Objective To investigate the effects of Aconite decoction （AD） on the viability and polarization of murine RAW264.7 macrophages induced by lipopolysaccharide （LPS） or interleukin-4 （IL-4）. Methods Cytotoxicity of AD was assessed by the CCK-8 assay. RAW264.7 cells were polarized toward M1 phenotype by LPS or M2 phenotype by IL-4, followed by treatment with varying concentrations of AD. Macrophage polarization was analyzed by flow cytometry. Quantitative PCR was performed to measure mRNA expression of polarization-associated markers （IL-6, iNOS, Arg1, and Ym1）. ELISA was used to quantify secreted cytokines （TNF-α and IL-10）in the supernatant. Results At non-toxic concentrations, IL-6 and iNOS mRNA levels in LPS-stimulated cells were significantly upregulated while Arg1 and Ym1 expression in IL-4-treated groups were downregulated by AD. Concurrently, TNF-α secretion in LPS-induced M1 polarization was enhanced but IL-10 production in IL-4-induced M2 polarization was suppressed by AD. Conclusion AD could promote macrophage proliferation and viability, augments LPS-driven M1 polarization, and inhibit IL-4-mediated M2 polarization, which provided experimental evidence for the potential application of AD in tumor immunotherapy.

With the continuous development of identification technologies such as mass spectrometry,omics,and antibody technology,post-translational modification(PTM)has demonstrated increasing potential in medical research.PTM as a novel chemical modification method provides new perspectives for the research on dis-eases.Succinylation as a novel modification has aroused the interest of more and more researchers.The available studies about succinylation mainly focus on a desuccinylase named sirtuin 5.This enzyme plays a key role in mod-ification and has been preliminarily explored in cardiovascular studies.This paper summarizes the influencing fac-tors and regulatory roles of succinylation and the links between succinylation and other PTMs and reviews the re-search progress of PTMs in the cardiovascular field,aiming to deepen the understanding about the role of this modification and give new insights to the research in this field.

Objective: To investigate the effects of interleukin ( IL) -10 on the proliferation of HaCaT cells and CaCl2 induced expression of differentiation markers and its possible molecular mechanisms． Methods: HaCaT cells were treated with various concentrations of IL-10 (0，3，10，30 ng / ml) for different time (0，24，48，72 h) ，cell proliferation was measured using MTS，and cell cycle was determined by flow cytometry．HaCaT cells were pretreated with IL-10 (final concentration 10 ng / ml) for 1 h，then incubated with or without CaCl2 (final concentration 1. 2 mmol / L) for 24，48，72 h ，Western blot was performed to detect the effect of IL-10 on the expression of HaCaT keratinocyte differentiation markers．After pretreatment of HaCaT cells with PD98059，an inhibitor of mitogen-activated kinase-ERK1 /2，and LY294002，an inhibitor of phosphatidylinositol kinase-serine / threonine kinase (PI3K-AKT) ，the total RNA and proteins were extracted separately，real time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) and Western blot were used to examine the influence of IL-10 on the expression of differentiation markers (Keratin1，Keratin5，Involucrin) . Results : MTS results revealed that IL-10 (30 ng / ml and lower doses) did not alter the proliferation of HaCaT cells in 72 h．Flow cytometry analysis demonstrated that IL-10 had no significant influence on cell cycle progression．The results of Western blot showed that IL-10 upregulated the expression of differentiation markers Involucrin，while there was no significant effect on Keratin1 and Keratin5 ．Mechanism research analysis demonstrated that IL-10 could activate ERK1 /2 and AKT ，increase their phosphorylation levels ; RT-qPCR and Western blot results showed that PD98059 and LY294002 partially blocked IL-10 induced Involucrin expression． Conclusion At a particular concentration range，IL-10 has little effect on HaCaT proliferation ，but it partially upregulates the expression of differentiation marker Involucrin via the MAPKs-ERK1 /2 and PI3K-AKT pathways.

Objective:To observe the incidence and risk factors of acute kidney injury (AKI) in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI), and explore the effect of AKI on the adverse cardiovascular events during hospitalization.Methods:The clinical data of 1 286 first-episode patients with AMI from December 2014 to December 2017 in Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University were retrospectively analyzed. The basic information, laboratory test results and used drug were collected, the incidences of AKI and adverse cardiovascular events during hospitalization were recorded.Results:Among 1 286 patients with AMI, 113 cases had AKI, the incidence of AKI was 8.79%. There were statistical differences in gender composition, age, Killip classification>1 grade, hypertension, diabetes, smoking history, left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF)<56%, baseline estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR)<71.5 ml/(min·1.73 m 2), global registry of acute coronary events score (GRACE score) ≥176 scores, hemoglobin<128 g/L, interleukin-6 (IL-6) ≥35.74 ng/L, brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) ≥981 ng/L, thrombolysis in myocardial infarction score (TIMI score) ≥5 scores, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) ≥8.44 mg/L, serum creatinine at admission ≥90 μmol/L, heart rate ≥75 times/min and contrast agent dosage/eGFR ≥1.92 between patients with AKI and patients without AKI ( P<0.01 or<0.05). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis result showed that diabetes, LVEF<56%, baseline eGFR< 71.5 ml/(min·1.73 m 2) and hs-CRP ≥8.44 mg/L were the independent risk factors of AKI in patients with AMI ( OR = 2.99, 0.38, 0.30 and 2.48; 95% CI 1.31 to 6.84, 0.16 to 0.88, 0.12 to 0.78 and 1.07 to 5.75; P = 0.010, 0.024, 0.013 and 0.035). The hospital mortality, incidence of adverse cardiovascular events during hospitalization and length of hospital stay in patients with AKI were significantly higher than those in patients without AKI: 11.50% (13/113) vs. 2.39% (28/1 173), 22.12% (25/113) vs. 8.40% (99/1 173) and (12±8) d vs. (10±6) d, and there were statistical differences ( P<0.01). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis result showed that AKI was the independent risk factors of death and adverse cardiovascular events during hospitalization in patients with AMI ( OR = 5.32 and 3.08, 95% CI 2.67 to 10.59 and 1.89 to 5.03, P<0.01). Conclusions:The incidence of AKI is high in patients with AMI, and previous diabetes history, LVEF<56%, eGFR<71.5 ml/(min·1.73 m 2), hs-CRP≥8.44 mg/L are the independent risk factors of AKI in patients with AMI. The occurrence of AKI after AMI can increase incidence of adverse cardiovascular events during hospitalization and hospital mortality, and prolong the hospital stay.

Since the reform and opening-up, China’s health care has made great progress, and the level of national health literacy has steadily improved. However, there is still a disconnect between the health literacy and healthy behavior of Chinese residents, and traditional health education has little effect on behavior change. Based on the limitations of current traditional health education on improving health level of the whole people, this paper explored more effective education methods, deeply discussed how to integrate health ethics into health education to achieve the purpose of effectively promoting individual health behaviors. At the same time, this paper systematically expounded how the theory of behavioral economics provides theoretical support for the rationality and feasibility of health ethics education to promote healthy behavior, further explained the internal psychological mechanism of health ethics education affecting people’s healthy behavior, and provided feasible solutions for how to integrate health ethics into the new model of health education in practical application. To sum up, the integration of health ethics into health education is conducive to disseminating health concepts, improving health literacy, as well as promoting health behaviors, and then promoting the effective implementation of individual health and Healthy China.

Objective : To investigate the effects of RO or incubation with cholesterol ( CH) on the differentiation and apoptosis of KCs. Methods : Ca2 + ( 1. 8 mmol/L) was added to KCs for 1 day after co - culture of RO alone or combined with CH in KCs for different time. The expression of Involucrin (INV) and Loricrin in KCs was analyzed by Western blot. After co⁃culture of RO alone or combination with CH in KCs for different time , the apoptotic changes of KCs cells were detected by flow cytometry and the expression of apoptotic proteins Bax and Bcl⁃2 were verified by Western blot. Results : RO down⁃regulated the expression of Ca2 + induced differentiation marker protein INV , but weakly inhibited the expression of Loricrin , while CH showed no antagonistic effect on RO. RO induced apoptosis of KCs cells in a time dependent manner. CH could antagonize the apoptotic effect of RO on KCs ; the expression of Bcl⁃2 and Bax was inhibited when RO was applied alone , CH could partially antagonize the inhibition effect of RO on Bcl⁃2 expression , but had no significant effect on Bax; however, RO reduced the ratio of Bcl⁃2/Bax in a time⁃dependent manner, and CH partially weakened the effect of RO on the ratio of Bcl⁃2/Bax. Conclusion RO may inhibit KCs differentiation and induce KCs cell apoptosis by down⁃regulating the expression of Loricrin and Bcl⁃2.

Objective: To screen the differential genes and pathways of female and male C57 BL/6 J mice by transcriptome sequencing, and to lay a foundation for further exploring the molecular mechanism of behavioral differences between male and female mice. Methods: 8-week-old female and male mice of the C57 BL/6 J strain were completely isolated from the mouse hippocampus, and total RNA was extracted and reverse transcribed to construct a cDNA library, and 50 single-ended mice were generated on the BGIseq500 platform(BGl-Shenzhen, China) The base reads were transcriptome sequenced. After sequencing, based on GO and KEGG databases, combined with the phyper function in R language to screen, correct and enrich the data, calculatePvalue, and then perform FDR correction onPvalue to obtainQvalue and analyze different annotated genes based on the hypergeometric test method. The expression status was analyzed, and the differential genes and pathways in the hippocampus of mice of different genders were screened out. Results: Through the comparison of male and female differences, 325 differential genes were screened, including 233 up-regulated genes and 92 down-regulated genes. The functions of these differential genes were mainly enriched in long-term potentiation(LTP), calcium signal pathway, nicotine addiction and other processes. There were 362 junctions and 1 703 interaction edges in the female-male differential gene interaction network, and 10 core genes selected: lysine demethylase 5 D(Kdm5 d), cyclin-dependent kinase 5(Cdkl5), Cell output mediator(Cle1), dopamine receptor 6 a3(Slc6 a3), cassette transcription factor(Fox), precursor mRNA processing factor 4 B(Prpf4 b), glycine receptor 4(Glur4), calcium ion receptor 2(Camk2), DNA and RNA binding protein family(Son), serotonin receptor 5 b(Htr5 b). Conclusion The selected differential genes and signal pathways may lay the foundation for explaining the molecular mechanism of the differences in behavior between male and female mice.

Objective:To analyze the clinical features of ureteral calculi in elderly patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in order to improve the diagnosis and treatment level.Methods:The clinical data of 34 ureteral calculi elderly patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in the Second People's Hospital of Lianyungang from October 2014 to December 2018 were studied retrospectively.Insulin therapy or oral glucose-lowering drugs was accepted.The patients received one-stage treatment according to the guidelines, while the patients with severe infection received two-stage treatment.In the stage I, cystoscopic retrograde double J tube was accomplished.In the stage II, the patients received surgical treatment according to the guidelines.Results:Of the 34 cases, 15 cases were male and 19 cases were female, and the female to male ratio was 1.3.Five cases with infection were female and had long disease duration.One case with mild infection received one-stage treatment through strictly controlling the infection, 1 case with severe infection refused treatment and requested discharge from the hospital, 2 cases with severe infection received two-stage treatment, 1 case suffered infection after ureteroscopic lithotripsy(URL). Of the 12 patients received medical expulsive therapy, 9 cases were cured, while 3 cases failed.Nine patients were successfully cured by extracorporeal shock-wave lithotripsy(ESWL), 7 patients with middle-lower ureteral calculi by URL, 5 patients with upper ureteral calculi by percutaneous nephrolithotripsy(PCNL). Septicemia occurred in 1 case after URL, the others had no serious complications.Conclusion:The incidence of ureteral calculi in elderly patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in female is gradually rising.Female and long disease duration are the risk factors for urinary tract infection.Medical expulsive therapy and surgery are safe and effective for the treatment of ureteral calculi in elderly patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus through strictly controlling the infection and blood glucose.

Objective:To investigate the clinical features, diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of primary testicular diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (PT-DLBCL).Methods:The clinical data of 2 patients with PT-DLBCL in the Second People's Hospital of Lianyungang treated in May 2013 and April 2018 was retrospectively analyzed. The clinical features, diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of PT-DLBCL were summarized with review of these 2 cases combining with other 42 cases reported in domestic literature.Results:Case 1, a 71 years old man, complained of bilateral scrotal enlargement with pain and discomfort for 2 months. Case 2, an 85 years old man, presented with left scrotal mass for 3 months. All 2 patients underwent orchiectomy. Both of the 2 patients were diagnosed as PT-DLBCL and non-germinal center B-cell (non-GCB) subtype and had Ann Arbor stage Ⅰ E after operation. Case 1 received only 2 cycles of CHOP (cyclophosphamide, epirubicin, vincristine, prednisone) due to lack of financial support. Case 2 refused chemotherapy and right testis irradiation because of advanced age. They were followed up for 71 months and 12 months, respectively. They were both alive without recurrence at last time of the follow-up. The median age of 44 patients (2 cases in this study and 42 cases reported in the domestic literature) was 64 years old (range 45-87 years old). The most common symptom was unilateral painless testicular swelling (left testis 17 cases and right testis 24 cases). Twenty-one patients were Ann Arbor stage Ⅰ, 6 patients were stage Ⅱ, 6 patients were stage Ⅲ, and 11 patients were stage Ⅳ. Thirty-one patients were non-GCB subtype. Twelve patients were international prognostic index (IPI) score ≥3. Serum lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) level was elevated in 13 patients. All patients underwent orchiectomy. CHOP/R-CHOP chemotherapy was given to 40 patients and prophylactic radiation to contralateral testis was given to 12 patients. Twenty-two patients received prophylactic intrathecal chemotherapy. After a median follow-up of 17 months (range 3-135 months), 14 patients died and the median overall survival time was 13 months (range 3-96 months). Conclusions:PT-DLBCL is rare. Its diagnosis mainly depends on pathology, with the majority of patients diagnosed in early Ann Arbor clinical stage and non-GCB subtype. The radical orchiectomy and R-CHOP chemotherapy is recommended due to local relapse and systemic dissemination. It is curable in the early stage while patients with advanced stage have a very poor prognosis. Prophylactic radiation to contralateral testis and intrathecal chemotherapy can decrease the risk of recurrence.

Objective: To explore comprehensive treatment for severe infection caused by ureteral calculus. Methods: The clinical data of 12 patients with severe infection caused by ureteral calculus in the Second People's Hospital of Lianyungang from January 2016 to December 2017 were reviewed.The patients cured by anti-infective therapy received one-stage surgical treatment.The patients with ineffective anti-infective therapy received one-stage cystoscopic retrograde double J tube or B ultrasound-guided percutaneous nephrostomy first, then ureteral calculus was treated. Results: Two patients were cured by empirical antimicrobial agents.One patient was successfully cured by extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) and the other by retroperitoneoscopic ureterolithotomy.Ten patients were not responsive to empirical antimicrobial agents.Two patients refused treatment and requested discharge from the hospital.The other 8 patients received two-stage treatment.In the stage I, cystoscopic retrograde double J tube was accomplished in 3 patients, and 5 patients were treated successfully by percutaneous nephrostomy guided by B ultrasound.In the stage II, one patient with ureter stone-street was cured by lithagogue drugs, 2 patients were successfully cured by ESWL, one patient by holmium laser lithotripsy under ureteroscope, 2 patients by ureterolithotomy and 2 patients by percutaneous nephrolithotomy by endoscopy and holmium laser. Conclusion The therapy of retrograde double J tube at cystoscopy or percutaneous nephrostomy guided by B ultrasound combined with empirical antimicrobial agents in the satae I, combined with lithotripsy according to guidelines in the stage II in treating severe infection caused by ureteral calculus have more advantage such as simple, less injury, rapid control of infection, less complication and satisfactory effect.It is an ideal method.