1.Perspectives on Colorectal Cancer Screening in A Multiethnic Population in Kuala Lumpur using the Health Belief Model: A Qualitative Study
Nur Suhada Ramli ; Azmawati Mohammed Nawi ; Mohd Rohaizat Hassan ; Faiz Daud ; Noor Azimah Muhammad ; Wong Zhiqin ; Muhamad Izwan Ismail ; Emma Mirza Wati Mohamad ; Arina Anis Azlan
International Journal of Public Health Research 2025;15(1):2046-2057
		                        		
		                        			
		                        			Colorectal  cancer  (CRC)  carries  a  significant  burden  in  most  world  regions.  However,  its  screening  uptake  remains  low.  This  study  aimed  to  explore  awareness  and  perspectives  on  CRC  screening  program  in  a  multiethnic  population and their preference for CRC screening decision aid. In-depth  interviews  were  conducted  until  data  saturation  was  reached.  All  interviews  were  audiotaped,  transcribed  verbatim,  translated  to  English  and  analysed  thematically  using  hybrid  inductive  and  deductive  approaches.  17  informants from three main ethnic groups (Malay, Chinese and Indian) with various levels of risk for developing CRC were recruited. Awareness  on  CRC  screening  program  was  found  to  be  low.  Majority  of  informants  never  heard  of  CRC  screening  program.  Among  11  eligible  informants, only five experienced CRC screening uptake. Thematic analysis of  the  transcripts  yielded  six  major  themes;  knowledge  on  CRC,  screening  process, authority’s role, curability, willingness to screening and preference for decision aid, and theywere mapped onto the Health Belief Model. Specific multiethnic  perspectives  found  included  preference  for  traditional  medicine coming from all ethnics, and reliance in God coming from Malay informants. Majority preferred short videos as CRC screening decision aid, in the form of animation and live-action screenplay. Exploration  of  perspective  of  CRC  screening  helps  in  producing  impactful  decision  aids.  Future  efforts  should  focus  on  developing  short  videos  that  incorporate   population’s   perspectives   and   can   be   disseminated   through   electronic media.
		                        		
		                        		
		                        		
		                        	
            
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