1.The use of magnetic resonance phase-contrast cine in Chiari malformation with syringomyelia
Goh Chin Hwee ; Mohammad Radzi Hamzah ; Regunath Kandasamy ; Abdul Rahman Izaini Ghani ; Wong Sii Hieng ; Zamzuri Idris ; Jafri Malin Abdullah
The Medical Journal of Malaysia 2020;75(6):666-671
		                        		
		                        			
		                        			mesodermal   origin   and   is   commonly   associated   withsyringomyelia.   Foramen   magnum   decompression   is   thefirst-line of standard treatment in symptomatic patients witha confirmed radiographic diagnosis. Magnetic resonance(MR) cine allows accurate evaluation of cerebrospinal fluid(CSF) physiology at the craniovertebral junction but oftenthis is under-utilised in Malaysia. Methods: In this series, we looked into nine cases of CM withsyringomyelia   from   clinical   and   radiological   perspectivebefore and after surgery. The radiological parameters wereherniated tonsillar length, syrinx: cord ratio, syrinx lengthand diameter. Flow velocity and morphologic changes inChiari were illustrated. Results: Seven patients showed either reduction in syrinxlength, syrinx: cord ratio or both postoperatively. Clinicalrecovery somewhat varied in motor and sensory symptoms.Four patients gained better functional grade in modifiedRankin scale (MRS) while the rest remained similar. Thestudy highlighted the advantage of CSF flow dynamicsinformation over MR anatomical radiographic improvementin addressing the neurologic and functional recovery. Wealso   discussed   the   practicality   of   cine   sequence   inpreoperative   patient   selection,   syrinx   analysis   andpostoperative   flow   evaluation   in   anticipation   of   clinicaloutcome. Conclusion:   Phase-contrast   cine   MRI   is   a   useful   tooldictated by resource availability. We recommend its routineuse in preoperative analysis and subsequent observationalfollow-up after surgery.
		                        		
		                        		
		                        		
		                        	
            
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