Objective: To explore the correlation between traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) constitution and depressive symptom among school aged children and adolescents, so as to provide evidences for informing constitution based regulation and prevention of depressive symptom. Methods: From June to December 2024, a total of 4 729 students aged 6-14 were recruited by cluster random sampling from 10 primary schools in Baoding (Hebei Province), Heze and Liaocheng (Shandong Province). General information, TCM constitution and depressive symptom were collected. Restricted cubic spline (RCS) models were used to analyze related factors and threshold effects of depressive symptom. Binary Logistic regression was applied to examine the association between depressive symptom and TCM constitution, with subgroup analyses conducted. Results: The detection rate of depressive symptom among the included children and adolescents was 25.82%. RCS analyses indicated non linear associations between depressive symptom and age (inflection point at 10 years old), bedtime (inflection point at 22:00), and wake up time (inflection point at 6:30 ) (all P non linearity <0.01). Linear associations were observed with body mass index (BMI) and sleep duration (all P non linearity > 0.05 ). After adjusting for covariates such as age, BMI and sleep status, binary Logistic regression analyses showed that Yin deficient constitution ( OR =1.26, 95% CI =1.09-1.45) and Phlegm-dampness constitution ( OR =1.42, 95% CI =1.11-1.82) were significantly associated with depressive symptom among children and adolescents (all P <0.05). Conclusions Depressive symptom among school aged children and adolescents is primarily associated with Yin deficiency and Phlegm dampness constitutions in TCM constitution. Active attention should be paid to susceptible TCM constitution among children and adolescents. Targeted health guidance and interventions should be implemented to improve TCM constitution health status for preventing the occurrence of depressive symptom.

ObjectiveTo explore the mechanism and pathway of Gandou Fumu decoction （GDFMD） in the development of liver fibrosis in Wilson's disease （WD）. MethodFirst， 30 TX-j mice were randomly divided into the model group， high-dose， medium-dose， and low-dose GDFMD groups， and penicillamine group， with six mice in each group， and another six wild-type mice were used as the normal group. The high-dose， medium-dose， and low-dose GDFMD groups were intragastrically administered drugs of 13.92， 6.96， 3.48 g·kg^-1. In the penicillamine group， 0.1 g·kg^-1 of penicillamine was given by intragastric administration. The model group and the normal group were given equal volume of normal saline， once a day， for four consecutive weeks. Samples were collected four weeks after gavage， and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA） was used to detect type Ⅲ procollagen peptide （PCⅢ）， collagen type Ⅳ （Col Ⅳ）， hyaluronic acid （HA）， and laminin （LN）. Hematoxylin-eosin （HE）， Masson， and picric acid-Sirus red collagen （Sirus Red） staining were used to observe the histopathological changes of liver fibrosis. Real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction （Real-time PCR）， immunohistochemistry， and Western blot were used to observe the expressions of α-smooth muscle actin （α-SMA） and collagen type Ⅰ （Col Ⅰ）， which were related to the activation of hepatic stellate cells （HSCs）. The expression of miR-29b-3p was observed by Real-time PCR. The expression of Unc-51-like kinase 1 （ULK1） and its downstream-related factors were observed by Western blot. The downstream genes of miR-29b-3p were verified by the dual luciferase reporter gene detection method. ResultCompared with the normal group， the four items of liver fibrosis （PCⅢ， Col Ⅳ， HA， and LN） in the model group were significantly abnormal （P<0.01）， and the pathology was significantly abnormal. The expression of HSC activation-related indicators including α-SMA and Col Ⅰ， as well as α-SMA mRNA and Col Ⅰ mRNA was up-regulated （P<0.05， P<0.01）， and miR-29b-3p expression was down-regulated （P<0.01）. ULK1， p-ULK1， autophagy-related gene 13 （Atg13）， p-Atg13， Beclin-1， FAK family kinase-interacting protein of 200 kDa （FIP200）， activating molecule in BECN1-regulated autophagy protein 1 （AMBKA1）， and microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3Ⅱ/Ⅰ（LC3Ⅱ/Ⅰ） were up-regulated （P<0.05， P<0.01）. p62 protein expression was down-regulated （P<0.01）. Compared with the model group， the four items of liver fibrosis in the high-dose， medium-dose， and low-dose GDFMD groups and the penicillamine group were significantly improve （P<0.01）， and the pathological conditions were improved. The expression of HSC activation-related indicators including α-SMA and Col Ⅰ， as well as α-SMA mRNA and Col Ⅰ mRNA was down-regulated （P<0.05， P<0.01）， and the expression of miR-29b-3p was up-regulated （P<0.01）. ULK1， p-ULK1， Atg13， p-Atg13， Beclin-1， FIP200， AMBKA1， and LC3Ⅱ/Ⅰ were down-regulated （P<0.05， P<0.01）， and p62 protein expression was up-regulated （P<0.01）. The prediction software predicted that there was a binding site between miR-29b-3p and ULK1. The dual-luciferase reporter gene detection method indicated that the luciferase activity of the ULK1-WT plasmid-transfected cell group was reduced when miR-29b-3p mimics were co-cultured （P<0.01）. ConclusionGDFMD can regulate ULK1-mediated autophagy by up-regulating miR-29b-3p and further exert its anti-hepatic fibrosis effect in Wilson's disease.

The irrational use of Chinese patent medicines （CPM） is becoming more and more prominent， which makes the demand for clinical practice guidelines of CPM gradually increase. In order to make domestic scholars understand the latest developments and existing problems of the CPM guidelines， and promote its development， this paper introduced the concept of CPM guidelines， summarized the characteristics of the two development modes， namely “taking CPM as the key” and “taking disease/syndrome as the key”， and analyzed the current methodological status of developing and reporting CPM guidelines. Based on the existed problems， three suggestions have been put forward to optimize the quality of CPM guidelines， which were clarifying the target users and scope of CPM guidelines， establishing an open and transparent mechanism of the personnel involvement and process steps， and formulating implementable and operable recommendations for the use of CPM.

The identification of clinical questions for clinical practice guidelines of Chinese patent medicine （CPM） is important for subsequent evidence retrieval， evaluation of evidence quality， formation of recommendations. This paper described a methodological proposal for the identification of clinical questions for CPM guidelines to highlight the characteristics of Chinese patent medicine and reflect its effect in specific stage of the disease. Considering four aspects， namely， the drug of Chinese patent medicine （D）， the specific disease stage （S）， comparison （C）， and specific outcome （O）， DSCO framework has been proposed to formulate the clinical questions. Multi-source information through scientific research， policy or standard documents， and clinical data are suggested for collecting clinical questions， and clear selection criteria should be set to finalize the clinical questions to be addressed by the guideline. In addition， the above process needs to be transparently and publicly reported in order to ensure the clarity and completeness of the guidelines.

Objective: To investigate the inhibitory effect of curcumin(Cur) on IL-1β-induced cartilage damage and to study the relationship between the regulatory mechanisms of the DUSP1/p38 MAPK signalling pathway in the above process. Methods: Chondrocytes(C28/I2) and postoperative primary chondrocytes from osteoarthritis patients were divided into control and experimental groups, and the experimental group was treated with different concentrations of Cur(0, 10, 20, 40, 60, 80 μmol/L) after applying the inflammatory induction treatment with IL-1β(10 μg/L). The cell proliferation inhibition rate was determined by cell viability assay(CCK-8), the apoptosis rate was detected by flow cytometry assay. Real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR(qRT-PCR), Western blot, and immunofluorescence assay were used to detect type II collagen α1 chain(Collagen Ⅱ), matrix metallopeptidase 13(MMP13), interleukin-1β(IL-1β), BCL2-related X protein(Bax), B lymphocytoma-2(Bcl-2), dual-specificity phosphatase 1(DUSP1), p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase(p38), and phosphorylated p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase(p-p38) RNA and protein expression levels. The role of the DUSP1/p38 MAPK axis in the inhibition of chondrocyte oxidative stress, apoptosis and inflammation by Cur was further validated using DUSP1 interfering RNA and p38 MAPK pathway inhibitor(SB). Results: Cur significantly inhibited the IL-1β-induced decrease in chondrocyte viability and significantly reduced the levels of oxidative stress, apoptosis, and inflammation in chondrocytes; Cur inhibited the expression of MMP13, IL-1β, Bax, and p-p38 proteins, while the expression of Collagen II, Bcl-2, and DUSP1 proteins significantly increased; IL-1β and interfering RNA silencing DUSP1 activated the p38 pathway, while Cur inhibited the activation of the p38 pathway; the use of p38 MAPK pathway inhibitors reduced cellular inflammation. Conclusion Cur attenuates IL-1β-induced oxidative stress, apoptosis and inflammation in chondrocytes by promoting the expression of DUSP1 protein and inhibiting the activation of p38 MAPK pathway.

Vascular cognitive impairment (VCI) denotes a wide range of cognitive deficiencies resulting from cerebrovascular risk factors and cerebrovascular diseases. Sirtuin 1 (SIRT1), as a deacetylase, can mediate the deacetylation of histones and non-histone proteins. It is involved in regulating multiple pathophysiological processes of VCI, including neuroinflammation reduction, oxidative stress inhibition, cell apoptosis decrease, and blood-brain barrier protection, serving as a target for VCI treatment. This paper summarizes SIRT1 and the molecular mechanisms of targeting SIRT1 in order to provide a reference for the clinical treatment of VCI.

Objective To explore the mechanism of dendrobine in the treatment of diabetic kidney disease(DKD)by intervening immunity using network pharmacology,bioinformatics and Western blot.Methods The targets of dendrobine were screened by Pharmmaper,Superpred and other databases.The disease targets of DKD were screened from GeneCards,OMIM and other databases.The immune-related targets were searched in Immport,In-nateDB and other databases.The intersection of the above three was obtained via Venn diagram.The PPI map of intersection targets was constructed by STRING software combined with Cytoscape software,and the core targets in the interaction network were mined by CytoHubba plug-in.The data set GSE142025 was obtained from GEO,and immune infiltration and WGCNA analysis were performed using the R language CIBERSORT package.GSE1009,GSE30122 and GSE142025 were used for gene differential expression analysis and ROC verification.The correla-tion between core targets and immune cell phenotype was analyzed.Molecular docking and molecular dynamics sim-ulation analysis were used to test the binding force of dendrobine to key targets.Western blot was used to detect the expression of HSP90AA1 in HK-2 cells.Results A total of 128 intersecting genes,including HSP90AA1,LCK and EGFR,were obtained,and the core targets involved HSP90AA1,LCK and STAT3;molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulation analyses showed that the protein of HSP90AA1 could bind well with dendrobine.Western blot experiments showed that compared with the control group,HSP90AA1 was significantly down-regula-ted in the high glucose group.Compared with the high glucose group,HSP90AA1 was significantly up-regulated in the dendrobine group.Conclusion Dendrobine can intervene in diabetic kidney disease by regulating the expres-sion of HSP90AA1.

Objective:To explore the optimal ratio of dihydrotestosterone and hydroxyflutamide (hereinafter referred to as DH), construct a dual release system of androgen and its antagonist, and analyze the application effect of this system in the repair of full-thickness burn wounds in mice.Methods:This study was an experimental study. The HaCaT cells were divided into blank group (without drug culture), low baseline group, medium baseline group, and high baseline group according to the random number table (the same grouping method below), and the last three groups of cells were cultured by adding three different ratios of DH. Under a medium ratio, the mass of dihydrotestosterone in the three baseline groups from low to high was 1.4, 2.8, and 4.0 μg, respectively, and the mass of hydroxyflutamide was 1.2, 1.6, and 2.0 μg, respectively. On this basis, under a small ratio, the mass of dihydrotestosterone was reduced by half and the mass of hydroxyflutamide was increased by half; under a large ratio, the mass of dihydrotestosterone was increased by half and the mass of hydroxyflutamide was reduced by half. After culture of 2 days, the cell proliferation level was detected by cell counting kit 8 ( n=4). Sixteen 6-8-week-old male BALB/c mice were used to establish a full-thickness burn wound on the back and divided into blank group, small ratio group, medium ratio group, and large ratio group, with 4 mice in each group. On post injury day (PID) 7, normal saline containing different ratios of DH was locally dropped to the wounds of mice in the last three groups of mice (the total mass of DH in the three ratio groups from small to large was 127.5, 165.0, and 202.5 μg, respectively, and the mass ratios of dihydrotestosterone to hydroxyflutamide (hereinafter referred to as drug mass ratio) were 8∶9, 8∶3, and 8∶1, respectively), afterwards, the administration was repeated every 48 hours until PID 27; normal saline was dropped to the wound of mice in blank group at the aforementioned time points. The wound healing status on PID 0 (immediately), 7, 14, 21, and 28 was observed, and the wound healing rates on PID 7, 14, 21, and 28 were calculated ( n=4). On PID 28, the wound tissue was taken, which was stained with hematoxylin and eosin for observing re-epithelialization and with Masson for observing collagen fibers, and the proportion of collagen fibers was analyzed ( n=3). Twenty 6-8-week-old male BALB/c mice were used to establish a full-thickness burn wound on the back and divided into ordinary scaffold group, small proportion scaffold group, medium proportion scaffold group, and large proportion scaffold group (with 5 mice in each group). On PID 7, the wound was continuously dressed with a polycaprolactone scaffold without drug and a polycaprolactone scaffold containing DH with a drug mass ratio of 1∶3, 1∶1, or 3∶1 (i.e. the dual release system of androgen and its antagonist, with total mass of DH being about 1.7 mg) prepared by using electrospinning technology until the end of the experiment. Histopathological analyses of tissue ( n=3) at the same time points as those in the previous animal experiment were performed. On PID 7 and 14, the wound exudates were collected and the relative abundance of bacterial communities was analyzed using 16S ribosomal RNA high-throughput sequencing ( n=3). Results:After culture of 2 days, under a small ratio, the proliferation levels of HaCaT cells in low baseline group and high baseline group were significantly higher than the level in blank group ( P<0.05). As the time after injury prolonged, the wounds of all four groups of mice continued to shrink. On PID 14, the wound healing rate of mice in large ratio group was 72.5% (61.7%, 75.1%), which was close to 53.3% (49.5%, 64.4%) in blank group ( P>0.05); the wound healing rates of mice in small and medium ratio groups were 74.2% (71.0%, 84.2%) and 70.4% (65.1%, 74.4%), respectively, which were significantly higher than the rate in blank group (with both Z values being -2.31, P<0.05). On PID 21, the wound healing rate of mice in small ratio group was significantly higher than that in blank group ( Z=-2.31, P<0.05). On PID 28, the wounds of mice in the three ratio groups were completely re-epithelialized and the epidermis was thicker than that in blank group; compared with that in blank group, the collagen fiber content in the wound tissue of mice in the three ratio groups was higher and arranged more orderly, and the proportions of collagen fibers in the wound tissue of mice in small and large ratio groups were significantly increased ( P<0.05). On PID 28, the wounds of mice in ordinary scaffold group were partially epithelialized, while the wounds of mice in the three proportion scaffold groups were almost completely epithelialized. Among them, the wounds of mice in small proportion scaffold group had the thickest epidermis. The proportion of collagen fibers in the wound tissue of mice in small proportion scaffold group was significantly increased compared with that in ordinary scaffold group ( P<0.05). On PID 7, the bacterial communities with high relative abundance in the wound exudation of mice in the four groups included bacteria of Corynebacterium, Staphylococcus, and Rhodococcus. On PID 14, the bacterial communities with high relative abundance in the wound exudation of mice in the four groups included bacteria of Stenotrophomonas, Rhodococcus, and Staphylococcus, and the number of bacterial species in the wound exudation of mice in the three proportion scaffold groups was more than that in ordinary scaffold group. Conclusions:When the drug mass ratio is relatively small, DH has the effect of promoting the proliferation of HaCaT cells. The ratio of 8∶9 is the optimal mass ratio of dihydrotestosterone to hydroxyflutamide, and DH with this mass ratio can promote re-epithelialization and collagen deposition of full-thickness burn wounds in mice, and promote wound healing. The constructed dual release system of androgen and its antagonist with DH in a 1∶3 drug mass ratio contributes to the re-epithelialization and collagen deposition of the full-thickness burn wounds in mice, and can improve the diversity of wound microbiota.

Allergic diseases are non-infectious diseases that can affect multiple systems and require early diagnosis，early treatment and standardized management.Anaphylaxis is a systemic allergic syndrome,which is one of the most critical conditions among allergic diseases.Insufficient first-line treatment can increase the risk of poor prognosis.Anaphylactic reactions can occur repeatedly without specialist long-term management，which seriously affecting the quality of life in children and their families.This review intended to explore the long-term management of anaphylaxis in children under the background of hierarchical policy，aiming to quickly identify anaphylaxis “first diagnosis in community grass-root units” so as to implement rapid treatment to prevent the disease from worsening and reduce the fatality rate，and through “dual referral”,“divide-and-conquer management”,and “vertical linkage” aiming to prevent and avoid the recurrence of anaphylaxis.

Objective To explore the characteristics of response inhibition of military university students during multitasking operation. Methods Repeated measures of ANOVA as well as distribution test were employed to explore how the performance of 127 military university students in Go/No-Go test was affected by simulated driving task. Results The test results of 127 participants showed that there was a interaction between the interference task and the Go trial proportion on the hit rate and false alarm rate,that is,no significant difference was observed between the 60％ and 40％ of trial proportion without interference task (both P>0.05),but the hit rate and false alarm rate in the 60％ trial proportion condition were significantly higher than those in the 40％ trial proportion condition under interference task (both P<0.01).In addition,significant main effects of interference task were observed on hit rate,false alarm rate,and discrimination index d' (all P<0.01),that is,the interference task reduced the hit rate and discrimination,but increased the false alarm rate.Moreover,individual differences existed in the discrimination index d' changes,and the participants were divided into easily disturbed group (n=23,18.11％),undisturbed group (n=20,15.75％),and intermediate group (n=84,66.14％) by adding or subtracting 1 standard deviation from the mean of the difference. Conclusion The interference tasks increase the psychological load of military university students during multitasking operation,and impair the response inhibition;and individual differences exist in response inhibition.