Objective:To explore the clinical characteristics and related socio-demographic factors of schizo-phrenia patients with different ages of onset.Methods:Totally 2 016 patients with schizophrenia aged 15 to 70 were selected according to the diagnostic criteria for schizophrenia in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders,Fifth Edition.All of the patients were interviewed by psychiatrists using the Mini International Neuropsy-chiatric Interview to diagnose schizophrenia,Clinical-Rated Dimensions of Psychosis Symptom Severity(CRDPSS)and the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale(PANSS)to assess symptoms.The cut-off points were 18 and 25 years old for three age groups,i.e.early onset(EOS),youth onset(YOS)and adult onset(AOS).Statistical analy-ses were performed by analysis of variance Pearson correlation analysis,and multivariate linear regression.Results:The early-onset patients had the highest total PANSS score(73.8±28.0)and CRDPSS score(11.7±5.4).Fe-male gender,high education level,Han ethnicity,early onset age,and slower onset of illness were negatively corre-lated with the total and dimension score of PANSS scale and CRDPSS scale(standardized regression coefficient:0.04-0.47),and income level and smoking were negatively correlated with those score(standardized regression coefficient:-0.04--0.14).Conclusion:Early-onset schizophrenia patients have more severe symptoms,and fe-male,high education level,early-onset disease,and chronic onset are the risk factors of symptom severity in patients with schizophrenia.

Objective:To describe the prevalence of anxiety symptom and personality disorder among medical aesthetic clients,and explore related factors of anxiety symptoms among them.Methods:Totally 788 clients who consulted in a cosmetic plastic surgery department were recruited in a tertiary hospital in Beijing from November 2021 to July 2023.Using the Personality Diagnostic Questionnaire-4(PDQ-4)and the Self-Rating Anxiety Scale(SAS)as assessment instruments,with a cutoff point of 42 and 50 points respectively,for screening out personality disorder and anxiety symptom.Statistical analysis was conducted by analysis of variance,chi-square tests,multivari-ate linear regression and logistic regression.Results:The rate of anxiety symptom among the medical aesthetic cli-ents was of 15.23％(120/788),and the prevalence of personality disorder was 3.50％(28/788).Age was nega-tively associated with SAS scores(β=-0.82,P=0.009),PDQ-4 score was positively associated with SAS score(β=0.15,P＜0.001),eye plastic surgery,facial contouring and minimally invasive plastic surgery were positively associated with SAS score(β=2.00-3.64,P＜0.05).Conclusion:The younger and the more prominent the per-sonality dysfunction the clients are,the severer anxiety symptom they have.The clients who consult for eye plastic surgery,facial contouring,and minimally invasive plastic surgery have severer anxiety symptom.

The development and application of processing technology is closely related to the quality of Chinese medicine. Currently， Chinese medicine processing is still in the mechanization stage with limited processing equipment， low levels of automation and intelligence. As a result， the imprecise control of parameters during processing leads to unstable quality of Chinese herbal pieces. However， with the arrival of the big data era and the continuous development of "Internet+"， Chinese medicine processing technology and equipment have been continuously improved and updated， and gradually shifted to the development direction of automation and intelligence. The linkage production technology of Chinese herbal pieces optimizes the separate processing equipment coupling into the production line for continuous manufacture of Chinese herbal pieces， intending to improve production efficiency. The large-scale industrialized production of Chinese herbal pieces tends towards digital technology of processing experience and online inspection technology based on machine vision， electronic nose， and electronic tongue. These technologies are crucial prerequisites for standardizing the parameters of Chinese medicine processing. And further by docking the processing process and equipment with the internet， realizing the intelligent control of the production process is an important process for the transformation and upgrading of Chinese herbal piece industry in the future. In this paper， we summarized the development characteristics of different stages of Chinese medicine processing technology， combed application and development of processing theory， the evolution of processing equipment， and problems in the current industrial development stage of Chinese medicine processing， in order to provide ideas and methods for achieving digital and intelligent innovation of processing technology as well as high-efficient and high-quality production of Chinese herbal pieces.

Objective:To describe the detail sampling design,weighting,instruments,filed procedures and quality control methods of the epidemiological survey on dementia among community residents in Tongliao City.Methods:A three-stage disproportionate probability sampling design was used to investigate the inhabitants aged 65 years and over in Tongliao City,Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region.The 10/66 Dementia Research Group(10/66 DRG)assessment instruments were used to diagnose dementia,using computer-assisted personal interview mode in the selected older people.Comprehensive quality control methods were implemented throughout the field-work.Results:A total of 166 villages or communities were sampled from nine counties or districts in Tongliao Cit-y.Totally 4 345 older people were interviewed with 96.2％response rate.By calculating sampling design weights,non-response adjustment weights and post-stratification adjustment weights,these weights were multiplied and per-formed trimming adjustment and standardization adjustment to generate final weights.The 171 interviewers were well-trained and qualified to carry out filed interview.Quality control methods included computer data check,audio record check,and telephone check in order to ensure the quality of the survey.Conclusion:This survey is imple-mented using a rigorous sampling design and timely quality control methods,and uses the 10/66 DRG assessment instruments with satisfactory international validity and reliability as survey instruments,which has international cross-cultural comparability.It provides a valid and feasible methodology of epidemiological survey on dementia for further studies in different regions in China.

Pathological dry skin is a disturbing and intractable healthcare burden,characterized by epithelial hy-perplasia and severe itch.Atopic dermatitis(AD)and psoriasis models with complications of dry skin have been studied using single-cell RNA sequencing(scRNA-seq).However,scRNA-seq analysis of the dry skin mouse model(acetone/ether/water(AEW)-treated model)is still lacking.Here,we used scRNA-seq and in situ hybridization to identify a novel proliferative basal cell(PBC)state that exclusively expresses transcription factor CUT-like homeobox 1(Cux1).Further in vitro study demonstrated that Cux1 is vital for keratinocyte proliferation by regulating a series of cyclin-dependent kinases(CDKs)and cyclins.Clinically,Cux1+PBCs were increased in patients with psoriasis,suggesting that Cux1+ PBCs play an important part in epidermal hyperplasia.This study presents a systematic knowledge of the tran-scriptomic changes in a chronic dry skin mouse model,as well as a potential therapeutic target against dry skin-related dermatoses.

Objective: To explore the ideal sagittal position of the lower third of the face in high-angle patients with different forehead forms and to provide a reference for clinical treatment. Methods: Informed consent and portrait authorization were obtained from all patients, and the study passed the ethical review of the unit. We categorized forehead forms into four types: straight, rounded, type I angular (angled at the middle third of the forehead) and type II angular (angled at the upper third of the forehead). Profiles of high-angle patients with different forehead forms were collected. The initial position was when the facial axis point (FA point) was positioned at the goal anterior-limit line (GALL). After being silhouetted, the lower third of the face was moved forward and backward by 1 mm, 2 mm, 3 mm, and 4 mm each, plus the initial silhouetted picture, to obtain 9 images for each patient. A survey was created with these lateral profile silhouettes, and the silhouette images were ranked by 30 orthodontists and 30 laypersons. Results: There were significant differences in profile scores at different movement distances of the lower third of the face among high-angle patients with different forehead shapes (P<0.05). Overall, high-angle patients with straight or type II angular foreheads had higher scores when the lower third of the face did not move. For high-angle patients with a rounded forehead, orthodontists and laypersons gave the highest scores when the lower third of the face was moved backward by 2 mm and 4 mm, respectively. For high-angle patients with a type I angular forehead, orthodontists thought the scores of backward movement of 4 mm were the highest, and laypersons thought the scores of backward movement of 3 mm were the highest. No significant difference was found in scores between orthodontists and laypersons (P>0.05). Conclusion The forehead forms and the sagittal position of the lower third of the face will affect the face’s profile aesthetics. Patients with straight and type Ⅱ angular foreheads has the best profile when the FA point is located on the GALL line. For patients with rounded and type Ⅰ angular foreheads, a posterior location of the lower third of the face is more desirable than the initial position.

Objective:To explore the effect of flipped classroom combined with scenario simulation in the teaching reform on four basic medical puncture techniques of clinical skills training.Methods:A total of 1 275 students majoring in five-year clinical medicine in Guangzhou Medical University were enrolled in the study. The control group (647 cases from Batch 2015) were given the traditional teaching pattern and the experimental group (628 cases from Batch 2016) adopted flipped classroom combined with scenario simulation. At the end of the course, the performance in the tests of four basic medical puncture techniques in the objective structured clinical examination (OSCE) of the two groups were compared. The feedback and evaluation of this teaching mode in the experimental group were investigated by questionnaires. SPSS 19.0 was used for independent samples t test. Results:All the scores of the tests of four basic medical puncture techniques in the experimental group were significantly higher than those in the control group: abdominocentesis [(87.89±7.13) vs. (82.60±10.74) points], thoracocentesis [(85.20±7.39) vs. (81.96±7.76) points], bone marrow aspiration [(88.13±6.00) vs. (83.50±9.63) points], and lumbar puncture [(91.91±7.19) vs. (80.74±12.20) points], with significant differences ( P<0.001). The results about the feedback and evaluation in the experimental group showed that the students gave an average score of 8.4 points to their satisfaction with the new teaching mode. The approval rates of the teaching effect evaluation items such as teaching arrangement, improving learning ability, improving clinical practice ability and school promotion were higher than 90.0%. Conclusion:Flipped classroom combined with scenario simulation, which is worthy to be popularized, can not only improve the students' performance in the tests of four basic medical puncture techniques in the OCSE, but also improve teaching satisfaction and teaching effect.

Objective To evaluate the clinical value of 3D reconstruction in the single utility-port thoracoscopic segmentectomy of early stage NSCLC by propensity score matching (PSM). Methods We retrospectively analyzed clinical data of 150 early stage NSCLC patients undergoing single utility-port thoracoscopic segmentectomy. The patients were divided into reconstruction group (n=58) and non-reconstruction group (n=92) according to 3D reconstruction. PSM was performed on two groups to compare perioperative outcomes. Results Procedures were successfully completed on all patients, without perioperative death. In each group, 43 patients were successfully matched after PSM on the basis of 8 confounding factors, age, gender, smoking status, BMI, maximum tumor diameter on CT, tumor location, % FEV1 and type of planned segmentectomy. After PSM, in complex segmentectomy, the patients in the reconstruction group had shorter operation time (155.77±30.17 vs. 212.94±66.49min, P < 0.001) and less blood loss (46.00±25.94 vs. 88.79±68.36ml, P=0.002), compared with the non- reconstruction group. Conclusion Preoperative 3D reconstruction could help improve the efficiency of single utility-port thoracoscopic surgery for complex segmentectomy and reduce intraoperative bleeding.

Objective:To develop and validate a nomogram for predicting the 1-and 3-year survival rates of patients receiving peritoneal dialysis.Methods:Patients who underwent peritoneal dialysis for the first time in Zhujiang hospital from January 1, 2010 to December 31, 2017 were enrolled. The patients from January 1, 2014 to December 31, 2017 were enrolled in a training dataset. Baseline clinical data were collected and the primary endpoint was all-cause death. Cox proportional hazard regression models were used to analyze risk factors affecting the survival rates. Nomograms were generated using the R rms package. The Harrell' concordance index (C-index), receiver operating characteristic curve and calibration curve were used to verify the performance of the model. Patients who underwent peritoneal dialysis from January 1, 2010 to December 31, 2013 were then selected to validate the external predictive accuracy of the prediction models.Results:The prediction cohort enrolled 457 patients, with a median follow-up time of 27.67(18.37, 39.22) months, and 64 patients (14.00%) died during follow-up. The 1-and 3-year cumulative survival rates were 96.4% and 83.0%. Multivariate analysis showed that aging (every 1 year old increase, HR=1.07, 95% CI 1.04-1.09, P<0.001), stroke ( HR=3.63, 95% CI 1.93-6.85, P<0.001), higher cholesterol (every 1 mmol/L increase, HR=1.51, 95% CI 1.20-1.89, P<0.001), higher neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (every 1 increase, HR=1.12, 95% CI 1.05-1.20, P=0.001), and lower albumin ( HR=0.89, 95% CI 0.82-0.95, P=0.001) were independent risk factors affecting the survival rates of PD patients. The C-index of the prediction cohort and the validation cohort were 0.815(95% CI 0.765-0.865) and 0.804(95% CI 0.744-0.864, respectively). Both internally and externally verified calibration curves showed that the predicted results were close to the actual survival rates. Conclusion:Based on age, blood total cholesterol level, stroke history, and NLR, the prognosis prediction model of peritoneal dialysis patients established with nomogram can help predict the 1-year and 3-year survival rates of peritoneal dialysis patients.

Objective: To investigate the effect of over-expression of paired related homoeobox 1 (PRRX1) on apoptosis of hepatocellular carcinoma SMMC7721 cells, and to explore its detailed mechanism. Methods： ：Lentivirus-mediated PRRX1 over-expression vector (pGMLV-PRRX1) and empty vector (Vector) were respectively infected into SMMC7721 cells, and the mRNA and protein expression levels of PRRX1 in infected cells were detected by qPCR and WB. The effect of PRRX1 over-expression on the cell proliferation and apoptosis of SMMC7721 cells were assessed by CCK-8 assay and Annexin-V FITC/PI double staining flow cytometry assay, respectively. The change of mitochondrial membrane potential of SMMC7721 cells was detected by mitochondrial membrane potential assay kit (JC-10 staining assay). The enzymatic activities of caspase-8 and caspase-9 in infected cells were detected by using caspase activity assay kit (spectrophotometric method). The protein expression levels of p53, Bcl-2, Bax, Fas, Cleaved-caspase-3 and Cty C expressed in mitochondria and cytosol were evaluated by WB. Results： ：PRRX1 over-expressed SMMC7721 cell line was successfully constructed, and the protein and mRNA expression levels of PRRX1 were significantly increased in lentivirus infected cells (all P< 0.01). Compared with control group and vector group, over-expression of PRRX1 significantly inhibited cell proliferation, weakened mitochondrial membrane potential, but increased the rate of apoptosis, elevated the shear level of caspase-3, promoted the release of Cyt C protein from mitochondrial into cytosol and increased the enzymatic activity of caspase-9 (all P<0.05 or P<0.01). In addition, over-expression of PRRX1 also promoted the protein expressions of p53 and Bax but inhibited the protein expression of Bcl-2 (all P< 0.05 or P<0.01); however,it had no significant effect on the expression of Fas protein and the enzymatic activity of caspase-8 (all P＞ 0.05). Conclusion： ：Over-expression of PRRX1 induces apoptosis in hepatocellular carcinoma SMMC7721 cells, which may be related to the activation of p53-mediated mitochondrial apoptotic pathway