ObjectiveTo investigate the effect of Tongxinluo capsules on the use of anti-ischemic drugs in patients with chronic coronary syndrome （CCS） of Qi deficiency and blood stasis. MethodA multicenter，prospective cohort study was conducted，with Tongxinluo capsules intervention as the exposure factor. Patients were divided into an exposed group （combination of traditional Chinese and western medicine） and a non-exposed group （western medicine alone），and followed up for one year. The use of anti-ischemic drugs was observed on the day of enrollment and at 3，6，12 months. ResultA total of 186 patients were enrolled，with 128 in the exposed group and 58 in the non-exposed group. There were no statistically significant differences in baseline characteristics between the two groups. At the 3-month follow-up，the types of first-line anti-ischemic drugs used in the exposed group were significantly fewer than those in the non-exposed group （P<0.01），and this difference remained statistically significant at 6 months （P<0.05） but was no longer significant at 12 months. At the 3- and 6-month follow-ups，there were no significant differences between the two groups in the types of second-line anti-ischemic drugs used. However，at the 12-month follow-up，the types of second-line anti-ischemic drugs used in the exposed group were significantly fewer than those in the non-exposed group （P<0.01）. At the 3-month follow-up，both groups showed a reduction in the types of first-line anti-ischemic drugs used compared to baseline （P<0.05），with a more pronounced reduction in the exposed group （P<0.05）. At the 6-month follow-up，the exposed group showed a significant reduction in the types of second-line anti-ischemic drugs used compared to baseline （P<0.05），while no significant changes were observed in the non-exposed group. At the 12-month follow-up，the difference in the types of second-line anti-ischemic drugs between the exposed and non-exposed groups was statistically significant （P<0.05），while there was no significant difference in the types of first-line anti-ischemic drugs. ConclusionTongxinluo capsules can effectively reduce the use of anti-ischemic drugs in patients with CCS of Qi deficiency and blood stasis.

Objective To explore the application value of transperineal three-dimensional ultrasound combined with SWE in evalu-ating the effect of delivery mode on the morphology and function of levator ANI muscle in primipara,and to provide a new method for early diagnosis of pelvic floor dysfunction(PFD).Methods A total of 92 primiparas who were re-examined 6-8 weeks after delivery in our hospital were selected as postpartum group,and divided into vaginal delivery group(n=45)and cesarean section group(n=47)accord-ing to their delivery mode,and healthy women without childbirth at the same period were selected as control group(n=43).Transperineal three-dimensional ultrasound combined with SWE was used to examine the differences in the morphological parameters and elastic param-eters of levator anal hiatus in different states among all groups.Results The hiatus area of levator anal muscle(LHA)at rest,maximum anal retraction and maximum Valsalva in the vaginal delivery group was greater than that in the cesarean section group and control group,and the cesarean section group was greater than the control group,the differences were statistically significant(P＜0.01).Compared with control group and cesarean section group,the elastic parameters of vaginal delivery group at rest and maximum anal retraction were de-creased,the difference was statistically significant(P＜0.01).There was no significant difference in elastic parameters between the cesar-ean section group and the control group(P＞0.05).The difference between maximum Valsalva state and resting state LHA(Δ A')was negatively correlated with the difference before and after contraction of bilateral PR Young's modulus(ΔE)(left r=-0.444,P=0.008;Right r=0.488,P=0.002).Conclusion Three-dimensional perineal ultrasonography combined with SWE can quantitatively evaluate the morphology and function of levator ANI muscle,and provide evidence for the early diagnosis of PFD.

Objective: To investigate the current situation of using virtual simulation technology in undergraduate schools of stomatology in China, analyze the problems and put forward corresponding improvement suggestions. Methods: A questionnaire survey was conducted among 672 teachers and 3 849 students in undergraduate schools of stomatology in China. Results : 25.81% of all participants had took part in dental virtual simulation courses, and 37.80% of the participants from “Double First-Class” universities had participated in dental virtual simulation courses. 92.12% of the virtual simulation courses were established for undergraduates. "Traditional course + virtual simulation model demonstration" is the main teaching form of virtual simulation courses. Most of the participants were satisfied with the virtual simulation courses offered by their schools. At present, there are also some deficiencies in the virtual simulation courses, such as lack of teaching resources, insufficient interaction and simulation. Conclusion There is difference in the application of virtual simulation technology in undergraduate schools of stomatology in China. The virtual simulation technology is more widely used in "Double First-Class" universities than in ordinary universities. Undergraduates are the main teaching objects of virtual simulation courses. Stomatological schools in China should pay attention to the development and utilization of virtual simulation curriculum resources by cooperation, enrich the form of virtual simulation courses and strengthen the promotion and application of virtual simulation technology in stomatological education.

ObjectiveTo investigate the clinical and epidemiological features of patients with bacterial liver abscess during the outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 （COVID－19） in Changchun， China. MethodsA retrospective analysis was performed for 37 411 patients who were discharged from The First Hospital of Jilin University from March 1 to June 30 in 2022， and finally 135 patients with bacterial liver abscess were included for analysis. Related clinical data were collected to summarize their clinical features， and these patients were compared with the patients with bacterial liver abscess in 2019－2021 in terms of disease onset and pathogen. The Kruskal－Wallis H test was used for comparison of continuous data between multiple groups， and the chi－square test was used for comparison of categorical data between multiple groups. ResultsThe patients with bacterial liver abscess accounted for 0.36% of the patients admitted to our hospital during the same period of time， which showed varying degrees of increase compared with the previous years （χ²=32.081， P<0.001）. The 135 patients with bacterial liver abscess had a mean hospital stay of 11 （6－18） days， which was longer than that in the previous years （H=9.223， P=0.026）. The patients with bacterial liver abscess had higher levels of white blood cell count and C－reactive protein （CRP） than the previous years （H=14.150 and 8.736， P=0.003 and 0.033）. Among the 135 patients， 69 （51.11%） received blood culture， and the results showed sterile growth （59.42%）， Klebsiella pneumoniae （30.43%）， Escherichia coli （4.35%）， Bacteroides fragilis （1.45%）， Enterococcus faecium （1.45%）， Staphylococcus epidermidis （1.45%）， and Klebsiella oxytoca （1.45%）. Among the 135 patients， 90 （66.67%） received pus culture， and the results showed Klebsiella pneumoniae （72.22%）， sterile growth （14.44%）， Escherichia coli （4.44%）， Enterococcus faecium （2.22%）， Pseudomonas aeruginosa （2.22%）， Acinetobacter baumannii （1.11%）， Klebsiella aerogenes （1.11%）， Klebsiella oxytoca （1.11%）， and Enterococcus casseliflavus （1.11%）. Of all 135 patients， 127 （94.07%） were improved and cured after anti－infective therapy and ultrasound－guided abscess puncture and drainage， and 3 patients （2.22%） died during hospitalization. ConclusionDuring the outbreak of COVID－19 in Changchun， there are increases in the number of patients with liver abscess in our hospital， the length of hospital stay， and the levels of white blood cell count and CRP， with Klebsiella pneumoniae as the main pathogen， and most patients are improved after treatment.

On January 22, 2020, China National Center for Bioinformation (CNCB) released the 2019 Novel Coronavirus Resource (2019nCoVR), an open-access information resource for the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). 2019nCoVR features a comprehensive integra-tion of sequence and clinical information for all publicly available SARS-CoV-2 isolates, which are manually curated with value-added annotations and quality evaluated by an automated in-house pipeline. Of particular note, 2019nCoVR offers systematic analyses to generate a dynamic landscape of SARS-CoV-2 genomic variations at a global scale. It provides all identified variants and their detailed statistics for each virus isolate, and congregates the quality score, functional annotation,and population frequency for each variant. Spatiotemporal change for each variant can be visualized and historical viral haplotype network maps for the course of the outbreak are also generated based on all complete and high-quality genomes available. Moreover, 2019nCoVR provides a full collection of SARS-CoV-2 relevant literature on the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), including published papers from PubMed as well as preprints from services such as bioRxiv and medRxiv through Europe PMC. Furthermore, by linking with relevant databases in CNCB, 2019nCoVR offers data submission services for raw sequence reads and assembled genomes, and data sharing with NCBI. Collectively, SARS-CoV-2 is updated daily to collect the latest information on genome sequences, variants, hap-lotypes, and literature for a timely reflection, making 2019nCoVR a valuable resource for the global research community. 2019nCoVR is accessible at https://bigd.big.ac.cn/ncov/.

Tung tree (Vernicia fordii) is an economically important woody oil plant that produces tung oil rich in eleostearic acid. Here, we report a high-quality chromosome-scale genome sequence of tung tree. The genome sequence was assembled by combining Illumina short reads, Pacific Bio-sciences single-molecule real-time long reads, and Hi-C sequencing data. The size of tung tree gen-ome is 1.12 Gb, with 28,422 predicted genes and over 73％ repeat sequences. The V. fordii underwent an ancient genome triplication event shared by core eudicots but no further whole-genome duplication in the subsequent ca. 34.55 million years of evolutionary history of the tung tree lineage. Insertion time analysis revealed that repeat-driven genome expansion might have arisen as a result of long-standing long terminal repeat retrotransposon bursts and lack of efficient DNA deletion mechanisms. The genome harbors 88 resistance genes encoding nucleotide-binding sites;17 of these genes may be involved in early-infection stage of Fusarium wilt resistance. Further, 651 oil-related genes were identified, 88 of which are predicted to be directly involved in tung oil biosynthesis. Relatively few phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase genes, and synergistic effectsbetween transcription factors and oil biosynthesis-related genes might contribute to the high oil content of tung seed. The tung tree genome constitutes a valuable resource for understanding genome evolution, as well as for molecular breeding and genetic improvements for oil production.

Objective To investigate the effect of maximal sterile barrier precaution during deep venous/arterial catheterization on preventing catheter-related bloodstream infection (CRBSI)in patients in the department of critical care medicine.Methods 996 patients who were hospitalized in Beijing Friendship Hospital and underwent deep ve-nous/arterial catheterization from September 2011 to April 2014 were analyzed retrospectively,patients were divided into standard sterile barrier precaution group (SSB group,September 2011-December 2012,n=560)and maximal sterile barrier precaution group (MSB group,January 2013-April 2014,n=436)based on whether they received maximal sterile barrier precaution,incidence of CRBSI and mortality were compared between two groups.Results There was no statistical difference in constitute of intubation sites between patients in SSB group and MSB group(χ2=6.750,P=0.08).The incidence of CRBSI per 1000 catheter days in SSB group and MSB group were 2.41‰(1.64‰-4.02‰)and 1.91‰(0‰-4.56‰)respectively,rank test revealed no significant difference(Z=-0.057, P>0.05);24 (4.29%)patients in SSB group and 26(5.96%)patients in MSB group developed CRBSI,difference between two groups was not statistically significant(χ2=1.447,P>0.05).The mortality in SSB group and MSB group were (18.43±5.53)% and (11.68±4.14)% respectively,independent sample t-test revealed that difference was significant(t=3.907,P<0.05).Conclusion Maximal sterile barrier precaution did not reduce the incidence of CRBSI.

Dental education in United Kingdom has been amongst the best in the world with years of experience.General Dental Council (GDC) is the sole competent authority for dentistry in the UK.GDC produces guidance on dental education and lead the inspections and monitoring for dental schools.Postgraduate Dental Deans are responsible for the provision and quality management of the education and training of dental graduates during 2 years' foundation training and 3-5 years' specialty training.There are similarities between UK dental education system and Chinese system in school education and continuing education.It is worthy of reference for the dental education in China in terms of the training system of dental residents and specialists in the United kingdom.