To investigate the effect of Xuebijing injection (XBJ) on cGAS/STING pathway in alleviating sepsis-induced acute lung injury (ALI), the mouse sepsis-induced ALI model was established by cecal ligation and puncture (CLP), and the cell inflammation model was constructed by LPS stimulating RAW264.7 cells. The effects of XBJ on lung tissue injury and cGAS/STING pathway-related protein expression in septic mice were investigated by HE staining, ELISA, and Western blot. The results showed that XBJ intervention could alleviate lung tissue injury, reduce serum IL-6, TNF-α, IFN-β, IL-1-β levels, and the expression of cGAS, STING, p-TBK1, and p-IRF3 proteins in lung tissue in vivo, and reduce the mRNA level of related inflammatory factors in RAW264.7 cells and the expression of cGAS/STING pathway proteins in vitro. The results showed that XBJ could play a role in the prevention and treatment of sepsis-induced ALI by inhibiting the inflammatory response via inhibition of the activation of cGAS/STING pathway. This study provides a new molecular mechanism for the clinical prevention and treatment of sepsis-induced acute lung injury with XBJ.

Background Depressive moods among occupational population are prevalent, which seriously affect their mental-physical health and socioeconomic productivity. This has become an urgent public health concern. Objective To understand current situation of depressive mood among an occupational population aged 18 to 60 covering 120 cities of China, and to explore the relationship between work-family conflict and depressive mood as well as the role of life stress in the relationship, as to provide a scientific basis for developing measures to reduce depressive mood in the occupational population. Methods Using the data of the Psychology and Behavior Investigation of Chinese Residents in 2021, an occupational population aged 18 to 60 years was selected as study subjects. A total of 3785 subjects were included in the study. The Work-Family Conflict Scale, Subjective Life Stress Scale, and Patient Health Questionnaire-Depression Scale were used to assess the work-family conflict, life stress, and depressive mood of the subjects. Harman's single-factor method was used to evaluate common method bias in the survey data. One-way ANOVA was applied to test the difference in work-family conflict, life stress, and depressive mood among occupational population by demographic characteristics, and chi-square test was used to analyze the difference in reporting depressive mood. Partial correlation analysis was used to evaluate the correlation between selected variables. Process plug-in was used to test potential mediating effect of life stress on work-family conflict and depressive emotion. Results The scores of work-family conflict, life stress, and depressive mood among the occupational population were 24.60±8.28, 9.28±3.78, and 5.43±5.30, respectively. The prevalence rates of depressive mood was 48.7% (1888/3875). The score of depressive mood among occupational population who never smoked was significantly higher than that of those who smoked (P<0.01). The partial correlation analysis showed that work-family conflict and life stress were positively correlated with depressive mood (r=0.472 and 0.447, P<0.001); work-family conflict was positively correlated with life stress (r=0.361, P<0.001). The mediation analysis results showed that work-family conflict positively associated with life stress (b=0.361, P<0.001); life stress positively associated with depressive mood (b=0.318, P<0.001); work-family conflict positively associated with depressive mood (b=0.357, P<0.001), and played a partial mediating role in the relationship between work-family conflict and depressive mood with an effect size of 0.115 (95%CI: 0.099, 0.130) that accounted for 24.36% of the total effect. Conclusion Work-family conflict may not only directly affect depressive mood among occupational population, but also indirectly affect depressive mood through a mediating effect of life stress.

ObjectiveThis study proposes a novel single-cell protein localization method based on a class perception graph convolutional network (CP-GCN) to overcome several critical challenges in protein microscopic image analysis, including the scarcity of cell-level annotations, inadequate feature extraction, and the difficulty in achieving precise protein localization within individual cells. The methodology involves multiple innovative components designed to enhance both feature extraction and localization accuracy. MethodsFirst, a class perception module (CPM) is developed to effectively capture and distinguish semantic features across different subcellular categories, enabling more discriminative feature representation. Building upon this, the CP-GCN network is designed to explore global features of subcellular proteins in multicellular environments. This network incorporates a category feature-aware module to extract protein semantic features aligned with label dimensions and establishes a subcellular relationship mining module to model correlations between different subcellular structures. By doing so, it generates co-occurrence embedding features that encode spatial and contextual relationships among subcellular locations, thereby improving feature representation. To further refine localization, a multi-scale feature analysis approach is employed using the K-means clustering algorithm, which classifies multi-scale features within each subcellular category and generates multi-cell class activation maps (CAMs). These CAMs highlight discriminative regions associated with specific subcellular locations, facilitating more accurate protein localization. Additionally, a pseudo-label generation strategy is introduced to address the lack of annotated single-cell data. This strategy segments multicellular images into single-cell images and assigns reliable pseudo-labels based on the CAM-predicted regions, ensuring high-quality training data for single-cell analysis. Under a transfer learning framework, the model is trained to achieve precise single-cell-level protein localization, leveraging both the extracted features and pseudo-labels for robust performance. ResultsExperimental validation on multiple single-cell test datasets demonstrates that the proposed method significantly outperforms existing approaches in terms of robustness and localization accuracy. Specifically, on the Kaggle 2021 dataset, the method achieves superior mean average precision (mAP) metrics across 18 subcellular categories, highlighting its effectiveness in diverse protein localization tasks. Visualization of the generated CAM results further confirms the model’s capability to accurately localize subcellular proteins within individual cells, even in complex multicellular environments. ConclusionThe integration of the CP-GCN network with a pseudo-labeling strategy enables the proposed method to effectively capture heterogeneous cellular features in protein images and achieve precise single-cell protein localization. This advancement not only addresses key limitations in current protein image analysis but also provides a scalable and accurate solution for subcellular protein studies, with potential applications in biomedical research and diagnostic imaging. The success of this method underscores the importance of combining advanced deep learning architectures with innovative training strategies to overcome data scarcity and improve localization performance in biological image analysis. Future work could explore the extension of this framework to other types of microscopic imaging and its application in large-scale protein interaction studies.

Lung transplantation is the only effective treatment for end-stage lung disease. Acute kidney injury is a common complication after lung transplantation, which is related to the occurrence of chronic kidney disease and increased postoperative fatality. The factors and mechanisms affecting the occurrence of acute kidney injury are very complex. Clinically, it has been found that various risk factors during the perioperative period of lung transplantation may lead to the occurrence of acute kidney injury, including preoperative, intraoperative and postoperative factors. Early diagnosis of acute kidney injury after lung transplantation and timely intervention are of great significance to improving patient prognosis. Therefore, this article reviews the definition of acute kidney injury, non-invasive assessment, risk factors, prognosis, and clinical management of acute kidney injury after lung transplantation, aiming to provide a reference for the diagnosis and treatment of acute kidney injury after lung transplantation in clinical practice and to improve the survival rate of lung transplant recipients.

Objective To assess the risk of human Spirometra mansoni infections and investigate the knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP) towards sparganosis mansoni among residents in Henan Province, so as to provide insights into formulation of the sparganosis mansoni control measures. Methods Qinling Village in Fugou County of Zhoukou City, Bali Village in Yancheng District of Luohe City, Duzhai Village in Puyang County of Puyang City and Doushan Village in Luoshan County of Xinyang City were sampled as survey sites in Henan Province from July to August 2023, and more than 40 frogs were sampled from ponds or streams in each survey site for detection of Sparganum mansoni infections. At least 150 residents were sampled using a cluster sampling method from each survey site, and the sero-prevalence of anti-S. mansoni IgG antibody was estimated. In addition, a questionnaire survey was conducted on the KAP towards sparganosis mansoni among participants, and the proportion of eligible KAP, rate of correct KAP and KAP scores were calculated. Results A total 229 frogs were collected from 4 survey sites in 2023, and the overall prevalence of S. mansoni infection was 4.37% (10/229) in frogs, with 7.75% (10/129) prevalence in wild frogs and 0 in farm-bred frogs. A questionnaire survey was performed among 649 residents sampled from 4 survey sites, and 649 serum samples were collected. The seroprevalence of anti-S.mansoni IgG antibody was 0.15% (1/649) and the overall proportion of eligible KAP was 23.73% (154/649) among participants. There were age- (χ² = 30.905, P = 0.000), educational level- (χ² = 41.011, P = 0.000), and occupation-specific proportions of eligible KAP among participants (χ² = 10.721, P = 0.005), and the proportion of eligible KAP decreased with age (χ² _trend = 22.717, P = 0.000) and increased with education levels (χ² _trend = 40.025, P = 0.000). The rates of correct KAP towards sparganosis mansoni were 40.81% (2 119/5 192), 96.66% (1 882/1 947) and 63.81% (3 727/5 841) (χ² = 1 913.731, P = 0.000) among residents, respectively. The rates of correct KAP towards sparganosis mansoni varied significantly among survey sites (χ² = 136.872, 42.347 and 255.157; all P values= 0.000, with the highest rate of correct knowledge (51.94%, 748/1 440) and practices (75.86%, 1 229/1 620) in Yancheng District of Luohe City and the highest rate of correct attitudes in Puyang County of Puyang City (99.11%, 446/450) (all P values< 0.05). Conclusions There is still a high transmission risk of sparganosis mansoni in Henan Province, and the KAP towards sparganosis mansoni is required to be improved among residents.

Background: and Purpose Symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage (sICH) following endovascular thrombectomy (EVT) is a severe complication associated with adverse functional outcomes and increased mortality rates. Currently, a reliable predictive model for sICH risk after EVT is lacking. Methods: This study used data from patients aged ≥20 years who underwent EVT for anterior circulation stroke from the nationwide Taiwan Registry of Endovascular Thrombectomy for Acute Ischemic Stroke (TREAT-AIS). A predictive model including factors associated with an increased risk of sICH after EVT was developed to differentiate between patients with and without sICH. This model was compared existing predictive models using nationwide registry data to evaluate its relative performance. Results: Of the 2,507 identified patients, 158 developed sICH after EVT. Factors such as diastolic blood pressure, Alberta Stroke Program Early CT Score, platelet count, glucose level, collateral score, and successful reperfusion were associated with the risk of sICH after EVT. The TREAT-AIS score demonstrated acceptable predictive accuracy (area under the curve [AUC]=0.694), with higher scores being associated with an increased risk of sICH (odds ratio=2.01 per score increase, 95% confidence interval=1.64–2.45, P<0.001). The discriminatory capacity of the score was similar in patients with symptom onset beyond 6 hours (AUC=0.705). Compared to existing models, the TREAT-AIS score consistently exhibited superior predictive accuracy, although this difference was marginal. Conclusions The TREAT-AIS score outperformed existing models, and demonstrated an acceptable discriminatory capacity for distinguishing patients according to sICH risk levels. However, the differences between models were only marginal. Further research incorporating periprocedural and postprocedural factors is required to improve the predictive accuracy.

Background/Aims: Endoscopic radiofrequency ablation (ERFA) is a treatment option for superficial esophageal squamous cell neoplasia (ESCN), with a relatively low risk of stenosis; however, the long-term outcomes remain unclear. We aimed to compare the long-term outcomes of patients with widespread superficial ESCN who underwent endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) or ERFA. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of patients with superficial ESCN who underwent ESD or ERFA between January 2015 and December 2021. The primary outcome measure was recurrence-free survival. Results: Ninety-two and 33 patients with superficial ESCN underwent ESD and ERFA, respectively. The en bloc, R0, and curative resection rates for ESD were 100.0%, 90.2%, and 76.1%, respectively. At 12 months, the complete response rate was comparable between the two groups (94.6% vs 90.9%, p=0.748). During a median follow-up of 66 months, recurrence-free survival was significantly longer in the ESD group than in the ERFA group (p=0.004), while no significant differences in overall survival (p=0.845) and disease-specific survival (p=0.494) were observed.Preoperative diagnosis of intramucosal cancer (adjusted hazard ratio, 5.55; vs high-grade intraepithelial neoplasia) was an independent predictor of recurrence. Significantly fewer patients in the ERFA group experienced stenosis compare to ESD group (15.2% vs 38.0%, p=0.016). Conclusions The risk of recurrence was higher for ERFA than ESD for ESCN but overall survival was not affected. The risk of esophageal stenosis was significantly lower for patients who underwent ERFA.

Background/Aims: Endoscopic radiofrequency ablation (ERFA) is a treatment option for superficial esophageal squamous cell neoplasia (ESCN), with a relatively low risk of stenosis; however, the long-term outcomes remain unclear. We aimed to compare the long-term outcomes of patients with widespread superficial ESCN who underwent endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) or ERFA. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of patients with superficial ESCN who underwent ESD or ERFA between January 2015 and December 2021. The primary outcome measure was recurrence-free survival. Results: Ninety-two and 33 patients with superficial ESCN underwent ESD and ERFA, respectively. The en bloc, R0, and curative resection rates for ESD were 100.0%, 90.2%, and 76.1%, respectively. At 12 months, the complete response rate was comparable between the two groups (94.6% vs 90.9%, p=0.748). During a median follow-up of 66 months, recurrence-free survival was significantly longer in the ESD group than in the ERFA group (p=0.004), while no significant differences in overall survival (p=0.845) and disease-specific survival (p=0.494) were observed.Preoperative diagnosis of intramucosal cancer (adjusted hazard ratio, 5.55; vs high-grade intraepithelial neoplasia) was an independent predictor of recurrence. Significantly fewer patients in the ERFA group experienced stenosis compare to ESD group (15.2% vs 38.0%, p=0.016). Conclusions The risk of recurrence was higher for ERFA than ESD for ESCN but overall survival was not affected. The risk of esophageal stenosis was significantly lower for patients who underwent ERFA.

Background/Aims: Endoscopic radiofrequency ablation (ERFA) is a treatment option for superficial esophageal squamous cell neoplasia (ESCN), with a relatively low risk of stenosis; however, the long-term outcomes remain unclear. We aimed to compare the long-term outcomes of patients with widespread superficial ESCN who underwent endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) or ERFA. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of patients with superficial ESCN who underwent ESD or ERFA between January 2015 and December 2021. The primary outcome measure was recurrence-free survival. Results: Ninety-two and 33 patients with superficial ESCN underwent ESD and ERFA, respectively. The en bloc, R0, and curative resection rates for ESD were 100.0%, 90.2%, and 76.1%, respectively. At 12 months, the complete response rate was comparable between the two groups (94.6% vs 90.9%, p=0.748). During a median follow-up of 66 months, recurrence-free survival was significantly longer in the ESD group than in the ERFA group (p=0.004), while no significant differences in overall survival (p=0.845) and disease-specific survival (p=0.494) were observed.Preoperative diagnosis of intramucosal cancer (adjusted hazard ratio, 5.55; vs high-grade intraepithelial neoplasia) was an independent predictor of recurrence. Significantly fewer patients in the ERFA group experienced stenosis compare to ESD group (15.2% vs 38.0%, p=0.016). Conclusions The risk of recurrence was higher for ERFA than ESD for ESCN but overall survival was not affected. The risk of esophageal stenosis was significantly lower for patients who underwent ERFA.

Background: and Purpose Symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage (sICH) following endovascular thrombectomy (EVT) is a severe complication associated with adverse functional outcomes and increased mortality rates. Currently, a reliable predictive model for sICH risk after EVT is lacking. Methods: This study used data from patients aged ≥20 years who underwent EVT for anterior circulation stroke from the nationwide Taiwan Registry of Endovascular Thrombectomy for Acute Ischemic Stroke (TREAT-AIS). A predictive model including factors associated with an increased risk of sICH after EVT was developed to differentiate between patients with and without sICH. This model was compared existing predictive models using nationwide registry data to evaluate its relative performance. Results: Of the 2,507 identified patients, 158 developed sICH after EVT. Factors such as diastolic blood pressure, Alberta Stroke Program Early CT Score, platelet count, glucose level, collateral score, and successful reperfusion were associated with the risk of sICH after EVT. The TREAT-AIS score demonstrated acceptable predictive accuracy (area under the curve [AUC]=0.694), with higher scores being associated with an increased risk of sICH (odds ratio=2.01 per score increase, 95% confidence interval=1.64–2.45, P<0.001). The discriminatory capacity of the score was similar in patients with symptom onset beyond 6 hours (AUC=0.705). Compared to existing models, the TREAT-AIS score consistently exhibited superior predictive accuracy, although this difference was marginal. Conclusions The TREAT-AIS score outperformed existing models, and demonstrated an acceptable discriminatory capacity for distinguishing patients according to sICH risk levels. However, the differences between models were only marginal. Further research incorporating periprocedural and postprocedural factors is required to improve the predictive accuracy.