OBJECTIVE To compare the efficacy and safety of levetiracetam versus valproic acid in the treatment of pediatric epilepsy， and to provide evidence-based reference. METHODS The databases including CNKI， VIP， China Biomedical Literature Database， Wanfang data， PubMed， Embase and Cochrane Library were searched for the RCTs about levetiracetam （trial group） and valproic acid （control group） were collected from the inception to October 1st， 2021. After literature screening and data extraction， the quality of included literature was evaluated using the bias risk assessment tool recommended by Cochrane system evaluator manual 5.1.0 and RevMan 5.3 software were used for meta-analysis， sensitivity analysis and bias risk analysis. RESULTS A total of 33 RCTs were included， involving 3 116 patients in total. The results of the meta-analysis showed that the effective rate of trial group was significantly higher than control group [RR＝1.06， 95%CI （1.02， 1.11）， P＝0.003]. The subgroup analysis according to different courses of treatment showed that there was no statistical significance in the effective rate between 2 groups after 1 and 3 months of treatment （P＞0.05）； after 6 months of treatment， the effective rate of trial group was significantly higher than that of control group （P＜0.05）. The incidence of adverse drug reaction in trial group was significantly lower than control group [RR＝0.50， 95%CI （0.41， 0.61）， P＜0.000 01]； among specific adverse drug reactions， the incidence of nausea and vomiting in trial group was significantly lower than control group （P＜0.05）； but there was no statistical significance in the incidence of rash， drowsiness， abnormal mood， loss of appetite， dizziness or headache （P＞0.05）. Results of sensitivity analysis showed that study results were stable and reliable. Results of publication bias analysis showed that there was little possibility of publication bias in this study. CONCLUSIONS The short-term efficacy （1， 3 months） of LEV is similar to that of VPA in the treatment of pediatric epilepsy， but long-term efficacy （6 months） of LEV is better than that of VPA； moreover， LEV shows better safety in digestive system.

H 1-antihistamines are widely used in the treatment of various allergic diseases, but there are still many challenges in the safe and rational use of H 1-antihistamines in pediatrics, and there is a lack of guidance on the prescription review of H 1-antihistamines for children.In this paper, suggestions are put forward from the indications, dosage, route of administration, pathophysiological characteristics of children with individual difference and drug interactions, so as to provide reference for clinicians and pharmacists.

Anti-seizure medications (ASMs) are the main therapy for epilepsy.There are many kinds of ASMs with complex mechanism of action, so it is difficult for pharmacists to examine prescriptions.This paper put forward some suggestions on the indications, dosage forms/routes of administration, appropriateness of usage and dosage, combined medication and drug interaction, long-term prescription review, individual differences in pathophysiology of children, and drug selection when complicated with common epilepsy, for the reference of doctors and pharmacists.

OBJECTIVE To analyze the clinical manifestations and characteristics of adverse drug reactions （ADR） caused by cefotaxime sodium in Shandong province， and to explore the effects of skin test before medication of cefotaxime sodium on serious ADR， so as to provide reference for safe drug use in clinic. METHODS The relevant data of cefotaxime sodium-induced ADR reported by Shandong Province ADR Monitoring Center during December 2019 to December 2021 were collected from National ADR Monitoring System. The ADR classification， age， gender， ADR occurrence time， route of administration， history of allergy， primary diseases， ADR systems/organs involved， clinical manifestations， outcome， skin test or not before medication were statistically analyzed. RESULTS A total of 1 057 ADR reports caused by cefotaxime sodium were included. Among them， there were 867 patients （82.02%） with general ADR and 190 patients （17.98%） with serious ADR. The majority were ＜11 years old （40.30%）. The main route of administration was intravenous drip （96.69%）. A total of 1 033 patients （97.73%） developed ADR 30 min to 24 h after medication. A total of 814 patients （77.01%） had no history of allergy. The primary diseases were respiratory system infection （56.58%）. Main systems/organs involved in ADR were skin and its appendants， digestive system and respiratory system， and its clinical manifestations were rash， pruritus， nausea， vomiting， chest tightness， etc. After withdrawal or symptomatic treatment， 1 050 patients （99.34%） were cured or improved. Before the use of cefotaxime sodium， 850 patients underwent skin test （151 patients occurred serious ADR）； there was no statistical significance in the incidence of serious renzhen202102@163.com ADR， compared with the incidence of serious ADR in 207 patients without skin test （39 patients occurred serious ADR）（P＝0.718）. CONCLUSIONS ADR caused by cefotaxime sodium is mainly seen in patients ＜11 years old， mostly occurring 30 min to 24 h after intravenous drip； skin test before medication of cefotaxime sodium cannot reduce the risk of serious ADR. Before using cefotaxime sodium in clinical practice， patients should be asked about their allergy and medication history in detail. During use， it is important to focus on the patient’s condition within 24 h after medication to prevent serious ADR and ensure the safety of clinical medication.

OBJEC TIVE To provide reference for clinical comprehensive evaluation of pediatric drugs in China. METHODS Taking pediatric anti-allergic drugs as an example ，the clinical comprehensive evaluation methods of pediatric drugs in medical institutions were explored from the aspects of theme selection ，evaluation content and dimension ，evaluation index ，evaluation method and evaluation result report. RESULTS & CONCLUSIONS During the clinical comprehensive evaluation of pediatric drugs，under the guidance of relevant national guidelines for clinical comprehensive evaluation ，the evaluation topics could be selected according to the three principles of importance ，relevance and evaluability ，and then an appropriate evaluation index system could be developed around the six dimensions of safety ， effectiveness， economy， suitability，accessibility and innovativeness；qualitative and quantitative data integration analysis of the drugs to be evaluated were performed. In the evaluation ， it is necessary to focus on children ’s clinical basic drug use practice and decision-making needs ，normatively，scientifically and reasonably define the core index set and standard data set required by different dimensions of evidence ，standardize the collection and use of real-world data ，and effectively combine other types of evidence to truly play its advantageous role in the clinical comprehensive evaluation of pediatric drugs in China.

OBJECTIVE To eva luate the clinical comprehensive value of desloratadine in the treatment of urticaria. METHODS The clinical comprehensive evaluation index system based on six dimensions such as safety ，effectiveness，economy，suitability， innovation and accessibility were preliminarily determined by using the methods of literature investigation and expert investigation ； the core contents of the evaluation index system were evaluated and screened by Delphi method and analytic hierarchy process ；the importance of the index was assigned by Likert 5-level scoring method ；the evidence from various sources were collected and qualitative and quantitative integration analysis were conducted according to the clinical comprehensive evaluation index system with the help of system evaluation ，drug instructions ，expert guidelines/consensus ，adverse drug reaction monitoring report ，etc； the experts scored its clinical comprehensive value according to the clinical comprehensive evaluation evidence of each dimension of desloratadine ，combined with the weight of the clinical comprehensive evaluation index system ，the clinical comprehensive evaluation score of the tertiary indexes of desloratadine were calculated. The total clinical comprehensive evaluation score was obtained by accumulating the scores of each index ，and compared with loratadine. RESULTS This study successfully constructed the clinical comprehensive evaluation index system of desloratadine in the treatment of urticaria ，including 6 primary indexes ，13 secondary indexes and 30 tertiary indexes. The total clinical comprehensive evaluation score of desloratadine was 93.63 and that of loratadine was 70.91. CONCLUSIONS The clinical comprehensive value of desloratadine is higher than that of loratadine ，which can provide a reference basis for clinical rational drug use in medical institutions ，selection of drug use catalogue and improvement of national drug policy.

Objective: To investigate the expression of tetraspanins-29 (Tspan29) in breast cancer tissues and cell lines and to explore the effect of Tspan29 knockdown on proliferation, invasion, migration and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of breast cancer MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells. Methods:Atotal of20pairsofbreast cancer tissues and corresponding para-cancerous tissues resected in Minhang Branch of Cancer HospitalAffiliated to Fudan University from June 2017 to February 2018 were collected for this study; in addition, breast cancer celllinesMCF-7,MDA-MB-231andhumanbreastepithelialMDA-kb2cellswerealsocollected.ThemRNAand protein expressions of Tspan29 in above mentioned tissues and cell lines were detected by Real-time quantitative (qPCR) and Western blotting. The expression of Tspan29 in MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells was interfered by siRNA. qPCR was used to detect the mRNA and protein expressions of Tspan29. PCR microarray was used to examine the expressions of EMT-related genes in MCF-7 cells. CCK-8 assayandTranswellwereusedtodetectcellproliferation, migration and invasion of MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells. Results: The mRNA and protein expressions of Tspan29 in breast cancer tissues were significantly higher than that in para-cancerous tissues (all P<0.01); and the mRNA and protein expressions of Tspan29 in MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells were significantly higher than that in MDA-kb2 cells (P<0.01). After being interfered with siTspan29, the mRNA and protein expressions of Tspan29 were significantly down-regulated in MCF-7 cells (all P<0.05); the proliferation, invasion and migration of MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells were significantly inhibited (all P<0.05); and among the EMT-related genes, two were significantly up-regulated while 7 were down-regulated. Conclusion: Tspan29 is significantly up-regulated in breast cancer tissues and cell lines, and knockdown of Tspan29 significantly inhibits the proliferation, invasion and migration of breast cancer cells. ··

Objective:To summary the clinical features of 8 cases with ankylosing spondylitis (AS) complicated with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).Methods:This study was conducted retrospectively from January 2007 to November 2018. Eight patients with AS complicated with SLE who were admitted to Foshan Hospital of TCM were analyzed. Bath ankylosing spondylitis disease activity index (BASDAI) was compared using t-test. Results:Four patients were female. The mean age was (31±14) years, ranged from 16 to 59 years. The average disease duration of AS was (27±30) months(ranging from 4 to 144 months). The average disease of duration SLE was (69±51) months (ranging from 1 to 80 months). All patients was human lymphocyte antigen (HLA)-B27 positive. SLE-related organ involvement included kidney in 5 cases, leukocytopenia in 8 cases, arthralgia in 6 cases, nervous system in 1 case and skin rash in 3 cases. Renal biopsy were performed in 3 patients. And 2 cases were class Ⅲ+Ⅴ lupus nephritis, another one was class Ⅳ+Ⅴ lupus nephritis.Conclusion:AS may complicated with SLE. Some drugs may be able to active the potential SLE, which should be differentiated from drug-related lupus.

OBJECTIVE:To provide reference for the rational drug use of traditional TCM injection. METHODS:Medical re-cords of 792 patients receiving TCM injection were collected from Qingdao Municipal Hospital in the first quarter of 2014(before intervention)and 836 patients collected from the first quarter of 2015(after intervention),and then analyzed comparatively in re-spects of patient’s gender information,rationality of TCM injection,irrational drug use,ADR. RESULTS:After intervention,the use of TCM injection in the hospital became standard gradually,and rational rate increased from 42.42% to 69.98%. Irrational drug use as super-indication medication,overdose,inadequate solvent amount decreased;the ratio of TCM injection prescription cost per capita decreased from 16.64% to 12.59%;the incidence of ADR decreased from 6.94% to 2.51%,with statistical signifi-cance(P<0.05). Except that the amount of Andrographolide for injection,Xuesaitong for injection,Zhengqing fengtongning injec-tion,Reduning injection increased,those of other TCM injection decreased. CONCLUSIONS:Pharmaceutical intervention mea-sures of clinical pharmacists are effective and feasible,and promote rational and standard use of TCM injection.

Objective To explore the levels of serum chemokine in the patients with gastric cancer using cytometric beads array (CBA) and to find out the laboratory evidence for gastric cancer immunotberapy.Methods Forty-five patients with gastric cancer,thirty patients with benign gastric diseases and forty healthy controls were included.The chemokine levels of interleukin-8 (IL-8),regulated upon activation normal T-cell expressed and secreted (RANTES),monokine induced by IFN-γ (MIG),monocyte ehemoattractant protein-1(MCP-1) and interferon-γ induced protein-10 (IP-10) in serum of these three groups were measured using CBA ,then these data were analyzed using BD CBA analysis software.Results The levels of serum chemokines in healthy controls were (176.4±20.7) μg/L for IP-10,(111.3±17.2) μg/L for MCP-1,(503.9±47.2) μg/L for MIG,(472.4±116.7) μg/L for IL-8,respectively.In gastric cancer patients,the levels were (266.6±24.7) μg/L for IP-10,(100.4,70.8-193.5) μg/L for MCP-1,(1614±275.4) μg/L for MIG,(500.0±164.8) μg/L for IL-8.The levels of serum chemokines in patients with benign gastric disease were (207.9±31.7) μg/L for IP-10,(121.2±23.6) μg/L for MCP-1,(514.5±63.0) μg/L for MIG,(480.2±134.8) μg/L for IL-8,respectively.The levels of IP-10 and MIG among these three groups were significantly different (IP-10:F = 3.52,P < 0.05,MIG:F = 9.27,P < 0.01).The levels of IP-10 were elevated in the cancer patients compared with healthy controls (P < 0.05),while the levels of MIG were elevated significantly in the cancer patients compared with healthy controls and benign disease controls(t=3.29,P < 0.01,t=2.84,P<0.01).Conclusions CBA is a novel method with convenience,sensitivity and accuracy for the detection of serum ehemokines.The concentration of IP-10 and MIG in gastric cancer patients are elevated,indicating its implication in cancer pathogenesis and metastasis.Measurement of serum chemokines will lay the groundwork for therapeutic strategy in gastric cancer by inhibiting and anti-chemokine.