Pain is one of the most common and unendurable symptoms in cancer patients and a major factor affecting their quality of life.Patient-controlled analgesia(PCA) is an important palliative measure in additional to conventional pharmacological control of pain.Nurses play the primary role in the management of PCA for cancer pain, and their knowledge, attitude and practice about PCA for cancer pain directly affect the effectiveness of cancer pain management.This article summarizes and analyzes the current status of nurses' knowledge, attitude and practice and associated influencing factors, aiming to improve nursing management of PCA, reinforce specialized nursing training, propose recommendations for an expert consensus on PCA for cancer pain and provide a reference for nursing practice in PCA for cancer pain.

Objective:To explore the mediating role of psychological resilience between work stress and sleep quality in psychiatric nurses.Methods:From April to August 2023, convenience sampling was used to select 457 psychiatric nurses working in three psychiatric hospitals in Henan Province as the research subjects. The survey was conducted using the General Information Questionnaire, the Chinese version of the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC), the Chinese Nursing Stressor Scale (CNSS), and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). Pearson correlation was used to analyze the correlation between psychological resilience, work stress, and sleep quality among psychiatric nurses. SPSS 26.0 software was used to analyze the data, and Process macro program and Bootstrap method were used to test the mediating effect.Results:Among 457 psychiatric nurses, the total scores of the Chinese version of CD-RISC, CNSS, and PSQI were (58.89±13.27), (78.02±14.31), and (8.04±3.46), respectively. Pearson correlation showed that work stress was positively correlated with sleep quality ( r=0.703, P<0.01). In contrast, work stress was negatively correlated with psychological resilience ( r=-0.413, P<0.01), and psychological resilience was negatively correlated with sleep quality ( r=-0.712, P<0.01). Psychological resilience partially mediated the relationship between work stress and sleep quality, with a mediating effect value of 0.051, accounting for 30.0% of the total effect. Conclusions:Psychological resilience partially mediates the relationship between work stress and sleep quality in psychiatric nurses. Nursing managers should attach importance to and enhance the psychological resilience of psychiatric nurses, regularly relieve stress, improve sleep quality, and enhance the physical and mental health of nurses.

Objective:To investigate the levels of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and interleukin-1beta (IL-1β) in the plasma and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid of silicosis patients with artificial quartz stone plate processing.Methods:In January 2022, 10 patients with artificial quartz stone plate processing silicosis and 20 patients with common silicosis who were hospitalized and diagnosed in a hospital at Zhejiang Province from June 2019 to December 2021 were retrospectively selected as the research objects, and 30 healthy people were selected as the control group during the same period. Plasma of all subjects and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid of all patients were collected. The levels of TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-1β in plasma and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and were analyzed.Results:The levels of TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-1β in the plasma of patients with silicosis were higher than those of the control group ( P<0.05), and the levels of TNF-α and IL-1β in the plasma of silicosis patients with artificial quartz stone plate processing were higher than those of common silicosis patients ( P<0.05). The levels of TNF-α and IL-1β in plasma of artificial quartz stone plate processing silicosis patients were higher than those of common silicosis patients at the same silicon stage ( P<0.05). The levels of IL-1β in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid of silicosis patients with artificial quartz stone plate processing was higher than that of patients with common silicosis ( P<0.05) . Conclusion:The levels of TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-1β in silicosis patients with artificial quartz stone plate processing are higher than those in patients with common silicosis, which may be related to dust components they are exposed to.

Objective:To investigate the levels of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and interleukin-1beta (IL-1β) in the plasma and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid of silicosis patients with artificial quartz stone plate processing.Methods:In January 2022, 10 patients with artificial quartz stone plate processing silicosis and 20 patients with common silicosis who were hospitalized and diagnosed in a hospital at Zhejiang Province from June 2019 to December 2021 were retrospectively selected as the research objects, and 30 healthy people were selected as the control group during the same period. Plasma of all subjects and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid of all patients were collected. The levels of TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-1β in plasma and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and were analyzed.Results:The levels of TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-1β in the plasma of patients with silicosis were higher than those of the control group ( P<0.05), and the levels of TNF-α and IL-1β in the plasma of silicosis patients with artificial quartz stone plate processing were higher than those of common silicosis patients ( P<0.05). The levels of TNF-α and IL-1β in plasma of artificial quartz stone plate processing silicosis patients were higher than those of common silicosis patients at the same silicon stage ( P<0.05). The levels of IL-1β in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid of silicosis patients with artificial quartz stone plate processing was higher than that of patients with common silicosis ( P<0.05) . Conclusion:The levels of TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-1β in silicosis patients with artificial quartz stone plate processing are higher than those in patients with common silicosis, which may be related to dust components they are exposed to.

Objective:To explore the mediating effect of social support between self-management ability and health-promoting lifestyle in elderly cancer patients with peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC) .Methods:This study was a cross-sectional study. From October 2018 to October 2019, convenience sampling was used to select 472 elderly cancer patients with PICC from two Class Ⅲ Grade A general hospitals in Henan Province as the research subject. The General Information Questionnaire, Cancer Patients PICC Self-management Scale (CPPSM) , Social Support Rating Scale (SSRS) and Health Promotion Lifestyle ProfileⅡ (HPLP-Ⅱ) were used for investigation. The mediating effect of social support between self-management ability and health-promoting lifestyle in elderly cancer patients with PICC was analyzed. A total of 472 questionnaires were distributed, and 467 valid questionnaires were recovered, with a valid recovery rate of 98.9%.Results:Among 467 elderly cancer patients with PICC, the scores of social support, self-management ability, and health-promoting lifestyle were (42.87±7.94) , (147.32±22.17) , and (114.93±25.20) , respectively. There was a positive correlation between social support and self-management ability ( r=0.244, P<0.01) , a positive correlation between social support and health-promoting lifestyle ( r=0.377, P<0.01) , and a positive correlation between self-management ability and health-promoting lifestyle ( r=0.471, P<0.01) . The results of the mediating effect analysis showed that social support played a partial mediating effect between the self-management ability and the health-promoting lifestyle of elderly cancer patients with PICC, accounting for 17.6% of the total effect. Conclusions:Social support is a mediating variable between self-management ability and health-promoting lifestyle in elderly cancer patients with PICC. Medical and nursing staff should pay attention to and improve the social support of elderly cancer patients with PICC, and take corresponding intervention measures to improve the health-promoting behavior and health level of elderly cancer patients.

Objective:To explore the effect of the care and nursing practice plan based on the timing theory in primary caregivers of infants with infantile spasms.Methods:From July 2019 to June 2020, 80 infants with infantile spasm and 80 primary caregivers in the Department of Neurology of Hunan Children's Hospital were selected as the research object. All infants with infantile spasms were numbered according to the time of admission. The odd-numbered infants were admitted to the First Department of Neurology as the observation group, and the even-numbered children were admitted to the Second Department of Neurology as the control group, with 40 infants and 40 primary caregivers in each group. The control group carried out conventional treatment and nursing, and the observation group implemented a care and nursing practice plan based on the timing theory on the basis of the control group. Before and after the intervention, the Caring Ability Inventory (CAI) , Family Caregiver Task Inventory (FCTI) , Caregiver Burden Inventory (CBI) , and Gesell Developmental Schedules (GDS) were used to evaluate the caring ability, caregiving ability, care load of the primary caregivers of the two groups of infants, and the cognition function of the two groups of infants.Results:After the intervention, the total CAI scores of the primary caregivers in the observation group were higher than those before intervention and those in the control group after the intervention, and the total scores of FCTI and CBI were lower than those before intervention and those in the control group after the intervention, and the differences were statistically significant ( P<0.05) . After the intervention, the developmental quotient (DQ) values of the five energy areas of GDS in the observation group were higher than those before the intervention, and the DQ values of the three energy areas of gross motor, fine motor, and language were higher than those of the control group after the intervention, and the differences were statistically significant ( P<0.05) . Conclusions:The care and nursing practice plan based on the timing theory can improve the caring ability and caregiving ability of the main caregivers of children with infantile spasms, reduce the care load, and improve the cognitive function of the children.

Objective:To explore the effect of follow-up information platform combined with full-course health education on compliance and cardiac function in patients with chronic heart failure.Methods:A total of 150 patients with chronic heart failure treated in He′nan People′s Hospital between November 2018 and November 2019 were selected for study. Patients were divided into observation group and control group by random number table method, and each group had 75 cases. The control group received routine health education intervention, and the observation group implemented follow-up information platform combined with full-course health education intervention. The intervention time was 6 months, and then the compliance behavior, cardiac function and quality of life of the two groups of patients were compared.Results:The overall compliance rate of the observation group was significantly higher than that of the control group ( Z value was -5.634, P<0.01), and the total compliance rate of the observation group was 92.00% (69/75), which was significantly higher than 74.67% (56/75) of the control group ( χ2 value was 8.112, P<0.01). After the intervention, both the 6-minute walking test and the left ventricular ejection fraction in the observation group were (482.75±81.45) m, (48.34±6.10)%], which were significantly higher than (406.92±68.20) m, (39.61±5.73) % of the control group ( t values were 6.182, 9.034, P<0.01). After the intervention, the physical limitation, psychological mood, disease symptoms, and social relationship scores of the observation group patients were (11.00±1.58), (10.06±1.55), (6.06±1.29), and (5.09± 1.14) points, which were significantly lower than (17.15±1.90), (11.79±1.55), (9.52±1.23), and (8.09±1.02) points of the control group ( t values were 6.835-21.533, P<0.01). Conclusion:Compared with conventional health education, the whole course of health education combined with the follow-up information platform is beneficial to improve the compliance rate, quality of life and cardiac function of patients with chronic heart failure.

Objective:To explore the current situation of infusion effusion and extravasation of intravenous indwelling needle, and analyze the related outcome indicators of venous effusion and extravasation, indwelling time and effusion area of 5 different infusion sites.Methods:Convenience sampling method was used to select patients hospitalized in 19 hospitals and with intravenous needles for infusion in Henan Province from January to June 2019 as the research object. The clinical infusion report form constructed by expert group discussion was used to investigate the current status and analyze the differences in outcomes of different sites. A total of 13 594 patients were investigated, and 13 284 were effectively investigated, with an effective rate of 97.72%.Results:Among 13 284 patients with intravenous indwelling needle for infusion, venous effusion and extravasation occurred in 532 cases, with an incidence of 4.00%; the incidence of effusion and extravasation of dorsal hand veins, forearm veins, upper arm veins, cephalic veins and lower limb veins were 3.92%, 3.90%, 7.54%, 2.74% and 4.69% respectively. Different puncture sites had statistically significant differences in the number of cases of effusion and extravasation, indwelling time and area of exudation and extravasation ( P<0.05) . Among them, the indwelling time of lower limb veins was the shortest and the effusion area was the largest; the dorsal hand veins had a long indwelling time and the effusion area was the smallest. Conclusions:The infusion in the lower limb vein was poor, and dorsal hand vein has the best outcome. Nurses should formulate reasonable infusion measures according to the patient's treatment plan during the infusion, strengthen inspections and preventive measures to reduce the occurrence of intravenous infusion effusion and extravasation.

Objective To investigate the clinical value of 18F-FDG PET-CT in the diagnosis, clinical staging and treatment guide of malignant lymphoma. Methods A total of 136 lymphoma patients confirmed by pathological diagnosis who received 18F-FDG PET-CT and contrast enhanced CT (CECT) examination in Gansu Provincial Hospital from January 2011 to December 2016 were collected. The sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, positive predictive values (PPV) and negative predictive values (NPV) of 18F-FDG PET-CT and CECT were evaluated, respectively. The effects of 18F-FDG PET-CT on diagnosis, clinical staging and treatment regimens of lymphoma were analyzed. Results The sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, PPV and NPV of 18F-FDG PET-CT in the diagnosis of lymphoma for all 136 patients was 98.2%, 82.1%, 94.9%, 95.5% and 92.0%, respectively. CECT was 80.6%, 67.9%, 77.9%, 90.6% and 47.5%, respectively. The difference in sensitivity and specificity between 18F-FDG PET-CT and CECT was statistically significant (χ2＝ 16.0, P<0.01). The accuracy of 18F-FDG PET-CT was higher than that of CECT. Compared with CECT, 26 (20.6%) patients with image of 18F-FDG PET-CT showed the increase of the clinical staging, 4 (2.9%) patients showed the decrease of the clinical staging, and 16 (11.8%) patients changed the treatment regimen after the stage alteration. Conclusion 18F-FDG PET-CT is superior to CECT in the diagnosis, clinical staging and treatment guide of lymphoma, which shows the promising prospect in the diagnosis and treatment of lymphoma.

Objective To understand the current status of receiving no methadone maintenance treatment (MMT) and influencing factors in HIV infected injecting drug users (IDUs) in Dehong Dai and Jingpo autonomous prefectures,Yunnan province.Methods Data of survival of IDUs with AIDS in Dehong were collected from "Chinese National Comprehensive HIV/AIDS and Care Information System" in December,2014.Results There were 987 IDUs who should receive MMT,the majority of them were males (94.6％,934/987),aged 35-44 years (53.0％,523/987) and farmers (77.2％,762/987).Among the 987 IDUs,60.2％ (592/987) received no MMT.Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that being female (OR=2.66,95％CI:1.21-5.87),in Jingpo ethnic group (OR=3.05,95％CI:1.97-4.71) were the major risk factors for receiving no MMT;not being farmers (OR=0.46,95％CI:0.31-0.70),in Dai ethnic group (OR=0.53,95％CI:0.36-0.79),diagnosed HIV infection history ≥ 10 years (OR=0.60,95％CI:0.45-0.81) were the major protective factors for receiving no MMT.The reasons for receiving no MMT included long distance journey (289,48.8％),fear of exposure (124,20.9％),poor daily medication compliance (59,10.0％),fear of side effects (47,7.9％),others (73,12.3％).Conclusions The proportion of receiving no MMT in IDUs with AIDS in Dehong was high.Being female and farmer,in Jingpo ethnic group,low educational level,short diagnosed HIV infection history were influencing factors for receiving no MMT.The effective intervention measures should be taken to further improve MMT coverage according to the different characteristics of the patients.