Objective:To determine the relative correction factor of pre-vitamin D and simplify the calculation method of vitamin D assay.Methods:By studying the calculation method of vitamin D content in drug standards of various countries,HPLC was used to determine the relative correction factor of pre-vitamin D,and the influencing factors of determination were investigated.Results:The relative correction factors of pre-vitamin D at 254 nm and 265nm wavelength were determined by statistical analysis of 7 laboratories in China.Conclusion:Using the pre-vi-tamin D relative correction factor method to calculate the total amount of vitamin D simplified the experimental steps can be simplified by the pre-vitamin D relative correction factor method to calculate the total amount of vitamin D and the random operating errors can be avoided.The method is rapid and accurate,and lay a solid foundation for further improving the standard of vitamin D preparations.

Bladder cancer ranks 12th in the statistical spectrum of death from malignant tumor pa-tients,its incidence rate is high,the patients population is showing a trend of youthfulness,moreover it is easy to develop metastasis and recurrence.In recent years,the immunotherapy has been gradually promoted in the patients with advanced bladder cancer who cannot receive the cisplatin chemotherapy or who are resistant to chemotherapy,in particular,the immune checkpoint inhibitors(ICIs)represented by programmed cell cleath-1(PD-1)/programmed cell cleath-ligand 1(PD-L1)are dominant,although ICIs represented by PD-1/PD-L1 has achieved good efficacy in immunotherapy.However,due to the increase in immune escape events,only a-bout 30％of patients benefit from immunotherapy.Therefore,there is an urgent need to develop the treatment regimen for the patients with bladder cancer immune escape.Recently,the tumor microenvironment(TME)has become a research hotspot,especially the immunosuppressive cells in TME.There are 5 types of cells with immunosuppressive function in TME:tumor-associated macrophages(TAMs),regulatory T cells(Tregs),bone marrow-derived suppressor cells(MDSCs),tumor-associated central granulocytes(MDSCs)and tumor-associated fibroblasts(CAFs),which play an important role in tumor immune escape.This paper elaborated the composition and function of TAMs in TME and prospects the tumor promoting mechanism of bladder cancer TAMs and targeted treatment of bladder cancer TAMs.

Objective: Previous research has explored a variety of mental disorders associated with Internet Gaming Disoder (IGD) and Social Media Addiction (SMA). To date, few studies focused on the network characteristics and investigated mood and sleep symptoms across SMA and IGD of adolescence at a group-specific level. This study aims to identify different characteristics of IGD and SMA and further determine the group-specific psychopathology process among adolescents. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study to recruit a cohort of 7,246 adolescents who were scored passing the cutoff point of Internet Gaming Disorder Scale-Short Form and Bergen Social Media Addiction Scale, as grouped in IGD and SMA, or otherwise into the control group. Patient Health Questionnaire-9, Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7-item, and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index were assessed for the current study, and all assessed items were investigated using network analysis. Results: Based on the analytical procedure, the participants were divided into three groups, the IGD group (n=789), SMA group (n=713) and control group (n=5,744). The edge weight bootstrapping analysis shows that different groups of networks reach certain accuracy, and the network structures of the three groups are statistically different (pcontrol-IGD=0.004, pcontrol-SMA<0.001, pIGD-SMA<0.001). The core symptom of SMA is “feeling down, depressed, or hopeless”, while IGD is “feeling tired or having little energy”. Conclusion Although IGD and SMA are both subtypes of internet addiction, the psychopathology processes of IGD and SMA are different. When dealing with IGD and SMA, different symptoms should be addressed.

Objective To observe the effect of immersion virtual reality (IVR) training combined with occupational therapy (OT) in the treatment of stroke patients with unilateral neglect. Methods Fifty stroke patients with unilateral neglect in Shanghai Fourth Rehabilitation Hospital were randomly divided into IVR plus OT group and OT group, with 25 cases in each group. The OT group received conventional OT for unilateral neglect, and the IVR plus OT group received IVR training and OT. Both groups were treated for 4 weeks. Before and after treatment, the Catherine Bergego Scale (CBS), line cancellation test, star cancellation test, and drawing clock test were used to evaluate unilateral neglect symptoms; the Fugl-Meyer Assessment for Upper Extremity (FMA-UE) and Barthel index (BI) were used to evaluate motor function of upper extremity and activities of daily living. Results After treatment, the results of CBS, line cancellation test, star cancellation test, drawing clock test, FMA-UE and BI scores were significantly improved when compared with those before treatment in both groups, and the improvement effects in the IVR plus OT group were significantly better than those in the OT group (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01). Conclusion IVR training combined with OT can improve unilateral neglect symptoms, motor function of affected upper extremity, and activities of daily living in stroke patients.

Objective:To evaluate deep learning for differentiating invasion depth of colorectal adenomas under image enhanced endoscopy (IEE).Methods:A total of 13 246 IEE images from 3 714 lesions acquired from November 2016 to June 2021 were retrospectively collected in Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Shenzhen Hospital of Southern Medical University and the First Hospital of Yichang to construct a deep learning model to differentiate submucosal deep invasion and non-submucosal deep invasion lesions of colorectal adenomas. The performance of the deep learning model was validated in an independent test and an external test. The full test was used to compare the diagnostic performance between 5 endoscopists and the deep learning model. A total of 35 videos were collected from January to June 2021 in Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University to validate the diagnostic performance of the endoscopists with the assistance of deep learning model.Results:The accuracy and Youden index of the deep learning model in image test set were 93.08% (821/882) and 0.86, which were better than those of endoscopists [the highest were 91.72% (809/882) and 0.78]. In video test set, the accuracy and Youden index of the model were 97.14% (34/35) and 0.94. With the assistance of the model, the accuracy of endoscopists was significantly improved [the highest was 97.14% (34/35)].Conclusion:The deep learning model obtained in this study could identify submucosal lesions with deep invasion accurately for colorectal adenomas, and could improve the diagnostic accuracy of endoscopists.

Objective:To analyze the occurrence characteristics of heat-related diseases in the 19th Hangzhou Asian Games beach volleyball events, strengthen the ability of prevention and early identification of heat-related diseases, and provide reference for the holding of large-scale outdoor events in summer and reasonable allocation of medical resources.Methods:The medical insurance of heat-related diseases of relevant personnel in the beach volleyball competition from September 19 to September 28, 2023 was retrospectively analyzed, and the incidence of heat-related diseases in the personnel involved in Asia was analyzed.Results:During the beach volleyball competition in Ningbo Region of the Hangzhou Asian Games, a total of 103 people were provided with health services in the medical service field (61 people had mild discomfort due to excessive outdoor temperature; Other cold, minor injury, bandage 42 people); Medical services provided 44 times (4 referrals). Among them, 11 cases were sports injury and trauma (29.5%), 11 cases were heat stroke and other related symptoms (25%), 6 cases were sunburn (13.6%), 10 cases were oral diseases of five senses (22.8%), 4 cases were upper respiratory tract infection (9.1%).Conclusions:The holding of large-scale outdoor events in summer should focus on heat-related diseases, and it is necessary to effectively do the corresponding planning work in advance in terms of reasonable allocation of medical resources and targeted training of professionals.

OBJECTIVES: Shelter hospital was an alternative way to provide large-scale medical isolation and treatment for people with mild coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Due to various reasons, patients admitted to the large shelter hospital was reported high level of psychological distress, so did the healthcare workers. This study aims to introduce a comprehensive and multifaceted psychosocial crisis intervention model. METHODS: The psychosocial crisis intervention model was provided to 200 patients and 240 healthcare workers in Wuhan Wuchang shelter hospital. Patient volunteers and organized peer support, client-centered culturally sensitive supportive care, timely delivery of scientific information about COVID-19 and its complications, mental health knowledge acquisition of non-psychiatric healthcare workers, group activities, counseling and education, virtualization of psychological intervention, consultation and liaison were exhibited respectively in the model. Pre-service survey was done in 38 patients and 49 healthcare workers using the Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7-item (GAD-7) scale, the Patient Health Questionnaire 2-item (PHQ-2) scale, and the Primary Care PTSD screen for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th edition (PC-PTSD-5). Forty-eight healthcare workers gave feedback after the intervention. RESULTS: The psychosocial crisis intervention model was successfully implemented by 10 mental health professionals and was well-accepted by both patients and healthcare workers in the shelter hospital. In pre-service survey, 15.8% of 38 patients were with anxiety, 55.3% were with stress, and 15.8% were with depression; 16.3% of 49 healthcare workers were with anxiety, 26.5% were with stress, and 22.4% were with depression. In post-service survey, 62.5% of 48 healthcare workers thought it was very practical, 37.5% thought more practical; 37.5% of them thought it was very helpful to relief anxiety and insomnia, and 27.1% thought much helpful; 37.5% of them thought it was very helpful to recognize patients with anxiety and insomnia, and 29.2% thought much helpful; 35.4% of them thought it was very helpful to deal with patients' anxiety and insomnia, and 37.5% thought much helpful. CONCLUSIONS Psychological crisis intervention is feasible, acceptable, and associated with positive outcomes. Future tastings of this model in larger population and different settings are warranted.
Humans ; COVID-19 ; Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders ; Crisis Intervention ; Psychosocial Intervention ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Mental Health ; Depression/epidemiology* ; Health Personnel/psychology* ; Anxiety/etiology*

Circadian rhythm is a phenomenon of diurnal changes in life activities formed by a transcription-translation feedback loop of biological clock genes affected by external environmental conditions. The circadian rhythm system controls almost all physiological processes in the organism, and these processes will change as the external environment changes. Previous studies have shown that the hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid axis in mammals is regulated by the central diurnal pacemaker of the suprachiasmatic nucleus of the hypothalamus, so part of the thyroid function is controlled by the biological clock, and the secretion of thyroid hormones in blood can present a circadian rhythm. However, the molecular mechanism of the biological clock's regulatory effect on thyroid is still unclear. Whether circadian rhythm interference is related to the disorder of thyroid function or the occurrence of thyroid diseases is worthy of attention. This paper focused on the research progress of biological clock, circadian rhythm, and thyroid function, specifically the characteristics of circadian rhythm of thyroid physiological function and the effects of sleep deprivation, light at night, and night shift work on thyroid function, elaborated the relationships of circadian rhythm disorder with thyroid function and thyroid diseases represented by thyroid malignant tumors. The review summarized that circadian rhythm disorder may disrupt the rhythmic secretion of thyroid hormones, but no clear conclusion is reached yet on any effect on thyroid diseases, especially thyroid malignant tumors, so it is necessary to further strengthen the relevant epidemiological and molecular mechanism research.

When this paper was first published, the authors’ affiliation