Background: Endoscopic ultrasound-guided drainage (EUSD) is an effective treatment for postoperative pancreatic fluid collections (POPFCs); however, standards regarding stents used for EUSD have not been established. This study analyzed the outcomes of EUSD of POPFCs at our hospital and examined the safety and effectiveness of plastic stents/tubes. Methods: This retrospective, single-center study focused on EUSD of POPFCs performed at our hospital. We examined the rates of technical success, clinical success, adverse events, and recurrence. Results: Twenty-seven patients were included in this study. The initial drainage methods comprised one nasocystic plastic tube (NPT) and one double-pigtail plastic stent (DPS) for 19 (70.4%) patients, two DPS for four (14.8%) patients, one NPT for three (11.1%) patients, and one lumen-apposing metal stent for one (3.7%) patient. The technical success and clinical success rates were both 100%. Fourteen of the 19 patients with one NPT and one DPS improved, but five patients required additional interventions and improved with fistula site dilation. Although recurrence occurred in one patient, improvement was achieved with second EUSD. Early adverse events comprised one case of bleeding for which hemostasis was achieved by performing coil embolization. Late adverse events comprised three cases of DPS migration; however, no additional intervention was required. Conclusion The use of plastic tubes/stents is safe and effective for EUSD of POPFCs.

Background: Endoscopic ultrasound-guided drainage (EUSD) is an effective treatment for postoperative pancreatic fluid collections (POPFCs); however, standards regarding stents used for EUSD have not been established. This study analyzed the outcomes of EUSD of POPFCs at our hospital and examined the safety and effectiveness of plastic stents/tubes. Methods: This retrospective, single-center study focused on EUSD of POPFCs performed at our hospital. We examined the rates of technical success, clinical success, adverse events, and recurrence. Results: Twenty-seven patients were included in this study. The initial drainage methods comprised one nasocystic plastic tube (NPT) and one double-pigtail plastic stent (DPS) for 19 (70.4%) patients, two DPS for four (14.8%) patients, one NPT for three (11.1%) patients, and one lumen-apposing metal stent for one (3.7%) patient. The technical success and clinical success rates were both 100%. Fourteen of the 19 patients with one NPT and one DPS improved, but five patients required additional interventions and improved with fistula site dilation. Although recurrence occurred in one patient, improvement was achieved with second EUSD. Early adverse events comprised one case of bleeding for which hemostasis was achieved by performing coil embolization. Late adverse events comprised three cases of DPS migration; however, no additional intervention was required. Conclusion The use of plastic tubes/stents is safe and effective for EUSD of POPFCs.

Background: Endoscopic ultrasound-guided drainage (EUSD) is an effective treatment for postoperative pancreatic fluid collections (POPFCs); however, standards regarding stents used for EUSD have not been established. This study analyzed the outcomes of EUSD of POPFCs at our hospital and examined the safety and effectiveness of plastic stents/tubes. Methods: This retrospective, single-center study focused on EUSD of POPFCs performed at our hospital. We examined the rates of technical success, clinical success, adverse events, and recurrence. Results: Twenty-seven patients were included in this study. The initial drainage methods comprised one nasocystic plastic tube (NPT) and one double-pigtail plastic stent (DPS) for 19 (70.4%) patients, two DPS for four (14.8%) patients, one NPT for three (11.1%) patients, and one lumen-apposing metal stent for one (3.7%) patient. The technical success and clinical success rates were both 100%. Fourteen of the 19 patients with one NPT and one DPS improved, but five patients required additional interventions and improved with fistula site dilation. Although recurrence occurred in one patient, improvement was achieved with second EUSD. Early adverse events comprised one case of bleeding for which hemostasis was achieved by performing coil embolization. Late adverse events comprised three cases of DPS migration; however, no additional intervention was required. Conclusion The use of plastic tubes/stents is safe and effective for EUSD of POPFCs.

To decide the policy to promote palliative care properly, a new questionnaire has been added to Patient’s behavior survey to assess Quality of Life (QOL) of inpatients and outpatients in Japan. The aim of this study was to survey QOL score of general population in Japan by using a questionnaire of patient’s behavior survey. A large nationwide postal survey was conducted from January through February 2013 in Japan. A total of 2400 subjects were selected randomly from among members of the general population who were 20 to 79 years of age and lived in Japan. A total of 978 (41.1%) questionnaires were analyzed, and reference data of QOL score weighted by the national standard value of sex-age group population were calculated. Correlation coefficients were calculated between QOL score and SF-8TM, Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group Performance Status (ECOG), Memorial Symptom Assessment Scale (MSAS) score. In addition, sociodemographic factors related to QOL score were evaluated. From the perspectives of public health and administrative policy, the results of this survey will provide important basic data to evaluate patient’s behavior survey broadly and continuously with the goal of establishing a palliative care system in Japan.

A 81-year-old man underwent CABG for angina pectoris. The grafts were all patent in postoperative coronary angiography and he was discharged on postoperative day 24. Pericardial and pleural effusion appeared in 1 month after surgery. After pericardial and pleural effusion drainage, we started steroid therapy. However, his symptoms did not improve. We performed pericardiectomy under the diagnosis of constrictive pericarditis. Diastolic dysfunction improved after the surgery, and he was discharged on postoperative day 117.

We clarify the effect of combination of low-carbohydrate diet and resistance exercise training on physical characteristics and plasma concentrations of metabolites and hormones in humans. Intervention of low-carbohydrate diet and resistance exercise training were performed on 7 healthy men and 3 women (age 39.6 ± 7.0 year; BMI 25.1 ± 3.6 kg/m2) for 8 - 12 weeks. Physical characteristics and 106 test items including and blood concentrations of metabolites and hormones were measured before and after the intervention. The effects of intervention were analyzed by a paired t-test, in which multiple testing was corrected by the method of Storey (significant variation q <0.1). In both men and women, carbohydrate and energy intake per day were low, and protein intake per day was almost the same as the recommended dietary allowance. Because carbohydrate intake were limited (174 kcal), resulting in reduction of total energy (1186 kcal). After the intervention, body weight, BMI (Body Mass Index), fat mass, body fat, muscle mass and body water content significantly decreased, while muscle mass per body mass significantly increased. Glycine, 3-methyl histidine, inorganic phosphorous, urea nitrogen, urea nitrogen per creatinine, were significantly increased, while HbA1c, white blood cell count, β-aminoisobutyric acid, adrenalin, free T4, blood ammonia, γGTP, cholinesterase, and leptin were decreased.

BACKGROUND: Oral food challenge (OFC) tests are conducted in both specialized institutions and general hospitals. We aimed to compare the severity of the conditions of the patients between these 2 types of institutions in order to consider the role of such institutions in society. OBJECTIVE: We evaluated the results of OFC tests for hen's egg, cow's milk, and wheat that were conducted in a specialized institution (Aichi Children's Health and Medical Center [ACHMC], n = 835) and in 4 general hospitals (n = 327) in Aichi prefecture, Japan. METHODS: The symptoms provoked were scored using the total score (TS) of the Anaphylaxis Scoring Aichi scoring system in combination with the total ingested protein dose (Pro) before the appearance of allergic symptoms. RESULTS: The total ingested dose of the challenge-positive patients in ACHMC was significantly less than that in the general hospitals (p < 0.01). The median TS of the provoked symptoms in ACHMC and the general hospitals did not differ to a statistically significant extent in the hen's egg or cow's milk challenges; however, the median TS in ACHMC was significantly lower than that in the general hospitals for the wheat challenge (p = 0.02). The median TS/Pro values in ACHMC were almost identical to the upper 25% of the TS/Pro values in the general hospitals, suggesting that the specialized institution usually managed more severe patients. CONCLUSION: The specialized institution performed OFC tests at a lower threshold dose, but provoked similar TSs to the general hospitals. This evaluation may help in optimizing the distribution of patients to general hospitals and specialized institutions.
Anaphylaxis ; Child Health ; Hospitals, General ; Hospitals, Special ; Humans ; Japan ; Milk ; Ovum ; Severity of Illness Index ; Triticum

STUDY DESIGN: Prospective experimental study on humans. PURPOSE: To determine whether postural differences during a low-speed impact are observed in the sagittal and axial views, particularly in a relaxed state. OVERVIEW OF LITERATURE:: Three-dimensional motion capture systems have been used to analyze posture and head-neck-torso kinematics in humans during a simulated low-speed impact, yet little research has focused on the axial view. Since a seatbelt asymmetrically stabilizes a drivers right shoulder and left lower waist into the seat, it potentially creates movement in the axial view. METHODS: Three healthy adult men participated in the experimental series, which used a low-speed sled system. The acceleration pulse created a full sine shape with a maximum acceleration of 8.0 m/s2 at 500 ms, during which the kinematics were evaluated in relaxed and tensed states. The three-dimensional motion capture system used eight markers to record and analyze body movement and head-neck-torso kinematics in the sagittal and axial views during the low-speed impact. Head and trunk rotation angles were also calculated. RESULTS: Larger movements were observed in the relaxed than in the tensed state in the sagittal view. The cervical and thoracic spine flexed and extended, respectively, in the relaxed state. In the axial view, larger movements were also observed in the relaxed state than in the tensed state, and the left shoulder rotated. CONCLUSIONS: During simulated frontal impact, the rotation angle between the head and trunk was significantly larger in the relaxed state. Therefore, we recommend also observing movement in the axial view during impact tests.
Acceleration ; Adult ; Biomechanical Phenomena* ; Head ; Humans ; Imaging, Three-Dimensional ; Male ; Posture ; Prospective Studies ; Shoulder ; Spine* ; Transcutaneous Electric Nerve Stimulation*

A 64-year-old man under dialysis was referred for surgical treatment of Crawford type I thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysm. He had a history of idiopathic portal hypertension and chronic total occulusion of supra-renal abdominal aorta and appeared to have massive development of collateral arteries and veins in the abdomen. We chose endovascular repair with debranching of visceral arteries and bypass grafting to bilateral superficial femoral artery considering bleeding from collateral arteries and veins by conventional open surgery. Postoperative CT scan revealed no endoleak and all debranched and bypass grafts were patent. He was discharged with no postoperative complications including paraplegia.

Purpose: To compare the effects of aging in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) on their clinical background and hospitalization progress, and to examine the relationships between age and these factors.
Subject: One hundred and fifty-three patients who experienced cardiac rehabilitation after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) (63.8±11.1 y.o, 126 men, 27 women).
Method: The patients were divided into the middle aged group (<65 y.o, n=84), young old group (65 to 74 y.o, n=44), and old group (75 y.o≥ n=25). The differences between groups were examined in respect of 13 items about clinical backgrounds (responsibility coronary arteries, CKmax, LVEF, residual stenosis, hypertension, diabetes, hyperlipemia, smoking, and BMI) and hospitalization progress (cardiac complications, locomotorium disabilities, abnormality as 200mECG, and duration of hospitalization).
Results: Left veticular ejection fraction (LVEF) was significantly lower in the old group than in the young old group. The old group had a high rate of residual stenosis. In the coronary risk factors, all of the groups had hypertension at a high rate of 54.5% or over. The middle aged group and young old group had diabetes at about 38%. The middle aged group was prone to hyperlipemia, and had significantly a high smoking rate. Body mass index (BMI) was significantly higher in the middle aged group than in the old group. In hospitalization progress, the old group had a high rate of cardiac complications and locomotorium disability. The duration of hospitalization was significantly longer in the old group than in the other groups.
Conclusion: It would be necessary to give middle-aged persons educational guidance for the improvement of the coronary risk factors, and to provide the old persons with the suitable rehabilitation programs considering various complications.