039) and SOFA score( OR=2.651, P=0.010) were independent risk factors for predicting hospital mortality in patients with mechanical ventilation. The areas under the ROC curves (AUC) were 0.62, 0.63 and 0.75, respectively. Moreover, the MP combined with SOFA score for predicting in-hospital death was significantly higher than that of MP alone (0.77 vs. 0.63, P<0.05). Conclusions:MP is associated with in-hospital death in patients with invasive mechanical ventilation in emergency department. MP combined with SOFA score can enhance its predictive efficacy

Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is an infectious disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), with strong contagiousness, high susceptibility and long incubation period. cell entry by SARS-CoV-2 requires the binding between the receptor-binding domain of the viral spike protein and the cellular angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2). Here, we briefly reviewed the mechanisms underlying the interaction between SARS-CoV-2 and ACE2, and summarized the latest research progress on SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing monoclonal antibodies and nanobodies, so as to better understand the development process and drug research direction of COVID-19. This review may facilitate understanding the development of neutralizing antibody drugs for emerging infectious diseases, especially for COVID-19.
Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2 ; Antibodies, Monoclonal ; Antibodies, Neutralizing ; Antibodies, Viral ; COVID-19 ; Humans ; Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A/metabolism* ; Protein Binding ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Single-Domain Antibodies ; Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus/metabolism*

Objective:To explore the relationship between emotional trauma and depressive symptoms.Methods:In November 2021, a total of 1 650 university students were assessed using scales including childhood trauma questionnaire (CTQ), distress tolerance scale (DTS), rumination response scale (RRS) and the depression anxiety stress scale (DASS). SPSS 20.0 and AMOS 25.0 software were used to analyze the data with Spearman correlation analysis, Mann-Whitney U test and mediation analysis. Results:The differences of DTS, RRS and DASS were significant between high and low trauma group(all P<0.01). Emotional trauma (16.70(6.09)) was negatively correlated with distress tolerance(10.95(2.15)) ( r=-0.26, P<0.01), and positively correlated with rumination(39.51(10.74)) and depression(4.93(5.76)) ( r=0.31, 0.38, both P<0.01). The testing of mediating effect indicated that emotional trauma had direct effect ( β=0.20, P<0.001) and indirect effect on depression through distress tolerance and rumination. Conclusion:Emotional trauma, distress tolerance and rumination are important factors influencing depression, and it could provide guidance for undergraduate psychological intervention of depression.

Background Occupational noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL) is one of the most prevalent occupational diseases in the world. With the development of industry, noise sources in the workplace have become increasingly complex. Objective To apply kurtosis-adjusted cumulative noise exposure (CNE) to assess the occupational hearing loss among furniture manufacturing workers, and to provide a basis for revising noise measurement methods and occupational exposure limits in China. Methods A cross-sectional survey was conducted to select 694 manufacturing workers, including 542 furniture manufacturing workers exposed to non-Gaussian noise, and 152 textile manufacturing workers and paper manufacturing workers exposed to Gaussian noise. The job titles involving non-Gaussian noise were gunning and nailing, and woodworking, while those involving Gaussian noise were weaving, spinning, and pulping. High frequency noise-induced hearing loss (HFNIHL) and noise exposure data were collected for each study subject. Noise energy metrics included eight-hour equivalent continuous A-weighted sound pressure level (L_{Aeq,8 h}) and CNE. Kurtosis was a noise temporal structure metric. Kurtosis-adjusted CNE was a combined indicator of noise energy and temporal structure. Results The age of the study subjects was (35.64±10.35) years, the exposure duration was (6.71±6.44) years, and the proportion of males was 75.50%. The L_{Aeq,8 h} was (89.43±6.01) dB(A). About 81.42% of the study subjects were exposed to noise levels above 85 dB(A), the CNE was (95.85±7.32) dB(A)·year, with a kurtosis of 99.34 ± 139.19, and the prevalence rate of HFNIHL was 35.59%. The mean kurtosis of the non-Gaussian noise group was higher than that of the Gaussian noise group (125.33±147.17 vs. 5.86±1.94, t=−21.04, P<0.05). The results of binary logistic regression analysis showed that kurtosis was an influential factor of workers' HFNIHL after correcting for age, exposure duration, and L_{Aeq,8 h} (OR=1.49, P<0.05). The results of multiple linear regression analysis showed that the effects of age, exposure duration, L_{Aeq,8 h}, and kurtosis on noise-induced permanent threshold shift at frequencies of 3, 4, and 6 kHz of the poor hearing ear were statistically significant (all P<0.05). The results of chi-square trend analysis showed that when CNE ≥ 90 dB(A)·year, the HFNIHL prevalence rate elevated with increasing kurtosis (P<0.05). The mean HFNIHL prevalence rate was higher in the non-Gaussian noise group than in the Gaussian noise group (31.7% vs. 22.0%, P<0.05). After applying kurtosis-adjusted CNE, the linear equation between CNE and HFNIHL prevalence rate for the non-Gaussian noise group almost overlapped with that for the Gaussian noise group, and the mean difference in HFNIHL prevalence rate between the two groups decreased from 9.7% to 1.4% (P<0.05). Conclusion Noise kurtosis is an effective metric for NIHL evaluation. Kurtosis-adjusted CNE can effectively evaluate occupational hearing loss due to non-Gaussian noise exposure in furniture manufacturing workers, and is expected to be a new indicator of non-Gaussian noise measurement and assessment.

Objective:To explore the mediating effect of alexithymia and moderating effect of life events in the relationship between childhood trauma and depressive symptoms.Methods:A cross-sectional survey was designed to investigate 2 592 freshmen in Southern Medical University by using a series of questionnaires, including the childhood trauma questionnaire(CTQ), Toronto alexithymia scale(TAS), adolescent self-rating life events checklist(ASLEC), Chinese version of Beck depression inventory-Ⅱ(BDI-Ⅱ). The mediating effect of alexithymia and the moderating effect of life events were examined using SPSS 19.0 macro program PROCESS 2.13.Results:(1) The prevalences of depressive symptoms and childhood trauma were 11.34% and 14.80% in college students.(2) The total score of CTQ (34.25±8.01) was significantly positively correlated with the total score of TAS (48.82±10.72) ( r=0.38, P<0.01), the total score of ASLEC (36.91±9.74) was significantly positively correlated with the score of BDI-Ⅱ 3.00(6.00) ( r=0.53, P<0.01), and the total score of TAS was significantly positively correlated with the score of BDI-Ⅱ ( r=0.49, P<0.01). (3) Alexithymia mediated the relationship between childhood trauma and depressive symptoms.The direct effect (effects size=0.25) and the mediating effect (effects size=0.12) accounted for 67.57% and 32.43% of the total effect (effects size=0.37), respectively.(4) Health adaptation, punishment and learning pressure events moderated the path between alexithymia and depressive symptoms. Conclusion:Childhood trauma affects depressive symptoms through the mediating role of alexithymia and the moderating role of life events in freshmen.

Objective:To investigate the effect of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) on primary neonatal rat cardiomyocytes (CMs) and human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (hiPS-CMs).Methods:The hiPS-CMs and primary neonatal rat CMs were treated with different concentrations of LPS for 24 to 48 h. Then the cellular viability was analyzed by the xCELLigence RTCA Cardio system. The measurement of NPPB gene was studied by qRT-PCR and the gene expression analysis was performed by the qPCR array, in order to evaluate the cardiac inflammation effect induced by LPS.Results:The LPS exposure led to dysfunction in the primary neonatal rat CMs, which shown as an increase in beating rate and a decrease in contraction amplitude ( P<0.01), accompanied by an increased NPPB mRNA level ( P<0.01). There was no significant alteration in beating rate and the contraction amplitude in the corresponding concentration of the primary neonatal rat CMs ( P>0.05), as well as the NPPB mRNA level ( P>0.05). However, the expression of NPPB mRNA in hiPS-CMs was significantly different at a higher concentration of LPS (5 μg/mL~40 μg/mL) ( P<0.01), but the beating rate and the contraction amplitude showed no significant change, even the concentration of LPS up to 40 μg/mL ( P>0.05). Finally, the genes of C3, Gpnmb, Atf3, Il6r and Ly96 upregulated to 1.5 folds in the primary neonatal rat CMs. In comparison with primary neonatal rat CMs, the AK4, TOLLIP, SPP1, FABP1, IL6R, LY96 and C3 were over expression to 1.5 folds in the hiPS-CMs. Conclusions:In comparison with primary neonatal rat CMs, hiPS-CMs are markedly less injured by LPS and show a different pattern of inflammation gene expression.

Objective:To analyze the sepsis related long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) and mRNA expression profiles based on Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) datasets and bioinformatic analysis, and to analyze the sepsis-associated competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) network based on microRNA (miRNA) database.Methods:The sepsis-related lncRNA dataset was downloaded from the GEO database, and the differential expression analysis was conducted by Bioconductor on the sepsis dataset to obtain differentially expressed lncRNA (DElncRNA) and differentially expressed mRNA (DEmRNA), and cluster heat map was drawn. miRNA combined with DElncRNA were predicted by miRcode. mRNA targeted by miRNA was simultaneously met by three databases: TargetScan, miRDB, and mirTarBase. The interaction relationship of lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA was obtained. The regulatory network visualization software CytoScape was used to draw ceRNA networks. DEmRNA in the ceRNA networks were imported into the Search Tool for the Retrieval of Interacting Genes Database (STRING) online database to draw the protein-protein interaction (PPI) map. The gene ontology (GO) function annotation and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis of DEmRNA were performed.Results:Dataset GSE89376 and GSE145227 were found from GEO database. Difference analysis showed there were 14 DElncRNA and 359 DEmRNA in the elderly group of GSE89376; 8 DElncRNA and 153 DEmRNA in the adult group of GSE89376; 1 232 DElncRNA and 1 224 DEmRNA in the children group of GSE145227. Clustering heatmap showed that there were significant differences in the expression of lncRNA and mRNA between the sepsis group and the control group. The ceRNA networks were constructed with miRNA. Several DElncRNA and multiple DEmRNA participated in the ceRNA network of sepsis. The PPI diagram demonstrated that several genes encoding proteins interacted with each other and form a multi-node interaction network with multiple genes encoding proteins. Functional annotation and enrichment analysis demonstrated that there might be a crosstalk mechanism on functionally related genes such as nuclear receptor activity, ligand-activated transcription factor activity, and steroid hormone receptor activity, and played a role in the occurrence and development of diseases through forkhead box transcription factor O (FoxO) signaling pathway, Janus kinase/signal transducers and activators of transcription (JAK/STAT) signaling pathway, p53 signaling pathway, and phosphateidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt signaling pathway.Conclusion:Through sepsis-related lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA ceRNA network and combining with KEGG pathway analysis, there were several lncRNA and mRNA participating in the ceRNA network related sepsis, which played an important role in several signal pathways.

Objective:To explore the effect of gene polymorphism on workers suffering from noise induced hearing loss (NIHL) .Methods:In May 2019, a case-control study was conducted to select noise exposed workers in five factories in Zhejiang Province from 2017 to 2018. The average hearing threshold of binaural high frequency (3, 4, 6 kHz) was >25 dB (A) as the NIHL group, and the hearing threshold of any language frequency (0.5, 1, 2 kHz) was ≤25 dB (A) as the non NIHL group, with 307 people in each group. The general demographic data, occupational history, pure tone audiometry results and oral swab mucosal samples of noise exposed workers were collected, and the DNA of oral mucosal cells was extracted. The relationship between genetic risk score (GRS) and NIHL was analyzed, single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) were genotyped, the relationship between genotype and NIHL was analyzed by logistic regression, and the relationship between haplotype and NIHL was analyzed by R language.Results:After adjusting for gender, age, education and working years, the risk of NIHL among workers carrying cysteine-aspartic acid protease 3 gene ( CASP3) rs1049216 recessive model GG genotype, rs6948 recessive model TT genotype, NADPH oxidase 3 gene ( NOX3) rs12195525 additive model GT genotype and dominant model TT+GT genotype decreased ( P<0.05) , the risk of disease was higher in workers with AA genotype carrying cysteine-aspartic acid protease 7 gene ( CASP7) rs12415607 additive model ( P<0.05) . There was a strong linkage disequilibrium (LD) relationship between rs1049216 and rs6948 ( D'>0.8) . Haplotype AT and GG composed of rs1049216-rs6948 increased the risk of NIHL ( P<0.05) . The risk of NIHL increased with the increase of GRS ( OR=2.69, P<0.05) . Conclusion:Genotype polymorphisms at rs1049216 and rs6948 ( CASP3) , rs12195525 ( NOX3) , rs12415607 ( CASP7) may be associated with susceptibility to NIHL.

Objective:To explore the effect of gene polymorphism on workers suffering from noise induced hearing loss (NIHL) .Methods:In May 2019, a case-control study was conducted to select noise exposed workers in five factories in Zhejiang Province from 2017 to 2018. The average hearing threshold of binaural high frequency (3, 4, 6 kHz) was >25 dB (A) as the NIHL group, and the hearing threshold of any language frequency (0.5, 1, 2 kHz) was ≤25 dB (A) as the non NIHL group, with 307 people in each group. The general demographic data, occupational history, pure tone audiometry results and oral swab mucosal samples of noise exposed workers were collected, and the DNA of oral mucosal cells was extracted. The relationship between genetic risk score (GRS) and NIHL was analyzed, single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) were genotyped, the relationship between genotype and NIHL was analyzed by logistic regression, and the relationship between haplotype and NIHL was analyzed by R language.Results:After adjusting for gender, age, education and working years, the risk of NIHL among workers carrying cysteine-aspartic acid protease 3 gene ( CASP3) rs1049216 recessive model GG genotype, rs6948 recessive model TT genotype, NADPH oxidase 3 gene ( NOX3) rs12195525 additive model GT genotype and dominant model TT+GT genotype decreased ( P<0.05) , the risk of disease was higher in workers with AA genotype carrying cysteine-aspartic acid protease 7 gene ( CASP7) rs12415607 additive model ( P<0.05) . There was a strong linkage disequilibrium (LD) relationship between rs1049216 and rs6948 ( D'>0.8) . Haplotype AT and GG composed of rs1049216-rs6948 increased the risk of NIHL ( P<0.05) . The risk of NIHL increased with the increase of GRS ( OR=2.69, P<0.05) . Conclusion:Genotype polymorphisms at rs1049216 and rs6948 ( CASP3) , rs12195525 ( NOX3) , rs12415607 ( CASP7) may be associated with susceptibility to NIHL.

Objective: To explore the relationship among self-regulatory focus and depression, anxiety symptoms and suicidal risks of medical college students. Methods: A total of 2 251 freshmen were recruited from a medical university by convenienee sampling methood. A cross-sectional questionnaire survey using Regulatory Focus Questionnaire (RFQ), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI), Beck Hopelessness Scale (BHS), Psychache Scale (PAS), and Suicide Behaviors Questionnaire-Revised (SBQ-R) was conducted. Results: The prevalence rate of freshmen’s depression symptoms was as high as 20.4%, the prevalence rate of anxiety symptoms was 11.2%, and the risk of suicide increased by 5.85 times among students with depression-anxiety comorbid symptoms. Girls reported higher prevention focused scores than boys, as well as higher anxiety symptoms and suicidal risks(t=4.84,2.18,5.57,P<0.05). College students with a prevention focused self-regulation style had significantly higher scores on depression, anxiety symptoms and suicidal risks than those with a promotion focused regulatory style, the effect sizes of the differences were moderate or large (Cohen’s d>0.50). Conclusion Self-regulatory focus plays an important role in emotional health. The pursuit of promotion goals is beneficial to mental health, while the pursuit of prevention goals is more likely to be associated with depression, anxiety symptoms and a higher risk of suicide.