Objective:To explore the effects of the immune responses mediated by topological structures of three-dimensional bioprinted scaffolds on hair follicle cycle in mice.Methods:The study was an experimental research. The alginate-gelatin composite hydrogels were printed into scaffolds using a three-dimensional bioprinter and named T45 scaffolds, T60 scaffolds, and T90 scaffolds according to the 3 topological structures of the scaffolds (the rotation angles of the printhead during printing were 45°, 60°, and 90°, respectively), and the morphology of the three scaffolds was observed after cross-linking by naked eyes. Nine 8-week-old female C57BL/6J mice were divided into T45 group, T60 group, and T90 group, according to the random number table, with three mice in each group, and the T45, T60, and T90 scaffolds were subcutaneously implanted on the back of mice, respectively. On post implantation day (PID) 7, the hair growth in the dorsal depilated area of mice was observed, the thickness of the fiber capsule around the scaffolds was observed by hematoxylin-eosin staining, and the expression levels of CD68, bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2), and tumor necrosis factor (TNF) protein in the tissue surrounding the scaffolds were observed by immunofluorescence staining. The samples of the above experiments were all 3.Results:The topological structures of the three scaffolds were all clear with high fidelity after cross-linking. On PID 7, the hair growth was obvious in the dorsal depilated area of mice in T45 group and T90 group, while hair growth was slow in the scaffold implantation area of mice in T60 group, which was significantly different from that of the unimplanted area. On PID 7, compared with (18±4) μm in T90 group, the thickness of both the fiber capsule around the scaffolds ((39±4) and (55±8) μm) of mice in T45 group and T60 group was significantly increased ( P<0.05); the thickness of the fiber capsule around the scaffolds of mice in T60 group was also significantly increased compared with that in T45 group ( P<0.05). On PID 7, the expression level of CD68 protein in the tissue surrounding the scaffolds of mice in T60 group was significantly higher than the levels in T45 group and T90 group (with both P values <0.05). The expression level of BMP-2 protein in the tissue surrounding the scaffolds of mice in T60 group was significantly higher than the levels in T45 group and T90 group (with both P values <0.05), and the expression level of BMP-2 protein in the tissue surrounding the scaffolds of mice in T45 group was significantly higher than that in T90 group ( P<0.05). The expression level of TNF protein in the tissue surrounding the scaffolds of mice in T60 group was significantly lower than the levels in T45 group and T90 group (with both P values <0.05). Conclusions:Three-dimensional bioprinted scaffolds with different topological structures mediate different degrees of immune responses after being implanted in mice. A moderate immune response promotes hair growth in depilated area of mice, while an excessive immune response results inhibits the hair follicle entering into the anagen phase.

Bone age can objectively reflect the human body growth and accurately assess the physical development level.Bone age assessment plays an important role in the growth and development, disease diagnosis and the monitoring of therapeutic efficacy in children and adolescents.In recent years, the artificial intelligence technology has been developed continuously.Applying artificial intelligence technology is expected to realize the automatic assessment of bone age.At present, the artificial intelligence technology of bone age assessment is mainly based on the deep learning (DL) algorithm.Although there have been many research on DL and bone age assessment, most are still in the experimental stage.This study reviews the research and progress of artificial intelligence technology based on DL applied to bone age assessment, aiming to provide reference and research ideas for relevant staff.

Objective:To investigate the changes in adaptive phenotypes of Yersinia pestis ( Yp) during successive passages in macrophages. Methods:A Yp strain of 201-MI was induced by 50 successive passages of Yp 201 strain in Raw264.7 cells. Phenotypic characteristics of 201 and 201-MI strains were compared by analyzing their survival rates in macrophages, growth curves, biofilm formation abilities, acid and hydrogen peroxide-stress tolerance, and virulence to mammal cells (Raw264.7 and HeLa cells) and mice. Results:Comparing with 201 strain, 201-MI strain showed various phenotypic changes, including higher survival rate in Raw264.7 cells, faster growth in iron-deficient medium, higher tolerance to acid and hydrogen peroxide, decreased biofilm formation ability, and less damages to Raw264.7 and HeLa cells. More-over, 201-MI strain showed decreased virulence to mice in both subcutaneous and intraperitoneal challenges. Preliminary comparative genomics analysis revealed some indel and nonsense mutations in 201-MI strain, which might account for its phenotype changes.Conclusions:After successive passages in macrophages, Yp showed some phenotypic changes, which might reflect its adaptive evolution under the pressure of macrophages. Detailed multi-omics analysis would be of great help to understand the underlying genetic mechanisms of these changes, and the related Yp-macrophage interaction processes as well.

Objective:To investigate the printability and cytocompatibility of sodium alginate-gelatin (AG) bioink containing platelet-rich plasma derived from human umbilical cord blood (HUCB-PRP), named HUCB-PRP-AG bioink, and the effect of the three-dimensionally printed tissue with the bioink on full-thickness skin defect wounds in nude mice.Methods:The method of experimental research was used. HUCB-PRP-AG bioinks with 2.5%, 5.0%, and 10.0% of HUCB-PRP by volume were prepared and named 1P-AG, 2P-AG, and 4P-AG, respectively. The appearances of AG, 1P-AG, 2P-AG, and 4P-AG at room temperature were observed, and their viscosity and storage/loss modulus were measured by a rotational rheometer. The above four bioinks were used for three-dimensional bioprinting respectively, and the appearances of the printed tissue were observed (the printed tissue was subsequently cross-linked and used). The four kinds of bioprinted tissue were respectively co-cultured with human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) in Transwell chambers with HUVEC special medium for 24 h, and the cell proliferation level was detected by cell counting kit 8 ( n=3). The four kinds of bioprinted tissue were respectively cultured in Dulbecco's modified eagle medium for 12, 24, and 48 h, which were dried and weighed, and the degradation rate was calculated ( n=3). The expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in the culture supernatant of 1P-AG, 2P-AG, or 4P-AG cultured in phosphate buffer solution at 0.5, 24.0, and 48.0 h was detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay ( n=5). Sixteen female BALB/c-NU nude mice aged 6-8 weeks were selected to establish a full-thickness skin defect wound model on the back and were divided into conventional control group with wounds being covered with medical hydrocolloid dressing alone, HUCB-PRP group with additional HUCB-PRP dripping to the wounds, AG group additionally covered with AG printed tissue, and 4P-AG group additionally covered with 4P-AG printed tissue, respectively (with 4 nude mice in each group). The wound healing of 3 nude mice in each group was observed on post injury day (PID) 4, 8, and 14, and the wound healing rate was calculated. The wound tissue of the remaining nude mouse in each group was collected on PID 8, the histopathological changes were observed after hematoxylin and eosin staining, and the CD31-positive new blood vessels were observed after immunohistochemical staining. Data were statistically analyzed with analysis of variance for repeated measurement, least significant difference test, and Bonferroni correction. Results:At room temperature, AG, 1P-AG, 2P-AG, and 4P-AG were semi-transparent liquid, and AG was light yellow, while 1P-AG, 2P-AG, and 4P-AG were light red but the color successively deepened. The viscosity of AG, 1P-AG, 2P-AG, and 4P-AG decreased with the increase of shear rate at the temperature of 10 ℃ and shear rate of 0.1-10.0 s -1; the storage moduli of the four bioinks were greater than the loss moduli at the temperature of 10 ℃ and angular frequency range of 1-100 rad/s. Both the resolution and morphology of the printed tissue of four bioinks were similar. The proliferation levels of HUVECs co-cultured with 1P-AG, 2P-AG, and 4P-AG printed tissue for 24 h were 0.885±0.030, 1.126±0.032, and 1.156±0.045, respectively, which were significantly higher than 0.712±0.019 of HUVECs co-cultured with AG printed tissue ( P<0.01). The proliferation levels of HUVECs co-cultured with 2P-AG and 4P-AG printed tissue for 24 h were significantly higher than the level of HUVECs co-cultured with 1P-AG printed tissue ( P<0.01). The degradation rates of 1P-AG, 2P-AG, and 4P-AG printed tissue were significantly higher than those of AG printed tissue at 12, 24, and 48 h of culture ( P<0.01). The degradation rates of 2P-AG and 4P-AG printed tissue at 24 and 48 h of culture were significantly higher than those of 1P-AG printed tissue ( P<0.01). The degradation rate of 4P-AG printed tissue at 12 h of culture was significantly higher than that of 1P-AG printed tissue ( P<0.01), and the degradation rates of 4P-AG printed tissue at 24 and 48 h of culture were significantly higher than those of 2P-AG printed tissue ( P<0.01). At 0.5, 24.0, and 48.0 h of culture, the expressions of VEGF in the culture supernatant of 2P-AG printed tissue were significantly higher than those of 1P-AG printed tissue ( P<0.01), and the expressions of VEGF in the culture supernatant of 1P-AG and 2P-AG printed tissue were significantly lower than those of 4P-AG printed tissue ( P<0.01). The wounds of nude mice in conventional control group and HUCB-PRP group were dry and smaller on PID 8 compared with those on PID 4, and the wounds of nude mice in HUCB-PRP group were smaller with no scabs on PID 14 compared with those in conventional control group. The printed tissue on the wound of nude mice in AG and 4P-AG groups was significantly degraded with no obvious exudation being observed on the wounds on PID 4, the wounds were significantly epithelialized and smaller on PID 8, and there was no scab on the wound on PID 14. The wounds of nude mice in 4P-AG group were completely epithelialized on PID 14. Compared with those in conventional control group, the wound healing rate of nude mice in AG group was significantly decreased on PID 4 ( P<0.05), and the wound healing rates of nude mice in HUCB-PRP group and 4P-AG group at all time points after injury and in AG group on PID 8 and 14 were significantly increased ( P<0.01). Compared with those in HUCB-PRP group, the wound healing rates of nude mice were significantly decreased on PID 4 and 8 in AG group and on PID 4 in 4P-AG group ( P<0.01), while the wound healing rates of nude mice were significantly increased on PID 14 in AG group and on PID 8 and 14 in 4P-AG group ( P<0.01). The wound healing rate of nude mice in 4P-AG group was significantly higher than that in AG group at all time points after injury ( P<0.01). On PID 8, a large number of inflammatory cells infiltration, a small amount of new microvessels, and a small amount of CD31-positive new blood vessels were observed in the wounds of nude mice in conventional control group; a large number of inflammatory cells infiltration, abundant new microvessels, and quite a lot CD31-positive new blood vessels were observed in the wounds of nude mice in HUCB-PRP group; light inflammatory inflammation, a small amount of new microvessels, and a small amount of CD31-positive new blood vessels were observed in the wounds of nude mice in AG group; light inflammatory inflammation, a large number of new microvessels, and a large number of CD31-positive new blood vessels were observed in the wounds of nude mice in 4P-AG group. Conclusions:HUCB-PRP-AG bioink has good printability and cytocompatibility, and its three-dimensionally printed tissue can promote vascularization of full-thickness skin defect wounds in nude mice and accelerate wound healing.

Objective:To improve understanding of autosomal dominant Coffin-Siris syndrome(CSS) caused by ARID2 variant via analyzing the clinical manifestations and genetic characteristics of this rare disease. Methods:Whole-exome sequencing was performed in a patient with CSS and her parents in Children′s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, and genotype and phenotype were further analyzed.Results:The 2-month-old girl was admitted to hospital due to repeated vomiting for more than a month and one-time vaginal bleeding. She presented with severe malnutrition, special facial features, premature development of bilateral breasts, hymen protrusion, and vaginal bleeding. Gene sequencing revealed a de novo heterozygous frameshift mutation(c.1919delC, p. P640Lfs*7) in ARID2 gene, and no variant identified with her parents. It has been reported that the clinical manifestations of CSS caused by ARID2 variant are heterogeneous varing, mainly characterized by growth retardation, mental retardation, and feeding difficulties, accompanied by skeletal deformities, behavioral abnormalities, and visual impairment. Endocrine abnormalities are seldomly reported.Conclusion:For patients presenting growth retardation, special facial features, feeding difficulties, and unexplained vaginal bleeding, rare genetic syndrome should be considered and genetic testing be carried out. This is a novel variant(c.1919delC, p.P640Lfs*7) in ARID2.

Objective:To investigate the clinical features and prognosis of extranodal nasal-type NK/T-cell lymphoma of the extra-upper aerodigestive tract (extra-UADT NKTCL).Methods:The clinical data of 159 patients with extra-UADT NKTCL from the China Lymphoma Collaborative Group (CLCG) database between November 2001 and December 2015 were retrospectively analyzed. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis and Log-rank test were used to evaluate the prognosis. The Cox regression model is used for multi-factor analysis.Results:Extra-UADT NKTCL commonly occurs in skin and soft tissues (106/159, 66.7%) and gastrointestinal tract (31/159, 19.5%). The incidences of elevated lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and Ann Arbor Ⅲ~Ⅳ stage were 47.8% (76/159) and 64.2% (102/159), respectively. The 3-year overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) rates were 43.6% and 27.9%, respectively. The corresponding OS rates of primary skin/soft tissue site and gastrointestinal tract site were 41.0% and 59.4% ( P=0.281), while the PFS rates were 24.8% and 48.3%, respectively ( P=0.109). Combined modality treatment improved the 3-year OS of all the patients (58.4% vs 33.9%, P=0.001) and 3-year PFS (40.7% vs 20.7%, P=0.008) when compared with chemotherapy alone. LDH elevation, Ann Arbor synthesising and ≥2 junction external bits were intrusive as independent risk factors for total survival ( P<0.05), LDH elevation and ≥2 junction outer bits were intrusive as independent risk factors for progressionless survival( P<0.05). The distant extranodal dissemination was the primary failure patterns. Conclusions:Extra-UADT NKTCL appears to have distinct clinical characteristics and poor outcome. Compared with chemotherapy alone, combined modality treatment may improve the prognosis of patients with extra-UADT NKTCL.

Objective:To evaluate the prognosis and determine the failure patterns after radiotherapy for low-risk early-stage patients with extranodal NK/T-cell lymphoma, nasal-type (ENKTCL).Methods:A total of 557 patients from 2000—2015 with low-risk early-stage ENKTCL who received radiotherapy (RT) with or without chemotherapy (CT) from China Lymphoma Collaborative Group were retrospectively reviewed. Among them, 427 patients received combined modality therapy, whereas 130 patients received RT alone. Survivals were calculated by Kaplan-Meier method and compared with Log-rank test. Overall survival (OS) was compared with age and sex-matched general Chinese population using expected survival and standardized mortality ratio (SMR). Cox stepwise regression model was used for multivariate analysis.Results:The 5-year OS and progression-free survival (PFS) were 87.2% and 77.2%. The SMR was 3.59 ( P<0.001) at 1 year after treatment, whereas it was 1.50 at 4 years after treatment, without significant difference between ENKTCL group and country-matched general population ( P=0.146). Compared with RT alone, CMT did not result in significantly superior 5-year OS (87.0% vs 87.4%, P=0.961) or PFS (76.1% vs 80.7%, P=0.129). Local failure (11.5%, 64/557) and distant failure (10.8%, 60/557) were the main failure modes, while regional failure was rare (2.9%, 16/557). The 5-year locoregional control rate (LRC) was 87.2% for the whole group, with 89.5% for ≥50 Gy versus 73.7% for <50 Gy ( P<0.001). Radiotherapy dose was an independent factor affecting LRC( P<0.05). Conclusions:Radiotherapy achieves a favorable prognosis in patients with low-risk early-stage ENKTCL. The incidence of either locoregional or distant failure is low. Radiation dose still is an important prognostic factor for LRC.

Objective:To investigate the clinical features and prognosis of extranodal nasal-type NK/T-cell lymphoma of the extra-upper aerodigestive tract (extra-UADT NKTCL).Methods:The clinical data of 159 patients with extra-UADT NKTCL from the China Lymphoma Collaborative Group (CLCG) database between November 2001 and December 2015 were retrospectively analyzed. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis and Log-rank test were used to evaluate the prognosis. The Cox regression model is used for multi-factor analysis.Results:Extra-UADT NKTCL commonly occurs in skin and soft tissues (106/159, 66.7%) and gastrointestinal tract (31/159, 19.5%). The incidences of elevated lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and Ann Arbor Ⅲ~Ⅳ stage were 47.8% (76/159) and 64.2% (102/159), respectively. The 3-year overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) rates were 43.6% and 27.9%, respectively. The corresponding OS rates of primary skin/soft tissue site and gastrointestinal tract site were 41.0% and 59.4% ( P=0.281), while the PFS rates were 24.8% and 48.3%, respectively ( P=0.109). Combined modality treatment improved the 3-year OS of all the patients (58.4% vs 33.9%, P=0.001) and 3-year PFS (40.7% vs 20.7%, P=0.008) when compared with chemotherapy alone. LDH elevation, Ann Arbor synthesising and ≥2 junction external bits were intrusive as independent risk factors for total survival ( P<0.05), LDH elevation and ≥2 junction outer bits were intrusive as independent risk factors for progressionless survival( P<0.05). The distant extranodal dissemination was the primary failure patterns. Conclusions:Extra-UADT NKTCL appears to have distinct clinical characteristics and poor outcome. Compared with chemotherapy alone, combined modality treatment may improve the prognosis of patients with extra-UADT NKTCL.

Objective:To evaluate the prognosis and determine the failure patterns after radiotherapy for low-risk early-stage patients with extranodal NK/T-cell lymphoma, nasal-type (ENKTCL).Methods:A total of 557 patients from 2000—2015 with low-risk early-stage ENKTCL who received radiotherapy (RT) with or without chemotherapy (CT) from China Lymphoma Collaborative Group were retrospectively reviewed. Among them, 427 patients received combined modality therapy, whereas 130 patients received RT alone. Survivals were calculated by Kaplan-Meier method and compared with Log-rank test. Overall survival (OS) was compared with age and sex-matched general Chinese population using expected survival and standardized mortality ratio (SMR). Cox stepwise regression model was used for multivariate analysis.Results:The 5-year OS and progression-free survival (PFS) were 87.2% and 77.2%. The SMR was 3.59 ( P<0.001) at 1 year after treatment, whereas it was 1.50 at 4 years after treatment, without significant difference between ENKTCL group and country-matched general population ( P=0.146). Compared with RT alone, CMT did not result in significantly superior 5-year OS (87.0% vs 87.4%, P=0.961) or PFS (76.1% vs 80.7%, P=0.129). Local failure (11.5%, 64/557) and distant failure (10.8%, 60/557) were the main failure modes, while regional failure was rare (2.9%, 16/557). The 5-year locoregional control rate (LRC) was 87.2% for the whole group, with 89.5% for ≥50 Gy versus 73.7% for <50 Gy ( P<0.001). Radiotherapy dose was an independent factor affecting LRC( P<0.05). Conclusions:Radiotherapy achieves a favorable prognosis in patients with low-risk early-stage ENKTCL. The incidence of either locoregional or distant failure is low. Radiation dose still is an important prognostic factor for LRC.

Objective:To investigate the effects of human adipose-derived protein complex (ADPC) on the proliferation and migration ability of human skin fibroblasts (HSFs) and human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs), and the repairing effects of ADPC-containing three-dimensional (3D) bioprinting ink (Bioink) in full-thickness skin defect wounds of nude mice.Methods:The experimental research method was used. Discarded subcutaneous adipose tissue from 3 female patients with chronic wounds (aged 29-34 years) admitted to PLA General Hospital for abdominal flap transfer from October 2020 to March 2021 and discarded liposuction adipose tissue from 3 healthy female (aged 24-36 years) for abdominal liposuction during the same period were collected to prepare normal ADPC (nADPC) and liposuction-derived ADPC (lADPC), respectively. The protein concentration of the two kinds of ADPC was measured by bicinchoninic acid method, and the extraction efficiency of them was calculated. The sample numbers were 3. HSFs and HUVECs in logarithmic growth phase were taken for the subsequent experiments. HSFs and HUVECs were divided into phosphate buffered saline (PBS) control group, 4 μg/mL nADPC group, 20 μg/mL nADPC group, 100 μg/mL nADPC group, and 200 μg/mL nADPC group according to the random number table (the same grouping method below), with 5 wells in each group. Cells in PBS control group were cultured with PBS, and the cells in the 4 remaining groups were cultured with the corresponding final mass concentration of nADPC. After 24 h of conventional culture, the cell proliferation viability was detected by cell counting kit 8 method. HSFs and HUVECs were taken and divided into PBS control group, nADPC alone group, lADPC alone group, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) alone group, TNF-α+nADPC group, and TNF-α+lADPC group. Cells in PBS control group and TNF-α alone group were added with PBS. nADPC or lADPC was added to the cells in nADPC alone group, lADPC alone group, TNF-α+nADPC group, and TNF-α+lADPC group with a final mass concentration of 100 μg/mL, respectively. TNF-α with a final mass concentration of 20 ng/mL was added to the cells in TNF-α alone group, TNF-α+nADPC group, and TNF-α+lADPC group. The cell migration rate was calculated after the scratch test at 24 h after scratching ( n=3), and the cell proliferation viability was detected after 24 h of culture as above ( n=5). Gelatin-alginate composite Bioink (Bioink AG) was taken. Bioink AG containing 100 μg/mL lADPC (lADPC-Bioink AG) was prepared. The morphology of the two at room temperature and after condensation was observed. The morphology after 3D bioprinting and cross-linking was observed. The low-temperature gel formation time was recorded when detecting rheological properties using rheometer ( n=3). Twenty BALB/c-NU female nude mice of 8-10 weeks old were taken to establish the full-thickness skin defect wounds on the back, and then they were divided into routine dressing change group, lADPC alone group, Bioink AG alone group, and lADPC-Bioink AG group, with 5 nude mice in each group. The wounds of nude mice in routine dressing change group were covered with hydrocolloid dressings and performed with routine dressing changes only, while the wounds of nude mice in the remaining 3 groups were treated with lADPC, Bioink AG, and lADPC-Bioink AG accordingly in addition. General observation was performed from treatment day (TD) 0, and the wound healing rate was calculated on TD 2, 6, and 10. On TD 10, histopathological observation of wounds was performed with hematoxylin eosin staining. Data were statistically analyzed with independent samples t test, one-way analysis of variance, analysis of variance for repeated measurement, Student-Newman-Keuls q test, and least significant difference t test. Results:The protein concentration and extraction efficiency of lADPC were respectively (1.306±0.011) mg/mL and (11.1±1.5)%, which were significantly lower than (2.039±0.042) mg/mL and (22.2±2.0)% of nADPC ( t=23.83, 6.38, P<0.05 or P<0.01). After 24 h of culture, compared with those in PBS control group, the proliferation viabilities of HSFs ( q=6.943, 6.375, P<0.01) and HUVECs ( q=6.301, 6.496, P<0.01) were significantly decreased in 100 μg/mL nADPC group and 200 μg/mL nADPC group; compared with those in 100 μg/mL nADPC group, the proliferation viabilities of HSFs and HUVECs in 200 μg/mL nADPC group did not change significantly ( P>0.05). At 24 h after scratching, compared with those in PBS control group, the HSF and HUVEC migration rates were significantly lower in nADPC alone group, lADPC alone group, and TNF-α alone group ( q=5.642, 6.645, 11.480, 4.772, 6.298, 10.420, P<0.05 or P<0.01); compared with those in nADPC alone group, there were no significant changes in the HSF and HUVEC migration rates in lADPC alone group ( P>0.05); compared with those in TNF-α alone group, there were no significant changes in the HSF migration rates in TNF-α+nADPC group or TNF-α+lADPC group ( P>0.05), the HUVEC migration rates were significantly higher in TNF-α+nADPC group and TNF-α+lADPC group ( q=8.585, 7.253, P<0.01); compared with those in TNF-α+nADPC group, there were no significant changes in the HSF and HUVEC migration rates in TNF-α+lADPC group ( P>0.05). After 24 h of culture, compared with those in PBS control group, the HSF and HUVEC proliferation viabilities were significantly lower in nADPC alone group, lADPC alone group, and TNF-α alone group ( q=5.803, 5.371, 9.136, 11.580, 9.493, 13.510, P<0.05 or P<0.01); compared with those in nADPC alone group, the HSF and HUVEC proliferation viabilities in lADPC alone group did not change significantly ( P>0.05); compared with those in TNF-α alone group, the HSF ( q=14.990, 10.850, P<0.01) and HUVEC ( q=7.066, 8.942, P<0.01) proliferation viabilities were significantly higher in TNF-α+nADPC group and TNF-α+lADPC group; compared with those in TNF-α+nADPC group, the HSF and HUVEC proliferation viabilities in TNF-α+lADPC group did not change significantly ( P>0.05). At room temperature and in the condensed state, lADPC-Bioink AG had a more slightly turbid appearance than Bioink AG. lADPC-Bioink AG had a similar morphology to Bioink AG after 3D bioprinting and cross-linking. At 10 ℃, the coagulation time of lADPC-Bioink AG was (76.6±0.4) s, which was significantly slower than (74.4±0.6) s of Bioink AG ( t=4.64, P<0.01). On TD 2, the nude mice in routine dressing change group had more wound exudation, while the nude mice in the remaining 3 groups had no significant exudation. On TD 8, the nude mice in lADPC-Bioink AG group had the smallest residual wound area and obvious epithelial coverage. On TD 2, the wound healing rate of nude mice in lADPC-Bioink AG group was significantly higher than that in lADPC alone group ( t=3.59, P<0.05) and similar to the rates in routine dressing change group and Bioink AG alone group ( P>0.05). On TD 6, the wound healing rate of nude mice in lADPC-Bioink AG group was significantly higher than the rates in routine dressing change group, lADPC alone group, and Bioink AG alone group ( t=18.70, 15.70, 3.15, P<0.05 or P<0.01). On TD 10, the wound healing rate of nude mice in lADPC-Bioink AG group was significantly higher than the rates in routine dressing change group and lADPC alone group ( t=12.51, 4.84, P<0.01) but similar to that in Bioink AG alone group ( P>0.05). On TD 10, the wounds of nude mice in lADPC-Bioink AG group had moderate vascularization of the traumatic tissue, adequate epithelialization, and the best healing effect. Conclusions:Liposuction-related operations have little effect on the characterization of ADPC protein concentration and extraction efficiency. LADPC and nADPC have the same biological effects, which can inhibit the proliferation and migration ability of HSFs and HUVECs in non-inflammatory environment and improve the proliferation viabilities of HSFs and HUVECs in inflammatory environment, while improving the migration ability of HUVECs. Adding lADPC to Bioink AG does not significantly affect the physical properties or printing performance of Bioink AG, but can enhance the wound repair effect of full-thickness skin defect wounds in nude mice.