Objective Investigating the impact of miR-15a-5p on autophagy in trophoblast cells of pre-eclamptic placenta.Methods Collect 20 cases of normal placental tissue and 20 cases of preeclamptic placental tissue from December 2020 to December 2022.Use fluorescence quantitative PCR to detect the expression of miR-15a-5p in placental tissue and trophoblast cells,and study its correlation with patient blood pressure.The HTR8-S/Vneo cells are divided into normal group(control)and hypoxia group,and the effect of hypoxia on the expression of miR-15a-5p is observed.Additionally,mimic-NC group,mimic-NC+hypoxia group,miR-15a-5p mimic group,miR-15a-5p mimic+hypoxia group,inhibitor-NC group,inhibitor-NC+hypoxia group,miR-15a-5p inhibitor group,and miR-15a-5p inhibitor+hypoxia groups are set up to observe the effect of miR-15a-5p on hypoxia-induced autophagy-related proteins LC3B and p62 protein in trophoblast cells.Western blot is used to detect the expression levels of autophagy-related proteins LC3B and p62 protein in each group;TargetScan website predicts the target genes of miR-15a-5p,and detects their expression levels in placental tissue and trophoblast cells.Results Compared with the control group,the expression levels of miR-15a-5p were significantly increased in the placentas and hypoxic trophoblasts of preeclampsia,and they were positively correlated with the blood pressure of the patients.Under hypoxic conditions,the overexpressed miR-15a-5p promoted the protein expression of LC3BII/I,while the relative expression of P62 was decreased.But after interference with miR-15a-5p,LC3BII/I expression was down-regulated and P62 expression was up-regulated.The results of quantitative PCR and Western blot showed that the expression levels of YAP1 in the preeclampsia placental tissues and hypoxic trophoblasts were significantly reduced.Conclusion The upregulation of miR-15a-5p in trophoblast cells of the placenta in individuals with preeclampsia could enhance autophagy in preeclampsia by forming a complex with YAP1.

Objective: Previous research has explored a variety of mental disorders associated with Internet Gaming Disoder (IGD) and Social Media Addiction (SMA). To date, few studies focused on the network characteristics and investigated mood and sleep symptoms across SMA and IGD of adolescence at a group-specific level. This study aims to identify different characteristics of IGD and SMA and further determine the group-specific psychopathology process among adolescents. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study to recruit a cohort of 7,246 adolescents who were scored passing the cutoff point of Internet Gaming Disorder Scale-Short Form and Bergen Social Media Addiction Scale, as grouped in IGD and SMA, or otherwise into the control group. Patient Health Questionnaire-9, Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7-item, and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index were assessed for the current study, and all assessed items were investigated using network analysis. Results: Based on the analytical procedure, the participants were divided into three groups, the IGD group (n=789), SMA group (n=713) and control group (n=5,744). The edge weight bootstrapping analysis shows that different groups of networks reach certain accuracy, and the network structures of the three groups are statistically different (pcontrol-IGD=0.004, pcontrol-SMA<0.001, pIGD-SMA<0.001). The core symptom of SMA is “feeling down, depressed, or hopeless”, while IGD is “feeling tired or having little energy”. Conclusion Although IGD and SMA are both subtypes of internet addiction, the psychopathology processes of IGD and SMA are different. When dealing with IGD and SMA, different symptoms should be addressed.

Objective:To investigate the relationship between carotid atherosclerosis(CAS)and subclinical left ventricular(LV)dysfunction in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients with preserved LV ejection fraction(LVEF).Methods:A total of 120 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus who had LVEF≥50% were selected in the Department of Endocrinology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Air Force Medical University from June 2021 to October 2021. The global longitudinal strain(GLS)was obtained by two-dimensional speckle tracking echocardiography(STE)to assess subclinical LV systolic function. The mitral ratio of peak early to late diastolic filling velocity(E/A), and mitral velocity to early diastolic velocity of the mitral annulus(E/E′)ratio were obtained by pulsed tissue Doppler echocardiography to assess LV diastolic function. Acrroding to bilateral carotid ultrasound examination, the subjects were divided into normal carotid arteries group( n=46) and CAS group( n=74). Demographics and biochemical parameters were compared between two groups. Binary logistic regression and Pearson correlation analysis were used to evaluate the relationship between CAS and subclinical LV dysfunction. Results:The CAS group had a higher proportion of men, older age, and a longer duration of diabetes than the normal carotid arteries group(all P<0.05). There was no difference in LVEF and GLS between the two groups [normal carotid arteries group vs CAS group, LVEF: (60.72±4.73)% vs(60.07±4.28)%; GLS: (18.24±3.72)% vs(17.81±3.47)%, respectively; both P>0.05]. However, compared with normal carotid arteries group, E/A ratio was decreased and E/E′ ratio was significantly increased in CAS group(both P<0.01). Pearson correlation analysis showed that GLS was not correlated with carotid plaque thickness and carotid intima-media thickness(CIMT; both P>0.05). By contrast, E/E′ ratio was positively correlated with carotid plaque thickness and CIMT(both P<0.05). Binary logistic regression analysis showed that GLS and E/E′ ratio were not associated with CAS( both P>0.05). However, decreased E/A ratio was significantly associated with the existence of CAS( OR=0.09, 95% CI 0.01-0.67, P=0.018). Conclusions:In type 2 diabetes mellitus patients without overt heart failure and with preserved LVEF, the occurrence of CAS is not associated with subclinical LV systolic impairment assessed by GLS, but is significantly associated with LV diastolic dysfunction, and is independent of traditional cardiovascular risk factors.

Objective:To explore the mechanisms of prickle planar cell polarity protein 1 (PRICKLE1) involved in the occurrence of skeletal Class Ⅲ malocclusion.Methods:After extracting the genomic DNA of all family members of the skeletal Class Ⅲ malocclusion pedigree with maxillary hypoplasia collected in the Department of Orthodontics at the Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanjing Medical University in October 2021, whole exome sequencing and Sanger sequencing were performed to screen pathogenic genes/mutation sites and validate the mutations. Jaw tissue was collected during the operation of orthognathic patients who were treated in the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery at the same hospital from October 2021 to December 2022. Following the extraction of human jaw bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells and transfection with overexpressing lentivirus (lentiviruses overexpressing the gene of interest served as the wild group, lentiviruses overexpressing mutation site served as the mutant group) and knockdown lentivirus (divided into knockdown group 1 and 2, with transfection interference negative lentiviruses as the control group). Various assays including real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR), Western blotting, proliferation and Transwell assays, alkaline phosphatase staining and alizarin red staining were performed. Construction of zebrafish animal model, morpholino oligonucleotide (MO) were injected to knock down the expression of prickle1a and prickle1b in zebrafish (co-knocking group), and the control group was injected with standardized MO as a reference. Transcriptome sequencing, enrichment analysis and co-expression analysis were performed on the zebrafish craniofacial tissues of the two groups.Results:Two patients of this family carried this mutation PRICKLE1 c.113C>T. The transfection experiments showed that compared with the wild group (relative expression of PRICKLE1 was 21.97±0.60), the relative expression of mutant group (5.05±0.05) was significantly reduced ( P<0.05), and cell proliferation and migration ability significantly enhanced ( P<0.05), and osteogenic differentiation ability was significantly reduced ( P<0.05). Compared with the control group, the proliferation and migration ability of cells in the two knockdown groups were significantly enhanced ( P<0.05), and the osteogenic differentiation ability was significantly reduced ( P<0.05). Zebrafish model experiments showed the width of the ethmoid plate was significantly reduced in the co-knocking group (282.50±61.77, t=5.29, P<0.001) compared with the control group (338.80±24.92). Transcriptome data and enrichment analysis showed that the differentially expressed genes were significantly enriched in the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway after the simultaneous knockdown of prickle1a and prickle1b in zebrafish. Conclusions:PRICKLE1 c.113C>T mutation might suppress the osteoblastic differentiation ability of jaw bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells by downregulating the MAPK signaling pathway, thereby involving the development of skeletal Class Ⅲ malocclusion.

BACKGROUND: Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is an underdiagnosed genetic heart disease worldwide. The management and prognosis of obstructive HCM (HOCM) and non-obstructive HCM (HNCM) are quite different, but it also remains challenging to discriminate these two subtypes. HCM is characterized by dysmetabolism, and myocardial amino acid (AA) metabolism is robustly changed. The present study aimed to delineate plasma AA and derivatives profiles, and identify potential biomarkers for HCM. METHODS: Plasma samples from 166 participants, including 57 cases of HOCM, 52 cases of HNCM, and 57 normal controls (NCs), who first visited the International Cooperation Center for HCM, Xijing Hospital between December 2019 and September 2020, were collected and analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry based on targeted AA metabolomics. Three separate classification algorithms, including random forest, support vector machine, and logistic regression, were applied for the identification of specific AA and derivatives compositions for HCM and the development of screening models to discriminate HCM from NC as well as HOCM from HNCM. RESULTS: The univariate analysis showed that the serine, glycine, proline, citrulline, glutamine, cystine, creatinine, cysteine, choline, and aminoadipic acid levels in the HCM group were significantly different from those in the NC group. Four AAs and derivatives (Panel A; proline, glycine, cysteine, and choline) were screened out by multiple feature selection algorithms for discriminating HCM patients from NCs. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis in Panel A yielded an area under the ROC curve (AUC) of 0.83 (0.75-0.91) in the training set and 0.79 (0.65-0.94) in the validation set. Moreover, among 10 AAs and derivatives (arginine, phenylalanine, tyrosine, proline, alanine, asparagine, creatine, tryptophan, ornithine, and choline) with statistical significance between HOCM and HNCM, 3 AAs (Panel B; arginine, proline, and ornithine) were selected to differentiate the two subgroups. The AUC values in the training and validation sets for Panel B were 0.83 (0.74-0.93) and 0.82 (0.66-0.98), respectively. CONCLUSIONS The plasma AA and derivatives profiles were distinct between the HCM and NC groups. Based on the differential profiles, the two established screening models have potential value in assisting HCM screening and identifying whether it is obstructive.
Humans ; Amino Acids ; Cysteine ; Cardiomyopathy, Hypertrophic/diagnosis* ; Biomarkers ; Proline ; Arginine ; Ornithine ; Glycine ; Choline

Animals ; Antigens, Surface/genetics* ; Cell Communication/genetics* ; Copulation/physiology* ; Fallopian Tubes/metabolism* ; Female ; Fertilization/genetics* ; GPI-Linked Proteins/genetics* ; Gene Expression Regulation ; Genes, Reporter ; Green Fluorescent Proteins/metabolism* ; Litter Size ; Luminescent Proteins/metabolism* ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Mice, Knockout ; Mitochondria/metabolism* ; Reproduction/genetics* ; Signal Transduction ; Sperm Count ; Sperm Motility/genetics* ; Spermatozoa/metabolism* ; Uterus/metabolism*

Upper tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC) patients have high recurrent rate and poor survival. Most of the previous studies of adjuvant chemotherapy in UTUC were retrospective and the results were controversial. Recent clinical trials support that adjuvant chemotherapy can improve disease-free survival of patients with locally advanced UTUC and platinum based regimens are standard adjuvant treatment. Currently the clinical trials results about effect comparison between adjuvant treatment and neoadjuvant treatment are limited. With the development of targeted therapy and immunotherapy, combinations with novel agents in the adjuvant setting might further improve the prognosis for locally advanced UTUC.

Prodrug nanoassemblies, which can refrain from large excipients, achieve higher drug loading and control drug release, have been placed as the priority in drug delivery system. Reasoning that glutathione (GSH) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) are highly upgraded in tumor tissues which makes them attractive targets for drug delivery system, we designed and synthetized a novel prodrug which utilized mono thioether bond as a linker to bridge linoleic acid (LA) and docetaxel (DTX). This mono thioether-linked conjugates (DTX-S-LA) could self-assemble into nanoparticles without the aid of much excipients. The mono thioether endowed the nanoparticles redox sensitivity resulting in specific release at the tumor tissue. Our studies demonstrated that the nanoassemblies had uniform particle size, high stability and fast release behavior. DTX-S-LA nanoassemblies outperformed DTX solution in pharmacokinetic profiles for it had longer circulation time and higher area under curve (AUC). Compared with DTX solution, the redox dual-responsive nanoassemblies had comparable cytotoxic activity. Besides, the antitumor efficacy was evaluated in mice bearing 4T1 xenograft. It turned out this nanoassemblies could enhance anticancer efficacy by increasing the dose because of higher tolerance. Overall, these results indicated that the redox sensitivity nanoassemblies may have a great potential to cancer therapy.

Objective: To investigate the current status and real performance of the detection of RUNX1-RUNX1T1 fusion transcript levels and WT1 transcript levels in China through interlaboratory comparison. Methods: Peking University People’s Hospital (PKUPH) prepared the samples for comparison. That is, the fresh RUNX1-RUNX1T1 positive (+) bone morrow nucleated cells were serially diluted with RUNX1-RUNX1T1 negative (-) nucleated cells from different patients. Totally 23 sets with 14 different samples per set were prepared. TRIzol reagent was added in each tube and thoroughly mixed with cells for homogenization. Each laboratory simultaneously tested RUNX1-RUNX1T1 and WT1 transcript levels of one set of samples by real-time quantitative PCR method. All transcript levels were reported as the percentage of RUNX1-RUNX1T1 or WT1 transcript copies/ABL copies. Spearman correlation coefficient between the reported transcript levels of each participated laboratory and those of PKUPH was calculated. Results: ①RUNX1-RUNX1T1 comparison: 9 samples were (+) and 5 were (-) , the false negative and positive rates of the 20 participated laboratories were 0 (0/180) and 5% (5/100) , respectively. The reported transcript levels of all 9 positive samples were different among laboratories. The median reported transcript levels of 9 positive samples were from 0.060% to 176.7%, which covered 3.5-log. The ratios of each sample’s highest to the lowest reported transcript levels were from 5.5 to 12.3 (one result which obviously deviated from other laboratories’ results was not included) , 85% (17/20) of the laboratories had correlation coefficient ≥0.98. ②WT1 comparison: The median reported transcript levels of all 14 samples were from 0.17% to 67.6%, which covered 2.6-log. The ratios of each sample’s highest to the lowest reported transcript levels were from 5.3-13.7, 62% (13/21) of the laboratories had correlation coefficient ≥0.98. ③ The relative relationship of the reported RUNX1-RUNX1T1 transcript levels between the participants and PKUPH was not always consistent with that of WT1 transcript levels. Both RUNX1-RUNX1T1 and WT1 transcript levels from 2 and 7 laboratories were individually lower than and higher than those of PKUPH, whereas for the rest 11 laboratories, one transcript level was higher than and the other was lower than that of PKUPH. Conclusion The reported RUNX1-RUNX1T1 and WT1 transcript levels were different among laboratories for the same sample. Most of the participated laboratories reported highly consistent result with that of PKUPH. The relationship between laboratories of the different transcript levels may not be the same.

Objective To evaluate the characteristics of left ventricular structure ,function ,myocardial mechanics ,hemodynamics and synchrony in different phenotypes of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy ( HCM ) using state‐of‐the‐art echocardiography . Methods A consecutive series of 85 adult HCM patients w ho were admitted to the Xi Jing HCM center from January 2016 to November 2017 were collected . According to the peak left ventricular outflow tract pressure gradient in exercise stress echocardiography ,the patients were divided into three groups :patients with non‐obstructive HCM ( n ＝28) ,those with labile‐obstructive HCM ( n ＝27) ,and those with obstructive HCM ( n ＝ 30 ) . In addition ,16 normal family members of HCM patients were included as control group . T wo‐dimensional speckle tracking imaging ,tissue Doppler imaging and exercise stress echocardiography were used to evaluate the left ventricular function in resting and exercise states . Results ① As compared with the control group ,left ventricular end‐diastolic diameter decreased and left ventricular ejection fraction increased in all three HCM groups ( all P ＜ 0 .05 ) . Left ventricular maximum wall thickness and left ventricular mass index were the highest in obstructive HCM , followed by labile‐obstructive and non‐obstructive HCM ,and the lowest in the control group ( all P ＜0 .05) . ②A t rest ,the left ventricular global longitudinal ,circumferential and radial strain ( GLS ,GCS and GRS) ,as well as the twist of obstructive HCM were significantly lower than the other three groups ( all P ＜0 .05) . As compared with the control group ,the GLS and twist decreased in the labile‐obstructive and non‐obstructive HCM ( all P ＜0 .05 ) ,but there were no significant changes of GCS and GRS ( all P ＞ 0 .05 ) . T he obstructive HCM had the lowest mitral annular plane systolic excursion ( M APSE ) and s′,and the longest systolic peaking time standard deviation( T s‐SD) and early diastolic peaking time standard deviation ( Te‐SD) ( all P ＜0 .05) . T he left ventricular diastolic function of obstructive HCM ( e′,the E/e′ratio and the left atrial volume index ) was the worst ,labile‐obstruction and non‐obstructive HCM were better ,and the control group was the best ( all P ＜ 0 .001 ) . ③ During exercise ,the GLS ,GCS ,GRS ,twist of the left ventricle and the M APSE were the lowest in the obstructive HCM ,which increased in the labile‐obstructive and non‐obstructive HCM ,and were best in the control group . T he T s‐SD and Te‐SD were the shortest in the control group ,were prolonged in non‐obstructive and labile‐obstruction HCM ,and were longest in obstructive HCM ( all P ＜ 0 .05 ) . Additionally ,the exercise time of the control group was the longest , followed by non‐obstructive and labile‐obstruction HCM ,and the shortest in the obstructive HCM ( all P ＜0 .05) . T he M ET s of obstructive HCM were significantly lower than the other three groups ( all P ＜0 .05) . Conclusions In obstructive HCM ,the left ventricular systolic strain and synchronization ,as well as the M APSE ,are significantly impaired in patients both at rest and during exercise . T he patients with labile‐obstructive and non‐obstructive HCM have reduced left ventricular GLS , twist ,and e′,but normal left ventricular GCS ,GRS ,synchrony ,and M APSE at rest ,which are all impaired during exercise .