Objective:To validate and compare the value of the Status Epilepticus in Pediatric Severity Score (STEPSS) versus PEDSS in assessing the short-term prognosis of children with status epilepticus (SE).Methods:Clinical data of 152 children with SE hospitalized at the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University from January 2020 to December 2022 were retrospectively analyzed.According to the STEPSS and PEDSS scores, children with SE were scored and their prognosis was predicted.Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves of the 2 scales in assessing the short-term prognosis of SE in children were plotted, and the area under the curve (AUC), optimal cut-off, sensitivity and specificity were calculated, thus validating and comparing the value of the STEPSS versus PEDSS in assessing the short-term prognosis of children with SE.Results:Of the 152 children with SE, 90 were male and 62 were female, with the age of (5.8±3.9) years (1 month to 15 years). There were 112 cases with good prognosis and 40 cases with poor prognosis, involving 13 deaths.The AUC of STEPSS and PEDSS scores in predicting the death in children with SE were 0.908(95% CI: 0.848-0.967) and 0.887(95% CI: 0.831-0.942), respectively, both with the optimal cut-off value of 4.The sensitivity of STEPSS and PEDSS scores in predicting the death in children with SE were 0.740 and 0.846, respectively, and the specificity were 0.745 and 0.835, respectively.There was no significant difference in predicting the death in children with SE between the 2 scales ( P>0.05). In predicting adverse outcomes, the AUC of the STEPSS and PEDSS scores were 0.869(95% CI: 0.800-0.937) and 0.926(95% CI: 0.873-0.979), respectively, both with the optimal cut-off value of 3.The sensitivity of STEPSS and PEDSS scores in predicting adverse outcomes in children with SE were 0.827 and 0.900, respectively, and the specificity were 0.732 and 0.866, respectively.There was significant difference in predicting the adverse outcomes in children with SE between the 2 scales ( P<0.05). Conclusions:Compared with the STEPSS, the PEDSS has a higher application in predicting the short-term treatment outcome of children with SE, which can be used as a routine method to assess the prognosis of children with SE.

Objective:To explore the curative effect of wide pedicled with double-vessel flap of posterior lateral calf in repair of soft tissue defect in hind foot.Methods:From January 2018 to June 2021, 12 patients with soft tissue defects on hind foot were reconstructed with double-vessel flaps pedicled perforator of peroneal artery and sural nerve nutrient vessels in the Department of Trauma Orthopaedics, No.940 Hospital of Chinese People's Liberation Army Joint Service Support Force. The patients were 8 males and 4 females, aged 9-45(27.17±12.14) years old. Time after injury to admission was 6-24(10.17±4.80) hours. Six patients were with simple soft tissue defects, 2 with tendon defects, 3 with bone defects and 1 with postoperative infection due to an open fracture. The sizes of soft tissue defect ranged from 4 cm×5 cm-8 cm×12 cm. Soft tissue defects were reconstructed by transfer of posterolateral calf flaps, and the bone defects were repaired by phase I or phase II bone grafts or antibiotic cement and membrane induction according to the wound surface. For larger bone defects, stage-II bone transport was carried out to restore the length of the hind foot. Defects of Achilles tendon were reconstructed by direct suture or tendon transposition. Foot functions were evaluated by American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Surgery(AOFAS) ankle-posterior sufficient scale, visual analogue scale(VSA) score and flap healing. All patients were included in postoperative follow-up regularly through outpatient clinic or via WeChat.Results:All 12 patients had postoperative follow-up that lasted for 6-24(12.92±6.22) months. One flap developed dark purple colour with swelling at the distal end of the flap 3 days after surgery. It eventually healed after removed some sutures from the pedicle together with blood-letting on the flap surface. Three flaps developed local infection, and they were cured after debridement, dressing change and the use of sensitive antibiotics. The remaining 8 patients had achieved good appearance of flaps and normal ankle function. According to AOFAS, scores of ankle-posterior sufficiency scale increased from 14-45(25.25±5.42) before surgery up to 65-96(75.92±7.73) at the final follow-up. Of the 12 patients, 8 were in excellent, 2 in good and 2 in fair. The VAS scores decreased from 5-8(6.55±1.13) before surgery down to 0-4(1.55±1.37) at the final follow-up. The difference had statistics significance( P<0.01). All patients had satisfactory recovery of ankle function, with the extension at 15-20 degrees and plantar flexion of 30-40 degrees. The donor site healed well and all skin grafts survived. Conclusion:The double-vessel flap pedicled with perforating branch of peroneal artery and nutrient vessels of sural nerve can be used for reconstruction of soft tissue defect of hind foot. It achieved good surgical effects with reliable blood supply, smooth venous return, strong anti-infection ability, satisfactory appearance at donor site and flap itself, as well as a good recovery of foot function.

Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli（ETEC）infection can induce watery diarrhea，leading to dehydration，electrolyte disturbance，and even death in severe cases. Recombinant B subunit/inactivated whole-cell cholera（rBS/WC）vaccine is effective in preventing ETEC infectious diarrhea. On the basis of the latest evidence on etiology and epidemiology of ETEC，as well as the effectiveness，safety，and health economics of rBS/WC vaccine，National Clinical Research Center for Child Health（The Children’s Hospital，Zhejiang University School of Medicine）and Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention invited experts to develop expert consensus on rBS/WC vaccine in prevention of ETEC infectious diarrhea. It aims to provide the clinicians and vaccination professionals with guidelines on using rBS/WC vaccine to reduce the incidence of ETEC infectious diarrhea.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effectiveness of sequential plate internal fixation in the correction of Madelung deformity after ulnar osteotomy and shortening. METHODS: The clinical data of 13 patients with Madelung deformity admitted between September 2015 and July 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. There were 5 males and 8 females with an average age of 18.3 years ranging from 17 to 23 years. The disease duration ranged from 12 to 24 months, with an average of 17 months. Three cases had a clear history of trauma. All patients had external radial deviation deformity and limited movement of the ulnar deviation, and the ulnar impact pain was significant during ulnar deviation movement; 9 patients had limited wrist joint supination movement, and the supination movement was normal. In the first stage, ulnar osteotomy and shortening combined with external fixator were used to correct wrist deformity in 13 patients. After operation, bone transfer was performed 6 times per day, with adjustments made every 4 hours, which was 1 mm per day. After the osteotomy was in place, the ulnar plate internal fixation was performed to reconstruct the ulnar stability in the second stage. The Cooney wrist joint score was used to assess the pain, function, range of motion, flexion and extension range of motion, and grip strength of the wrist joint before operation and before the removal of internal fixator. The subjective feeling and appearance satisfaction of patients were recorded. RESULTS: After the second-stage operation, all the 13 patients were followed up 10-22 months, with an average of 15 months. The deformity of wrist joint disappeared after operation, and the flexion, extension, and ulnar deviation were basically normal. There was no complication such as ulnar impingement sign, nonunion or infection. Wrist function, pain, and range of motion were significantly improved after operation, except for 1 patient who had no significant improvement in rotation and pain. The ulnar internal fixator was removed at 10-18 months after the second-stage operation. The scores of pain, function, range of motion, flexion and extension range of motion, and grip strength in the Cooney wrist score before removal of internal fixator significantly improved when compared with those before operation ( P<0.05). Subjective and appearance satisfaction of patients were excellent in 9 cases, good in 3 cases, and fair in 1 case. CONCLUSION Ulnar osteotomy and shortening with sequential plate internal fixation for correction of Madelung deformity, with mild postoperative pain, can effectively avoid bone nonunion, improve wrist joint function, and have significant effectiveness.
Male ; Female ; Humans ; Adolescent ; Retrospective Studies ; Ulna/surgery* ; Osteochondrodysplasias ; Radius Fractures/surgery* ; Wrist Joint/surgery* ; Osteotomy ; Range of Motion, Articular ; Treatment Outcome

Objective:To investigate the effects of anterolateral wide pedicled double dynamic flap of the calf in repair of soft tissue defects of mid-and forefoot.Methods:From September 2015 to Septemler 2020, 15 cases with severe soft tissue defects of mid-and forefoot were repaired with the anterolateral wide pedicled double dynamic flap of the calf. There were 11 males and 4 females with an average age of 37(range, 22-53)years old. Of the 15 cases, the defects were caused by traffic accident in 6 cases and objects smash in 9 cases. Three cases were simple soft tissue defect, and 12 cases combined with fracture or dislocation and bone defect. The size of soft tissue defects ranged from 4 cm×5 cm to 7 cm×12 cm. All wounds of donor sites were repaired by skin grafting. All patients entered follow-ups at the outpatient clinic or through WeChat. The appearance of flaps and limb recovery were recorded after surgery.Results:All cases followed-up for 6-24 (mean, 16) months. Two days after surgery, 1 case had flap swelling and cyanosis, which was improved after pedicle suture removal and surface bloodletting. The pedicle of the flap was slightly bloated in 4 cases, and the texture and appearance were good in 11 cases. The ankle function of all cases recovered satisfactorily. The ranges of ankle motion were 15°-20° for dorsiflexion and 30°-40° for plantar flexion. The donor site healed well and all the skin grafts survived.Conclusion:The anterolateral wide pedicled double dynamic flap of the calf is one of the ideal flaps for repairing the soft tissue defects of the mid-and forefoot with reliable blood supply, sufficient venous return, simple operation and no require a vascular anastomosis.

Objective:To evaluate the effects of adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) and ADM microparticle on diabetic wound healing.Methods:ADSCs was co-cultured with ADM microparticle in vitro. The models of diabetic nude mice were established by intraperitoneal injection of STZ and the full-thickness skin defects were designed on the back. All 24 diabetic mice were randomly divided into 4 group: experimental groups were transplanted with ADSCs and ADM microparticle and the other groups were transplanted with ADSCs, ADM microparticle and blank control group was set up. On the 7th and 14 th days, the wound healing rate of 3 mice randomly selected from each group was calculated, and the thickness between dermis and epidermis was measured by hematoxylin and eosin staining. The density of neovascularization was measured by immunohistochemical staining. The differences were compared between the groups.Results:Compared to the ADSCs groups, the mice of the experimental groups showed higher cell survival rate. The wound healing rate in the experimental groups was (86.0±2.7)% (7 days) and (98.5±1.1)% (14 days), thicker dermis-epidermis distance was (99.1±1.8) μm (7 days) and (124.3±4.3) μm (14 days) ( P<0.05), and higher density of neovascularization was noted. Conclusions:The transplantation with active ADM microparticle can significantly promote neovascularization and wound healing of diabetic wound.

Objective:To probe into the causes, reconstructive strategies, and repair outcomes of asymmetric eyelid configuration after blepharoplasty.Methods:All 73 patients (14 males and 59 females) with asymmetric double eyelid after blepharoplasty were recruited between July 2013 and June 2018 from Department of Plastic and Burns Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University. The patients aged from 18 years to 42 years with the median age of 27 years. The new double eyelid line was designed pre-operation. Releasing subcutaneous adhesion of upper eyelid entirely, trimming inferior orbicularis oculi, adjusting and comparing the attachment position of bilateral levator aponeurosis were performed during surgery. Patients and surgeons marked the appearance of double eyelid both before and after repair operation, results of which were analyzed by t-test.Results:All 73 patients obtained improved double eyelid with primary healing. During follow-up from 8 to 12 months, repaired double eyelid showed satisfactory configuration with smooth natural double eyelid line and symmetric bilateral double eyelid. Of the 73 patients, 3 (4.1%) complaint rough double eyelid line, for whom re-fixation through small incision were adopted and no complication was observed during follow-up time. Scores by patients and surgeons were both significantly better after surgery.Conclusions:Analyzing the causes of asymmetric eyelid after double-eyelid blepharoplasty and repairing it contribute to aesthetic pleasing reconstructed double eyelid.

Objective To analyze the status of iodine nutrition after implementing new standard of iodized salt in Hubei Province,and to evaluate the effectiveness of prevention and control measures.Methods In 2016,in 103 counties (cities,districts) of Hubei Province,the townships (streets) under the jurisdiction of each county (city,district) were divided into five regions:east,south,west,north,and middle.One township (street) was selected from each region,and one primary school was selected from each township (street).From each primary school 40 children aged 8-10 (half males half females) were selected to collect salt samples from their households.Twenty pregnant women from townships (streets) near the selected schools were chosen to collect edible salt samples from their households.According to the method of population proportionate sampling (PPS),35 counties (cities,districts) were chosen from 103 counties (cities,districts).Thyroid volume of children aged 8-10 was examined,and urinary iodine of children and pregnant women were tested.Iodine nutrition criteria:the median urinary iodine of children ＜ 100 μg/L is iodine deficiency,100-＜ 200 μg/L is iodine appropriate,200-＜ 300 μg/L is iodine overdose,≥300 μg/L is iodine excess;pregnant women urinary iodine median ＜ 150 μg/L is iodine deficiency,150-＜ 250 μg/L is iodine appropriate,250-＜ 500 μg/L is iodine overdose,and ≥ 500 μg/L is iodine excess.Results Totally 30 967 edible salt samples from children's and pregnant women's households were examined,and the median of salt iodine was 23.85 mg/kg.The coverage rate of iodized salt was 99.46％ (30 799/30 967),the consumption rate of qualified iodized salt was 94.00％ (29 108/30 967).Totally 6 789 children aged 8-10 were examined thyroid volume and detected urinary iodine,the goiter rate was 0.85％ (58/6 789) and the median urinary iodine was 263.54 μg/L.Totally 3 348 urine samples of pregnant women were examined,and the median urinary iodine was 166.71 μg/L.Conclusions The salt iodine content of residents and the goiter rate of children in Hubei Province meet the national standard for eliminating iodine deficiency disorders.The iodine nutrition level of children and pregnant women is iodine appropriate or iodine overdose.The iodine nutrition level monitoring of key populations should be continuously strengthened.

Objective To systematically review the correlation between fluoride exposure through drinking water and dental fluorosis of school-age children,and to provide a theoretical basis for further development of prevention strategies against dental fluorosis.Methods Such databases as China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI),WanFang Data,VIP Database and China Biology Medicine Disc (CBM) were searched through computer to find out the relationship between fluoride exposure through dringking water and occurrence of dental fluorosis.The retrieval time was from January 1,2000 to January 1,2018.Meta-analysis was performed using RevMan 5.3.Funnel plot and fail-safe method were used to evaluate publication bias,and these data were analyzed sensitivity with random and fixed effect models.Results Totally 20 literatures entered into this study,79 814 people in fluoride exposure group,and 181 876 people in control group.The meta-analysis showed that,20 literatures were inhomogeneous through the heterogeneity test,which was analyzed in the random effect model,the pooled odds ratio (OR) value and 95％ confidence interval (95％CI) was 4.25 (3.66-4.94),which suggested that the risk of dental fluorosis in the fluoride exposure group was 4.25 times higher than that in control group.Funnel plot was asymmetrical,the fail-safe number was 47 791.56,which was 2 389.6 (47 792/20) times higher than included literatures.Literatures publication bias was small,sensitivity analysis revealed that the results were basically reliable.Conclusion Excessive fluoride exposure through dringking water could be one of the main risk factors leading to dental fluorosis.