Mood disorders/psychosis have been associated with dysfunctions in the default mode network (DMN). However, the relative contributions of DMN regions to state and trait disturbances in pediatric bipolar disorder (PBD) remain unclear. The aim of this study was to investigate the possible mechanisms of PBD through brain imaging and explore the influence of psychotic symptoms on functional alterations in PBD patients. Twenty-nine psychotic and 26 non-psychotic PBD patients, as well as 19 age- and sex-matched healthy controls underwent a resting-state functional MRI scan and the data were analyzed by independent component analysis. The DMN component from the fMRI data was extracted for each participant. Spearman's rank correlation analysis was performed between aberrant connectivity and clinical measurements. The results demonstrated that psychotic PBD was characterized by aberrant DMN connectivity in the anterior cingulate cortex/medial prefrontal cortex, bilateral caudate nucleus, bilateral angular gyri, and left middle temporal gyrus, while non-psychotic PBD was not, suggesting further impairment with the development of psychosis. In summary, we demonstrated unique impairment in DMN functional connectivity in the psychotic PBD group. These specific neuroanatomical abnormalities may shed light on the underlying pathophysiology and presentation of PBD.

Objective To provide reference and ideas for information service in hospital library by analyzing the influencing factors for its service satisfaction.Methods The satisfaction of hospitalized patients for information service was investigated.The characteristics of patients,their requirements for information service and the influencing factors for their satisfaction were analyzed by logistic regression analysis.Their satisfaction for information service was assessed according to the IPA method and analyzed using the SPSS19.0.P<0.05 was considered statistically significant.Results Health information was provided for 221 patients.No significant difference was found in sex,age,education level between the importance of information service and the influence of satisfaction for information service (P>0.05).The importance of information service and the satisfaction of patients for information service were rather high.IPA analysis showed that the patients considered high the importance of library-provided personal bibliography and departments-provided health pamphlets with a low satisfaction,which should thus be solved.Conclusion The satisfaction of patients for information service is good.However,the importance of library-provided personal bibliography and departments-provided health pamphlets is high and the satisfaction for them is low.It is thus necessary for librarians to improve their service and encourage more medical staff to participate in information service for patients.

AIM: To investigate the effects of andrographolide on the invasion and apoptosis of ovarian cancer cell line SKOV-3, and to explore the possible mechanisms.METHODS: SKOV-3 cells were treated with different concentrations (0, 5, 10, 20 or 40 μmol/L) of andrographolide for different time (12, 24, 36 or 48 h), and then the cell viability was determined by CCK-8 assay.The cell invasion ability was analyzed by Transwell assay and cell apoptosis was detected by TUNEL staining.The protein levels of p-PI3K, p-Akt and p-mTOR were examined by Western blot.RESULTS: The results of CCK-8 assay revealed that andrographolide inhibited the growth of SKOV-3 cells in a dose-and time-dependent manner.Treatment with andrographolide at 20 μmol/L for 36 h significantly decreased the invasion ability of SKOV-3 cells, while increased cell apoptosis.In addition, the protein levels of p-PI3K, p-Akt and p-mTOR were reduced after andrographolide treatment.CONCLUSION: Andrographolide inhibits the growth and invasion of ovarian cancer SKOV-3 cells by suppression of PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway.

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the therapeutic effect and safety of rapamycin in treatment of children with tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) complicated with epilepsy.

METHODThis was an open-label, prospective, self-controlled study. From Sep. 2011 to Sep. 2013, 52 patients with the diagnosis of tuberous sclerosis complicated with epilepsy receiving rapamycin treatment for at least 24 weeks were enrolled.

RESULTOf the 52 children, 34 were male and 18 female. The median age at onset of epilepsy was 4.8 months (4 days-49 months), the median age for treatment with rapamycin was 27 months (4.5-172.5 months). Ten children had a family history of TSC. In 24 children TSC gene detection was carried out, among whom TSC1 mutation was detected in 4 cases and TSC2 mutation in 20. Before rapamycin therapy, 59.62%, (31/52) patients took more than 3 antiepileptic drugs, of whom 10 cases even took more than 5 kinds of antiepileptic drugs. Fifty-two patients received rapamycin treatment for 24 weeks, seizure free rate was 25.00% (13 cases), the total effective rate was 73.08% (38 cases); 31 cases received treatment for 48 weeks, seizure free 6 cases, total effective 23 cases; 17 cases accepted treatment for 72 weeks, seizure free 5 cases, total effective 13 cases; 12 cases received treatment for 96 weeks, seizure free 3 cases, total effective 9 cases. With the decrease of seizure attacks, use of antiepileptic drug types were reduced simultaneously, they had a negative correlation. Before rapamycin therapy, the average frequency of seizures was 70.27 times/d, the number of antiepileptic drug kinds was 1.30. After 24, 48, 72, 96 weeks' treatment, the average seizure frequency was reduced to 1.94-2.80 times /d and the antiepileptic drugs were reduced to 0.83-0.97 kinds. On every visit during the follow-up, blood and urine routine tests, liver and kidney function test showed no abnormality in the 52 cases. The drug dosage was 1 mg/(m(2)×d), average 0.7 mg/d (0.35-1.20 mg/d). Blood concentrations of rapamycin remained below 10 µg/L (average 6.5 µg/L). The main side effect was oral ulcer which happened in 23.08% (12/52). The oral ulcer would disappeared 2-3 days later. 17.31% (9/52 cases) had upper respiratory infection.

CONCLUSIONRapamycin was effective in children with tuberous sclerosis and epilepsy with few adverse reactions. The daily dose of rapamycin for children patients is 1 mg/m(2), which has a certain effect on seizures and a good safety profile.

Adolescent ; Anticonvulsants ; adverse effects ; therapeutic use ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Epilepsy ; complications ; drug therapy ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Prospective Studies ; Seizures ; prevention & control ; Sirolimus ; adverse effects ; therapeutic use ; Treatment Outcome ; Tuberous Sclerosis ; complications ; genetics

ACKGROUND:Autism is a kind of neurobiological disease.The increase of plasma concentration of 5 hydroxytryptamine(5 HT) is considered to be one of study results,which is the most definite and has the best repetition,for the biological investigation of autism. Whether the season of birth and maternal mood during pregnancy are correlated with the occurrence of autism? OBJECTIVE:To compare the differences of the plasma concentration of 5 HT,season of birth and the maternal mood during pregnancy between autistic and normal children,and probe into the cause of increased 5 HT in autism. DESIGN:An observational comparative study taking autistic and normal children as the subjects. SETTINGS:A clinical psychological department of a university hospital;Mental Health Institute of the Xiangya Second Hospital;A rehabilitation center for dumb children of city grade. PARTICIPANTS:Children in the autistic group(n=54),who were in accordance with the diagnostic criteria of autism in Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders Fourth Edition(DSM IV) and had the total score of social adaptive ability scale(SAAS) over 40, were selected from the Outpatient Clinic for Children of the Mental Health Institute,Xiangya Second Hospital of Central South University and the training class of autism of Shenzhen Special Education School;Children in the normal control group,who had no obvious somatic and neurological diseases,and developing delay detected by physical,neurological and mental status examinations, rough detection of developing level,were selected from the primary school and kindergarten in Changsha and Shenzhen cities. INTERVENTIONS:The plasma level of 5 HT was examined, season of birth and maternal mood during pregnancy were investigated in autistic and normal children.The children with autism were accessed with SAAS. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:The plasma level of 5 HT,the season of birth and the maternal mood during pregnancy in both groups. RESULTS:The score of SAAS in children with autism was 67.65± 1.67.The plasma level of 5 HT was(0.78± 0.32) μ mol/L in the autistic group,which was significantly higher than that in the normal control group [(0.62± 0.16) μ mol/L](t=3.17,P=0.002). There were 17 children with autism had increased 5 HT.Compare with normal children,most children with autism were born in winter and spring,and their mother had obvious mood problems during pregnancy. CONCLUSION:The 5 HT level is higher in children with autism than in normal children.Most children with autism were born in winter and spring,and their mother had obvious emotional problems during pregnancy.There are phase of high functioning of 5 HT in mother in key period of fetus cerebra development that may be one of the causes of hyperserotonemia in autism,and that is possibly one of the etiologies of autism.

OBJECTIVE: To review the current global status of social healthcare systems for mental disorders in children and adolescents, which provide systematic and continuous protection against mental disorders.DATA SOURCES: A computer-based search for relevant English articles in Medline database published between January 1980 and March 2005 was conducted with the key words of "mental disorder, children and adolescents, care". The Chinese full-text periodical database and Wanfang database were also searched for relevant Chinese articles published between January 1990 and March 2005 using equivalent Chinese key words of "mental disorder, children and adolescents, care".STUDY SELECTION: The articles that reviewed the current status of social healthcare system for mental disorders in children and adolescents were included for analysis, and those not categorized as reviews were excluded.DATA EXTRACTION: Totally 58 related articles were collected, among which 13 met the inclusion criteria and 45 were excluded.DATA SYNTHESIS: The current status of social healthcare systems for mental disorders in children and adolescents in Europe, North America,South America, Australia, Asia and Africa were described. The prevention and treatment for mental disorders in Europe and North America were well developed. The training, education and research of mental disease in children in South America were still developing, and the healthcare system in Australia needs further improvement. Lack of professional physicians is the major problem in Asia, whereas a complete protective system has not been well established in Africa and the families assume the role of primary defense against the disorder.CONCLUSION: The comprehensive healthcare services for mental disorders in children and adolescents has been lacking globally. Policy development, cultural understanding in the healthcare, recognition of the important role of nongovernmental organizations, epidemiological research, and professional training can be beneficial efforts to better protect the children and adolescents from mental disorders.

Objective: To study the pattern of parent rearing and the b ehavior of children with ADHD (attention deficiency and hyperactivity disorders) Method: 30 children with ADHD and 30 normal children were ass e ssed with PLOC (the parenting locus of control scale), Conners PSQResu l t: The parents of children with ADHD had higher scores of effect, obliga tion, belief of fate or chance, control of the behavior of children in PLOC So m e factors were associated with behavior problems Conclusion:C h ildren with ADHD have more behavior problems, which are associated with their pa rents’ rearing pattern

Objective: To explore the relationship between internet overuse and time management disposition in middle school students. Methods: Using Diagnostic Questionnaire for Internet Addiction (YDQ), Time Management Disposition Scale (TMDS), we investigated 2620 middle-school students.Results:The incidence rate of internet overuse among middle school students was 2.4 %. The difference of time management disposition between internet overuse group and control group was significant(129.7?25.3/150.0?28.5,t=4.27, P

Objective:To research the risk factors of developing Oppositional Defiant Disorder (ODD).Methods:Among 427 students in an elementary school in Changsha, we screened out thirty-four children with ODD by the criteria of DSM-IV. They and other thirty-four normal children from the same school were included in the case-control study. Education levels, jobs and Cartel 16 Personality Factors (16PF) were filled out by their parents. Combined Raven's Test (CRT) was used to evaluate children's intelligence.Results:The prevalence rate of ODD in children increased with the decrease of their father's and mother's education level (for father's education level form advanced education, secondary education to primary, the rate increased from 6.6%,7.2% to 12.0%) and (for mother, 5.3%,7.5%,10.6%). The rate of ODD was highest in children with father and mother doing small business (16.7% and 16.5%, ?~2=12.67～12.68,P

Objective: To evaluate the utility of the Werry-Weiss-Peters Activity Rating Scale (WWPARS) for children with a Chinese background. Methods:In the city of Changsha, 465 normal children aged 8～12 in two primary schools and 27 ADHD children in an outpatient department were tested with WWPARS. Psychometric properties of the scale were analyzed for reliability and validity. Results: While levels of activity increased with age for all children, there was no significant difference between the two groups assessed. The scale attained good reliability and validity. Conclusion: This scale can be applied for evaluation of activity levels for Chinese children.