[Objective] To explore the clinical application of cutaneous ureterostomy-flap embedding in radical cystectomy plus urinary diversion. [Methods] The clinical data of 10 patients with bladder cancer treated with this method in our hospital during Feb.and May 2023 were involved.Cutaneous ureterostomy-flap embedding was used in urinary diversion.The stoma-free rate and stenosis rate of stomas within 1 year postoperatively, differences in renal function indicators 1 day before operation and 1 year after operation, urinary diversion-related complications within 6 months postoperatively, including hydronephrosis, urinary tract infections, renal stones were analyzed. [Results] All surgeries were successfully completed.At 1 year postoperatively, renal function indicators showed no significant difference compared to preoperative levels (P>0.05). At 6 months postoperatively, 1 patient developed renal stones, successfully treated with surgery; 2 had urinary tract infection, recovered after antibiotic treatment; 2 had mild unilateral hydronephrosis, alleviated with conservative management.At 1 year postoperatively, the catheter-free rate was 80%(8/10), with no worsening of hydronephrosis or occurrence of ureteral obstruction, and the stent placement duration ranged from 97 to 211 days, average (151.63±42.47) days.The ureteral stent was not removed in 2 patients within 1 year, so the stoma stenosis rate was 20%(2/10). [Conclusion] The application of flap embedding in urinary diversion following radical cystectomy is a simple and safe procedure, with few postoperative complications, high success rate of stent removal, and overall favorable outcomes.

Objective To investigate the diagnostic value of narrow-band imaging for flat bladder lesions.Methods Forty-nine patients with flat bladder lesions diagnosed by white light cystoscopy + narrow-band imaging followed by transurethral resection were included.The diagnostic value of narrow-band imaging was evaluated based on postoperative pathological results.Results A total of 59 flat lesions were identified,in which 8 were normal urothelium,3 were chronic inflammation,1 was papillary urothelial neoplasm of low malignant potential,1 were mild dysplasia,1 was moderate dysplasia,1 were severe dysplasia,3 were carcinoma in situ,16 were low-grade papillary urothelial carcinoma,16 were high-grade papillary urothelial carcinoma,and 8 were invasive papillary urothelial carcinoma.For narrow-band imaging,the sensitivity was 86.7 ％ (39/45),specificity was 57.1％ (8/14),diagnostic accuracy was 79.7 ％ (47/ 59),false-positive rate was 42.9％ (6/14),positive predictive value was 86.7％ (39/45),negative predictive value was 57.1％ (8/14),area under ROC curve was 0.719.Among these lesions,the sensitivity and specificity for postoperative recurrent lesions were 100％ (3/3) and 40％ (2/5),respectively,and those for erythematous patch-like lesions were 90％ (9/10) and 100％ (4/4),respectively.Conclusion Narrow-band imaging can improve the detection rate for flat bladder tumor lesions,and reduce the risk for missed diagnosis under white light cystoscopy,especially for otherwise indistinguishable erythematous patch-like lesions.

Objective To perform an exploratory investigation on confocal laser endomicroscopy (CLE) in the diagnosis of malignant bladder tumour.Methods From June 10 to July 11,2017,6 male bladder cancer patients underwent white light cystoscopy (WLC) + CLE examination,aging 64-86 years (median 72 years).All patients received TURBT on suspected lesions.WLC and CLE imaging results were recorded and validated by pathologic specimens.Results Lesions confirmed by histopathology were 3 low grade non-invasive papillary urothelial carcinomas,1 high grade non-invasive papillary urothelial carcinoma,1 low grade invasive urothelial carcinoma,1 high grade invasive urothelial carcinoma,1 carcinoma in situ (CIS),1 high grade dysplasia,1 cystitis glandularis,1 chronic inflammation,and 1 scar tissue.For CLE images in the normal urothelium,three layers of cells with different presentation were observed,namely,the superficial umbrella cells,the intermediate cells smaller in size and uniformly shaped,and the capillary network in the lamina propria.For non-invasive urothelial carcinoma,tumour cells appeared as papillary lesions growing from fibrovascular cores,with low grade cells appearing monomorphic and more cohesively arranged,and high grade cells relatively pleomorphic,more disorganised and with tortuous blood vessels in the fibrovascular core.For invasive urothelial carcinoma,tumour cells invaded the lamina propria,with uniform appearances,poor cohesion and indistinct cellular borders,and high grade ones were more pleomorphic.CIS and inflammation both appeared as erythematous patch-like flat lesions under WLC and sometimes difficult to differentiate.Under CLE,the former appeared as dysplastic and disorganised cells with indistinct cellular borders,with intact lamina propria,and inflammatory cells were discovered as infiltrative clusters in the lamina propria that were uniformly shaped and loosely connected.Dysplasia appeared somewhat similar compared with CIS under WLC,but with lower cellular irregularity as confirmed with pathology.Cellular appearance and structure in scar tissue was similar to that in the normal urothelium,but superficial umbrella cells were more likely absent,with thinner cell layers,and inflammatory infiltration was sometimes discovered in the lamina propria.Conclusions CLE provides real-time cellular imaging of the urothelium,and shows promising potential for clinical diagnosis,especially in differentiating fiat urothelial lesions.Large prospective studies are required for further validation.

Objective To investigate the surgical effort of transurethral bipolar plasma kinetic resection (PKR-BT) on who cannot tolerate radical cystectomy in elderly patients with high-risk infiltration bladder urothelial cancer.Methods From 2010 January to 2013 September,data from 27 cases of elderly had been reviewed.The risk of invasive bladder urothelial cancer were treated with PKR-BT treatment.All patients met WHO elderly standards in this group of patients with severe diabetes was 7 cases,and other comlications.Results All 27 patients had been successful in operation and postoperative recovery.Patients were followed up for 4-45 months,8 cases occured recurrence,6 cases of PKR-BT again,2 cases missed,complete follow up 25 patients still survived,the median follow-up time was 23.6 months,the longest survival was 45 months.Conclusion PKR-BT in the treatment of invasive bladder urothelial cancer patients is safe and effective,it can be used as one of the alternate treatment for such patients.

Objective To screen for new methylation association genes in HL-60 to reveal the pathogenesis of leukemia, and provide important theoretical and scientific basis for the prevention and cure of leukemia. Methods Two-dimensional fluorescence difference gel electrophoresis (F-2D-DIGE) was performed to separate the total proteins from acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) cell line HL-60 cells with or without 5-aza-2-deoxycytidine (5-aza-2-dC) treatment. Imaging software Decyder 6.5 and PDQuest were used to detect the differential expression protein spots, and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionizaion time-of-flight mas spectrometer (MALDI-TOF MS) was adopted to identify the differential expression proteins. Results F-2D-DIGE maps of 5-aza-2-dC-untreated HL-60 and-treated HL-60 cells were established. A total of 53 differential protein spots were detected, and 35 differential proteins were successfully identified. Of the identified proteins, 32 proteins were up-regulated, and 3 proteins were down-regulated in HL-60 cells after 5-aza-2-dC treatment.Conclusion Thirty-five differential proteins may be associated with methylation in HL-60 cell line, which provides the important clues for epigenetic study of leukemia.

Objective To search for lymph node metastasis-associated proteins in human lung squamous carcinoma (hLSC).Methods Laser capture microdissection (LCM) was used to purify the target cells from lung primary tumor and matched lymph node metastatic tumor in hLSC. Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE) was performed to separate the total proteins of microdissected tumor cells from lung primary tumor and matched lymph node metastatic tumor. PDQuest software was applied to analyze 2-DE images. Differential protein spots between the two types of tissues were identified by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS). The expression of Rho-GDIα, one of the differential proteins, in the microdissected lung primary tumor cells (LPTC) and matched lymph node metastatic tumor cells (LNMTC) was detected by Western blot. Results In the present study, 2-DE patterns of microdissected LPTC and LNMTC were established, and 22 differential proteins in the above two tissues were identified, of which 14 were down-regulated in LNMTC and 8 were up-regulated in LNMTC.Conclusion The 22 differential proteins may play some roles in the process of lymph node metastasis in hLSC, and the data provide new clues for metastasis-associated biomarker screen and mechanism of hLSC.

Objective To investigate differential expression of Raf kinase inhibitor protein (RKIP)in gastric cancer and its clinical significance.Methods Pure gastric adenocarcinoma cells (GAC)and paracancerous gastric epithelial cells(NGEC)in 12 patient with gastric cancer were obtained using laser capture microdissection(LCM).After trypsin digestion all specimens were labeled with18O/16O.Quantitatively identification of differentially expressed proteins between GCC and NGEC was conducted using Nano-HPLC-MS/MS.The expression of RKIP in GAC was determined by Western blotting.Immunohistochemistry(IHC)was used to detect the expression of RKIP in gastric cancer(n=118),non-cancerous mucosa tissues(n=70)and matched positive lymph node tissues(n=35).Results A total of 78 differentially expressed proteins were identified and RKIP was downexpressed in GCC compared with NGEC(1:4.37).IHC examination revealed that positive expression of RKIP in gastric cancer had negative relation with deeper invasion,TNM stage and lymphoid node metastasis,while it had positive relation with histological differentiation(P＜0.05).Conclusion Down-regulation of RKIP in gastric cancer tissues might affect the biological behavior of gastric cancer.

Objective To identify proteins eliciting a humoral immune response in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) by a serological proteome analysis, and provide candidate biomarkers for diagnosis and treatment of NPC.Methods Two-dimensional (2-DE) electropboresis was used to separate total cellular proteins from 19 NPC tissues.Separated proteins were transferred onto PVDF membranes and sera from 19 NPC patients and 19 healthy subjects were individually screened by western blotting for antibodies that react against separated proteins.Each tissue samples was subjected to three 2-DE gels and coomassie staining was performed in one of them.The protein spots which selectively reacted with the patient sera were excised from the preparative gels and subjected to further analysis of MOLDI-TOF MS and ESI-QTOF MS/MS.The proteins were identified based on peptide mass fingerprints and peptide sequence tags followed by searching database.Results In this study, 13 NPC associated antigens (HSP 70, HAS,HSP 60, CK 15, LAP 3, α-enolase, EBP 1, CK 19, ribosomal protein P 0, pyrovate dehydrogenase E1,guanine nucleotide-binding protein, prohibitin, Rho-GDI 2) that elicited an antibody response in most of NTC patients were identified.The positivities of these proteins were more than 21% all in NPC patients, but were lower or even absent in normal subjects.Conclusion These 13 NPC associated antigens and their autoantibodies may be useful for NPC diagnosis and treatment.

OBJECTIVE: To establish the protein expression map of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC), and provide a basis for proteomic study of NPC. METHODS: Laser capture microdissection (LCM) was used to isolate cancer cells from NPC tissues. Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis(2-DE) was used to separate the total proteins of LCM purified NPC cells. Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-time of flight-mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS) was performed to identify the proteins, and bioinformatics was used to construct the 2-DE database of NPC proteome. RESULTS: A 2-DE reference map of NPC was established. On the 2-DE map, a total of (1 312+/-30) protein spots were detected, and 427 protein spots representing 241 non-redundant proteins were identified. The 2-DE database of NPC proteome was constructed. These data could be accessed at our website (http://www.xyproteomics.org). CONCLUSION A protein expression profile of LCM purified NPC tissues has been established for the first time, which provides useful information and source for proteomic study of NPC.
Computational Biology ; Gene Expression Profiling ; Humans ; Lasers ; Microdissection ; methods ; Nasopharyngeal Neoplasms ; genetics ; metabolism ; Neoplasm Proteins ; genetics ; isolation & purification ; metabolism ; Proteome ; metabolism ; Proteomics ; methods ; Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization

In order to screen EGFR-regulated secreted proteins in human nasopharyngeal carcinoma(NPC), and to reveal the role and mechanism of epidermal growth factor receptor(EGFR) in the pathogenesis of NPC. NPC cell line CNE2 cells were cultured in serum-free medium and stimulated by transforming growth factor-? (TGF-?) for 24 h in experimental group. Control CNE2 cells were cultured at the same condition but without TGF-? stimulation. The culture medium of control and experimental cells was desalted and concentrated through ultrafiltration to prepared the total secreted proteins. Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE) was used to separate the secreted proteins of control and experimental cells, PDQuest software was applied to analyze 2-DE images, and the differential protein spots between the control and experimental cells were identified by desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS). The 2-DE patterns of the secreted proteins of TGF-? stimulated and un-stimulated CNE2 cells were established, 22 differential proteins spots between the two groups of cells were found, and 8 non-redundant proteins were identified with MALDI-TOF-MS, the functions of which were involved in invasion, metastasis, apoptosis and proliferation of cancer cells. The data will be valuable for further to study the role and mechanism of EGFR in the pathogenesis of NPC.