Objective:To investigate the association between congenital hypothyroidism (CH) and the adverse outcomes during hospitalization in very low birth weight infants (VLBWI).Methods:This prospective, multicenter observational cohort study was conducted based on the data from the Sino-northern Neonatal Network (SNN). Data of 5 818 VLBWI with birth weight <1 500 g and gestational age between 24-<37 weeks that were admitted to the 37 neonatal intensive care units from January 1 st, 2019 to December 31 st, 2022 were collected and analyzed. Thyroid function was first screened at 7 to 10 days after birth, followed by weekly tests within the first 4 weeks, and retested at 36 weeks of corrected gestational age or before discharge. The VLBWI were assigned to the CH group or non-CH group. Chi-square test, Fisher exact probability method, Wilcoxon rank sum test, univariate and multivariate Logistic regression were used to analyze the relationship between CH and poor prognosis during hospitalization in VLBWI. Results:A total of 5 818 eligible VLBWI were enrolled, with 2 982 (51.3%) males and the gestational age of 30 (29, 31) weeks. The incidence of CH was 5.5% (319 VLBWI). Among the CH group, only 121 VLBWI (37.9%) were diagnosed at the first screening. Univariate Logistic regression analysis showed that CH was associated with increased incidence of extrauterine growth retardation (EUGR) ( OR=1.31(1.04-1.64), P<0.05) and retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) of stage Ⅲ and above ( OR=1.74(1.11-2.75), P<0.05). However, multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed no significant correlation between CH and EUGR, moderate to severe bronchopulmonary dysplasia, grade Ⅲ to Ⅳ intraventricular hemorrhage, neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis in stage Ⅱ or above, and ROP in stage Ⅲ or above ( OR=1.04 (0.81-1.33), 0.79 (0.54-1.15), 1.15 (0.58-2.26), 1.43 (0.81-2.53), 1.12 (0.70-1.80), all P>0.05). Conclusion:There is no significant correlation between CH and in-hospital adverse outcomes, possibly due to timely diagnosis and active replacement therapy.

Objective To explore the mechanism of butylphthalide(NBP)in regulating microglia acti-vation and inflammatory cytokine expression in the hippocampus of the mouse model of delayed encephalopathy af-ter carbon monoxide poisoning(DEACMP).Methods Wild-type C57 adult mice with normal cognitive function were selected,and DEACMP was modeled by static inhalation of carbon monoxide.The mice were randomized in-to three groups:DEACMP,control,and NBP.The NBP group was administrated with NBP suspension at 6 mg/kg by gavage for 21 days,and the DEACMP and control groups were administrated with the same amount of vegeta-ble oil by gavage.The hippocampal injury was observed by HE staining.The protein level of ionized calcium-bind-ing adapter molecule 1(IBA1)was determined by Western blotting,and the levels of downstream inflammatory cytokines were measured by ELISA.Results Compared with the control group,the DEACMP and NBP groups showed prolonged escape latency(P=0.001,P=0.029),reduced nerve cells(P=0.001,P=0.035),up-regulated expression of IBA1(P=0.001,P=0.042),increased mean fluorescence intensity of IBA1(P=0.001,P=0.021),and elevated levels of tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α)(P=0.002,P=0.024),inter-leukin(IL)-6(P=0.001,P=0.015),and IL-1β(P=0.001,P=0.023).Compared with the DEACMP group,the NBP group showed shortened escape latency(P=0.025),increased nerve cells(P=0.039),down-regulated expression of IBA1(P=0.035),decreased average fluorescence intensity of IBA1(P=0.031),and lowered levels of TNF-α(P=0.028),IL-6(P=0.037),and IL-1 β(P=0.034).Conclusion NBP can inhibit the activation of microglia and reduce the expression of inflammatory factors,thereby alleviating cog-nitive dysfunction and brain tissue damage caused by DEACMP.

Prostate cancer is the second most common malignancy in men worldwide. An increasing trend for prostate cancer incidence was observed in China. Enormous studies have been conducted to investigate the association between dietary factors and prostate cancer, however conflicted results were obtained. Red meat, processed meat, and dairy products consumption were reported to be associated with the increased prostate cancer risk, while tomatoes, soybeans and green tea might reduce the risk of prostate cancer occurance. However, no consensus could be reached without strong evidence. Furthermore, further studies are needed to investigate the association between vitamin and mineral supplements and prostate cancer risk. Some studies reported that men with higher dietary inflammatory index scores increased prostate cancer risk. There may be a long susceptible period when dietary factors affect prostate cancer risk, which poses challenges for collecting exposure and the follow-up. Measure bias and detection bias are the main reasons which impair the authenticity of studies on the relationship of dietary factors and prostate cancer risk. Researchers should apply various methods to measure participants′ dietary consumption levels and ascertain essential outcomes, such as prostate cancer death. This article reviews updated epidemiological evidences on the association of dietary factors and prostate cancer, aims to benefit future nutritional epidemiology studies focus on the prostate cancer prevention.

Prostate cancer is the second most common malignancy in men worldwide. An increasing trend for prostate cancer incidence was observed in China. Enormous studies have been conducted to investigate the association between dietary factors and prostate cancer, however conflicted results were obtained. Red meat, processed meat, and dairy products consumption were reported to be associated with the increased prostate cancer risk, while tomatoes, soybeans and green tea might reduce the risk of prostate cancer occurance. However, no consensus could be reached without strong evidence. Furthermore, further studies are needed to investigate the association between vitamin and mineral supplements and prostate cancer risk. Some studies reported that men with higher dietary inflammatory index scores increased prostate cancer risk. There may be a long susceptible period when dietary factors affect prostate cancer risk, which poses challenges for collecting exposure and the follow-up. Measure bias and detection bias are the main reasons which impair the authenticity of studies on the relationship of dietary factors and prostate cancer risk. Researchers should apply various methods to measure participants′ dietary consumption levels and ascertain essential outcomes, such as prostate cancer death. This article reviews updated epidemiological evidences on the association of dietary factors and prostate cancer, aims to benefit future nutritional epidemiology studies focus on the prostate cancer prevention.

Objective: To analyze the etiology and epidemiological characteristics of influenza in Wenzhou from 2009 to 2014, so as to provide the scientific basis for control and prevention of influenza. Methods: Throat swab specimens of influenza like illness (ILI) were collected from national influenza surveillance sentinel hospitals for nucleic acid detection with real-time PCR and virus isolation, culture and sequencing, and the results were analyzed with statistical methods. Results: During the 8 years, a total of 10 577 089 cases from outpatient and emergency department were monitored in sentinel hospitals. There were 337 896 ILI cases with an average ILI treatment rate of 3.19%. A total of 4 046 ILI samples were detected in children, 511 were positive for influenza, the positive rate was 12.63%. Among the detected influenza types, type B had the highest proportion, followed by H3N2. Among the 6 age groups, the number of flu patients was the highest in 0-3 years old group, the positive rate in 10-12 years old group was the highest (35.03%). There were 28 and 45 amino acid sequence mutations of HA fragment in influenza A and B, respectively, which included multiple mutation of 391 and 145 amino acids. The phylogenetic analysis showed that the strains of type B were different in different years, and Yamagata evolved into Y1 and Y2 two branches. Conclusions The prevalence peaks of influenza in children occurred in winter and spring in Wenzhou city, accompanied by small peaks in summer. Three subtypes of serotypes B, H3N2 and A(H1N1) dominated alternatively in Wenzhou during the 8 years. We should focus on strengthening the prevention and control of influenza in preschool children and primary and secondary school students.

Objective To analyze the clinical features of candida arthritis and to conduct literature review to improve diagnosis and treatment.Methods From January 2008 to June 2018,eighteen patients (5 females and 13 males) with candida arthritis were admitted to two hospitals.The mean age at diagnosis was 59±8 (range 48-71 years).The diagnosis was determined based on joint fluid aspirate in all cases and on intra-operative samples in 1 patients.Seventeen patients received MR examination,and on epatient who underwent total knee arthroplasty underwent knee X-ray examination.The clinical features,risk factors,clinical manifestations,etiology,treatment and prognosis are recorded.Results Knee joints were involved in all patients as infection sites.Seventeen patients had risk factors for candida infection,including diabetes mellitus in 2 patients,artificial joint replacement in 1,and glucocorticoid injection in the joint cavity in 16.Swelling and pain were presented in all cases.Peripheral blood leukocytes were increased or normal,while C-reactive protein (CRP) and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) were increased.Magnetic resonance showed joint effusion and slip membrane hyperplasia.Joint turbidity and synovial hyperplasia were presented by arthroscopy.X-ray demonstrated swelling of soft tissue around the prosthesis and bone absorption around the prosthesis.The most frequent species was non-candida albicans.Susceptibility to antifungals was tested in all cases.Thirteen patients underwent surgery combined with antifungal therapy,while 4 patients only received antifungal therapy and 1 patient refused to treat.The duration of antifungal therapy was from 6 weeks to 52 weeks (median,12 weeks).Twelve cases were treated with fluconazole and 1 with voriconazole,1 with voriconazole and fluconazole,1 with fluconazole combined with lipid formulation amphotericin B,1 with terbinatine and fluconazole,1 with flucytosine combined with tluconazole.Seventeen cases were followed up for 3 to 72 months.At final follow-up,twelve patients were healed,while 1 case was amputated and 4 patients relapsed and refused further treatment.Conclusion As a rare disease,candida arthritis is usually happened after artificial joint replacement and in high-risk patients with diabetes and immunosuppressant applications.In immunoeompetent patients without surgery,infection may be related to multiple injections into the joim cavity with glucocorticoids.The infection may be difficult to be diagnosed and with poor prognosis.Surgery with long-term antifungal therapy is required.

Objective Our purpose was to investigate the pathogenic gene mutation of a Han Chinese family with vitreous amyloidosis.Methods The 9 individuals(proband,1 affected member and 7 unaffected members) of the family were selected and their DNA was extracted from peripheral blood.The 4 exons of transthyretin(TTR) gene were amplified by polymerase chain reaction(PCR) technique.The amplified products of TTR gene were sequencing by Sanger technique.We also selected 100 unrelated healthy individual as the control group.Results By DNA sequencing,a heterozygous mutation was found in 4 of the 9 subjects from the family.The transition of adenine to cytosine(AAG ＞ ACG) was detectable in exon 2 of TTR,which changed the amino acid composition at codon 35 (Lys35Thr).This mutation did not presented in control group.Conclusion The heterozygosis mutation of TTR gene Lys35Thr should be a pathogenic mutation for the family with vitreous amyloidosis.

AIM:To investigate the effects of high plasma triglyceride (TG) caused by apolipoprotein C Ⅲ( ApoC Ⅲ) transgene on the occurrence and development of abdominal aortic aneurysm ( AAA) .METHODS:The animal models of hypercholesterolemia and hypercholesterolemia combined with hypertriglyceridemia were established by feeding high-fat diet to LDLR-/-and ApoC Ⅲ+LDLR-/-mice, respectively.AAA was induced in these mice by pancreatic elastase. By evaluating the incidence of AAA, relative maximal abdominal aortic diameter, disruption of the elastic lamellar structure and expression of matrix metalloproteinases ( MMPs) in the aorta walls of the AAA, the occurrence and development of AAA were compared in LDLR-/-and ApoC Ⅲ+LDLR-/-mice fed with either chow diet or high-fat diet.In addition, an in vitro TNF-α-induced aneurysmal microenvironment model on vascular smooth muscle cells ( VSMC) was used to study the impact of triglyceride-rich lipoproteins ( TRLs) from mice with normal or high contents of ApoCⅢon elastin protein expres-sion.RESULTS:Feeding the high-fat diet aggravated the severity of AAA in the LDLR-/-mice.ApoC Ⅲ+LDLR-/-mice fed with high-fat diet had less severe AAA than LDLR-/-mice fed with high-fat diet.TRLs inhibited degradation of VSMC elas-tin protein induced by TNF-α, and in vitro TRLs from the mice with high content of ApoC Ⅲ, compared to those with nor-mal content of ApoC Ⅲ, had better inhibitory effect on the degradation of elastin.CONCLUSION:High plasma TG caused by ApoC Ⅲtransgene alleviates AAA of the LDLR-/-mice induced by elastase and high-fat diet.The effect is probably attrib-uted to the hypertriglyceridemia caused by ApoC Ⅲtransgene.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the changes of laryngeal cancer Hep-2 cells to cisplatin chemosensitivity after the interference of siRNA of β-catenin gene expression. METHOD: Using a small interference RNA (siRNA) technology interfere β-catenin gene of Hep-2 cells . The mRNA and protein levels of β-catenin in the Hep-2 cells of different groups were detected by qPCR and Western blot. It was divided into siRNA-β-catenin-Hep-2 siRNA group, β-catenin-Neg negative control group and blank control group. Cell proliferation inhibition rate of different concentrations of cisplatin on three groups was detected by MTT assay. Calculate the 50% inhibitory effective concentration IC50 value. Check the change of three groups of cells' apoptosis rate by flow cytometry after the same concentrations of cisplatin stimulation. RESULT: β-catenin-siRNA interference fragment can specifically reduce the expression levels of β-catenin mRNA and protein. qPCR illustrated the expression of mRNA in β-catenin-siR-NA-Hep-2 interference group decreased 70% (P < 0.05) compared with the control group, Western blot results showed that the β-catenin protein expression of interference group (0. 545 ± 0.111) decreased significantly compared with blank control group (1.507 ± 0.139) and negative control group (1.429 ± 0.089), P < 0.05. The IC50 calculation software showed that IC50 of cisplatin on β-catenin-siRNA IC50 interference group is (5.81 ± 0.46)μg/ml, the blank control group is (10.10 ± 1.01) μg/ml, the difference between the two groups has statistical signifi- cance (P < 0.01). Cell apoptosis rate of β-catenin-siRNA interference group was (26.15 ± 0.60)%, significantly higher than the control group (14.16 ± 0.05)%, P < 0.05. CONCLUSION To interfere the expression of β-catenin can effectively enhance the sensitivity of laryngeal cancer cells to chemotherapeutic drugs cisplatin. It provides a theoretical support for the reduction of laryngeal cancer chemotherapy drug cisplatin dosage.
Apoptosis ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cisplatin ; pharmacology ; Drug Resistance, Neoplasm ; Humans ; Laryngeal Neoplasms ; genetics ; RNA Interference ; RNA, Messenger ; RNA, Small Interfering ; beta Catenin ; genetics

OBJECTIVE: To explore the possibility mechanism of non-side population cells (NSP) of Hep-2 be induced into stem-like cancer cells by chemotherapy drug--cisplatin. METHOD: Hep-2 cell lines were sorted by fluorescence-actived cell sorting. The acquired NSP cells in trail group were co-cultured with cisplatin for more than 48 hours,while the control group with normal saline(NS). Then identified the percentage of the side population (SP) cells by flow cytometer. The β-catenin, notch-1 mRNA in trial and control group were detected using quantitative realtime PCR, and the β-catenin, notch-1 protein in two groups were compared by Western blot. RESULT: The percentage of side population cells in two groups were (17.16 ± 0.18)%, (10.05 ± 1.20)%, respectively. There was significant difference between two groups (t = 5.844, P < 0.01). The expression of β-catenin, notch-1 was higher in trail group by qRT-PCR; the protein levels of β- catenin, notch-1 was found to inceased in the trail group by Western blot (t = 5.155, P = 0.031; t = 5.977, P = 0.004). Statistical analysis showed significant difference between two groups (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION NSP cells can be differentiated into stem-like cancer cells after being treating with cisplatin. The supposed mechanism is maybe through wnt/β-catenin, notch signaling transduction pathway abnormalities.
Antineoplastic Agents ; pharmacology ; Cell Differentiation ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cell Separation ; Cisplatin ; pharmacology ; Flow Cytometry ; Humans ; Laryngeal Neoplasms ; pathology ; Neoplastic Stem Cells ; drug effects ; RNA, Messenger ; Signal Transduction ; beta Catenin