Objective: To investigate the prevalence and influencing factors of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) among middle-aged and elderly people in Xihu District, Hangzhou City, so as to provide insights into prevention and intervention of MCI among middle-aged and elderly people. Methods: People aged 55 years and above were sampled from Xihu District using the multi-stage random sampling method, and demographic information, lifestyle behaviors, and chronic disease were collected through questionnaire surveys. The prevalence of MCI was assessed using the Montreal Cognitive Assessment, and influencing factors for MCI were analyzed using a multivariable logistic regression model. Results: A total of 440 valid questionnaires were recovered, with an effective recovery rate of 97.78%. There were 190 males (43.18%) and 250 females (56.82%). There were 179 respondents at ages of 55 to <65 years, accounting for 40.68%. The prevalence of MCI was 18.64%. Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that the risk of MCI was higher among the middle-aged and elderly people who were aged 65 to 95 years (55 to <65 years as the reference, 65 to <75 years, OR=4.156, 95%CI: 1.284-13.201; 75 to 95 years, OR=5.013, 95%CI: 1.752-14.126), were smokers (OR=4.768, 95%CI: 1.560-14.580), had higher daily cooking oil intake (OR=2.128, 95%CI: 1.062-4.199), had diabetes (OR=4.137, 95%CI: 1.144-4.958) and had hypertension (OR=8.093, 95%CI: 1.697-38.593); while the risk of MCI was lower among the middle-aged and elderly people who were engaged in mental labor (OR=0.074, 95%CI: 0.007-0.756) and had a monthly household income per capita of 4 000 yuan and above (4 000 to <8 000 yuan, OR=0.071, 95%CI: 0.014-0.358; 8 000 yuan and above, OR=0.009, 95%CI: 0.001-0.136). Conclusion MCI among middle-aged and elderly people in Xihu District is affected by age, occupation, monthly household income per capita, smoking, daily cooking oil intake, diabetes and hypertension.

OBJECTIVES: To characterize the biological properties of double-negative T (DNT) cells isolated from leukoreduction filter residues. METHODS: Leukoreduction filters containing residues from 400 mL whole blood units (n=6) were collected from a blood center. Filters were back-flushed with normal saline, and the eluate was concentrated to obtain leukoreduction filter residues. Leukocytes in the residues were counted by dual-fluorescence staining. DNT cells were then isolated from the residues using antibody-mediated adsorption and density gradient centrifugation. Both cryopreserved and fresh unstimulated DNT cells derived from the residues were subjected to in vitro culture. Following culture, cells were assessed for expansion fold, viability, immunophenotype, differentiation status, and cytotoxicity against target cells using dual-fluorescence staining and flow cytometry, with comparisons made to DNT cells derived from whole blood. RESULTS: The leukocyte recovery rate achieved through reverse flushing of the leukocyte reduction filter was (41.9±14.7)%. Compared to whole blood, the DNT cell starting material obtained from filter residues showed no significant difference in total T-cell content (P>0.05). However, the viability and purity of the resulting DNT cell starting materials were significantly lower (both P<0.05). After 17 days of culture, DNT cells from filter residues and whole blood showed no significant differences in expansion fold, immunophenotype, differentiation status, or cytotoxicity toward target cells (all P>0.05). However, the viability of DNT cells from residues was significantly lower than that of whole blood-derived DNT cells [(86.0±4.2)% vs. (92.2±1.2)%, P<0.05]. After thawing (post 3 or 15 days of cryopreservation) and 17 days of culture, DNT cell starting materials from residues showed comparable immunophenotype, expansion fold, and differentiation status to their non-cryopreserved counterparts from the same source (all P>0.05). However, the viability of DNT cells cryopreserved for 3 days [92.4% (91.8%, 92.8%)] and the cytotoxicity against target cells of those cryopreserved for 15 days [91.3% (89.4%, 95.1%)] were significantly higher than those of non-cryopreserved DNT cells [87.8% (82.0%, 89.0%) and 70.9% (67.3%, 80.2%), respectively] (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS DNT cells derived from leukoreduction filter residues exhibited highly comparable characteristics to those from whole blood in terms of expansion, purity, differentiation, and biological potency. Furthermore, their biological activity post-cryopreservation and revival remained largely similar to non-cryopreserved cells. These findings suggest that leukoreduction filter residues represent a promising alternative source of starting material for manufacturing off-the-shelf, allogeneic DNT cell therapeutics.

BACKGROUND: Previous evidence showed that ambient air pollution and cardiovascular mortality are related. However, there is a lack of evidence towards the modification effect of long-term lifestyle on the association between short-term ambient air pollution and death from cardiovascular events. METHOD: A total of 14,609 death from major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) were identified among the China Kadoorie Biobank participants from 2013 to 2018. Ambient air pollution exposure including particulate matter 2.5 (PM_2.5), SO₂, NO₂, CO, and O₃ from the same period were obtained from space-time model reconstructions based on remote sensing data. Case-crossover design and conditional logistic regression was applied to estimate the effect of short-term exposure to air pollutants on MACE mortality. RESULTS: We found MACE mortality was significantly associated with PM_2.5 (relative percent increase 2.91% per 10 µg/m³ increase, 95% CI 1.32-4.53), NO₂ (5.37% per 10 µg/m³ increase, 95% CI 1.56-9.33), SO₂ (6.82% per 10 µg/m³ increase, 95% CI 2.99-10.80), and CO (2.24% per 0.1 mg/m³ increase, 95% CI 1.02-3.48). Stratified analyses indicated that drinking was associated with elevated risk of MACE mortality with NO₂ and SO₂ exposure; physical inactivity was associated with higher risk of death from MACE when exposed to PM_2.5; and people who had balanced diet had lower risk of MACE mortality when exposed to CO and NO₂. CONCLUSIONS The study results showed that short-term exposure to ambient PM_2.5, NO₂, SO₂, and CO would aggravate the risk of cardiovascular mortality, yet healthy lifestyle conduct might mitigate such negative impact to some extent.
Humans ; Cardiovascular Diseases/epidemiology* ; China/epidemiology* ; Male ; Female ; Air Pollution/adverse effects* ; Middle Aged ; Air Pollutants/analysis* ; Particulate Matter/analysis* ; Environmental Exposure/adverse effects* ; Life Style ; Aged ; Adult ; Risk Factors ; Cross-Over Studies ; East Asian People

OBJECTIVE: This study investigates the efficacy and mechanisms of Qingjie Fuzheng Granules (QFG) in inhibiting colitis-associated colorectal cancer (CAC) development via RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) and 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) correlation analysis. METHODS: CAC was induced in BALB/c mice using azoxymethane (AOM) and dextran sulfate sodium (DSS), and QFG was administered orally to the treatment group. The effects of QFG on CAC were evaluated using disease index, histology, and serum T-cell ratios. RNA-seq and 16S rRNA analysis assessed the transcriptome and microbiome change. Key pharmacodynamic pathways were identified by integrating these data and confirmed via Western blotting and immunofluorescence. The link between microbiota and CAC-related markers was explored using linear discriminant analysis effect size and Spearman correlation analysis. RESULTS: Long-term treatment with QFG prevented AOM/DSS-induced CAC formation, reduced levels of interleukin (IL)-1β, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), IL-6, and interferon γ (IFN-γ), and increased CD3⁺ and CD4⁺/CD8⁺ T cells ratio, without causing hepatic or renal toxicity. A 16S rRNA analysis revealed that QFG rebalanced the Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio and mitigated AOM/DSS-induced microbiota disturbances. Transcriptomics and Western blotting analysis identified the nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-containing protein 2 (NOD2)/nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB) pathway as key for QFG's treatment against CAC. Furthermore, QFG decreased the abundance of Bacilli, Bacillales, Staphylococcaceae, Staphylococcus, Lactobacillales, Aerococcus, Alloprevotella, and Akkermansia, while increasing Clostridiales, Lachnospiraceae, Lachnospiraceae_NK4A136_group, Ruminococcaceae, and Muribaculaceae, which were highly correlated with CAC-related markers or NOD2/NF-κB pathway. CONCLUSION By mapping the relationships between CAC, immune responses, microbiota, and key pathways, this study clarifies the mechanism of QFG in inhibiting CAC, highlighting its potential for clinical use as preventive therapy.

Honey, a natural substance, has long been valued for its dual role in both food and medicine in diverse cultural traditions, particularly in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). It is rich in sugars, amino acids, enzymes, polyphenols, and flavonoids that contribute to its antimicrobial, antioxidant, and immunomodulatory properties. Additionally, honey is effective in managing some conditions, such as antibiotic-resistant infections, inflammation, and oxidative stress-related diseases. This review explores the extensive health benefits of honey, emphasizing the homology between food and medicine, as proposed by TCM philosophy. Further, this review explores the traditional applications of honey in respiratory health, wound healing, and gastrointestinal support, along with modern scientific validation of these uses. Moreover, the role of honey as a dietary supplement, functional food, and preservative in culinary practices is examined. Overall, this review highlights the synergy between ancient wisdom and contemporary science, advocating for the continued exploration of the role of honey in health, nutrition, and medicine.

Objective To observe the interventional effects of complex probiotic powder on blood bio-chemical indices and vaginal flora in pregnant women with high risk of gestational diabetes mellitus(GDM). Methods One hundred and ten pregnant women with high risk of GDM recruited from the outpatient clinics of the obstetric department and nutrition department in this hospital were randomly divided into the probiotic intervention group (n=55) and the placebo control group (n=55).The intervention group was given 1 bag of complex probiotic powder per day,and the control group was given 1 bag of placebo powder.The colors,shapes,sizes and tastes of powders in the two groups remained the consistency.The intervention duration in this trial was 23 weeks.The questionnaire survey were conducted at baseline and at the intervention endpoint,and the blood biochemical indexes detections were performed at baseline,after 24-28 weeks of gestation,and after 34-38 weeks of gestation,respectively.In addition,the differences in the composition of the vaginal flora structure between the two groups of high risk pregnant women with GDM were detected at the intervention endpoint.Results A total of 97 cases were eventually included in the statistical analysis.Among them,there were 50 cases in the probiotic intervention group and 47 cases in the placebo control group.At the end of the 23 week intervention,there were no statistically significant differences in fasting blood glucose,red blood cells,hemoglobin,leukocytes,ferritin,total protein,albumin,glutamic transaminase,glutamic oxalate transam-inase and total bilirubin between the probiotic intervention group and placebo control group (P>0.05).In terms of vaginal flora,there was a significant difference in some indicators of α diversity between the probiotic group and placebo control group (P<0.05),and there was no significant difference in β diversity between the two groups (P>0.05).At the level of vaginal flora phyla,there were significant differences in the Firmicutes,Actinobacteria,Desulfobacterota,Deferribacterota,and δ-Myxococcota between the two groups (P<0.05).At the level of vaginal flora genera,the relative abundance of Lactobacillus spp.in the probiotic intervention group was significantly higher than that in the control group (P<0.05).Conclusion Complex probiotic pow-der supplementation may have a limited role in improving blood glucose and other related biochemical indica-tors in high-risk pregnant women with GDM.But it has a certain role in regulating the vaginal micro ecological balance in pregnant women with high risk of GDM.

Objective:To explore the clinical application of preimplantation genetic testing for monogenic disorders (PGT-M) in an unique case with Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) type 2+ 0.Methods:A special SMA family presented at the Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University on October 19, 2020 was selected as the study subject. Multiple ligation-dependent probe amplification (MLPA) and molecular tagging linkage analysis were carried out to identify the SMN1 genotype of the couple and their fetus. Subsequently, next-generation sequencing (NGS), molecular tagging linkage analysis, and chromosomal microarray analysis were employed to determine the haplotypes and validate the result of PGT-M on the 11 embryos derived for the couple. Results:The female partner was identified as a carrier of the rare SMN1[2+ 0] variant, and prenatal diagnosis confirmed the fetus to be affected by SMA. Ultimately, PGT-M has successfully selected four embryos free from the pathogenic SMN1 variants and X chromosome deletion. Conclusion:PGT-M can effectively prevent the transmission of rare genetic variants such as the SMA 2+ 0 subtype in the families. Above finding has provided guidance for genetic counseling and family planning for the couple.

Objective To propose a method for abdominal multi-organ segmentation assisted by multi-phase CT synthesis.Methods Multi-phase CT synthesis for synthesizing high-quality CT images was used to increase the information details for image segmentation.A transformer block was introduced to help to capture long-range semantic information in cooperation with perceptual loss to minimize the differences between the real image and synthesized image.Results The model was trained using multi-phase CT dataset of 526 total cases from Nanfang Hospital.The mean maximum absolute error(MAE)of the synthesized non-contrast CT,venous phase contrast-enhanced CT(CECT),and delay phase CECT images from arterial phase CECT was 19.192±3.381,20.140±2.676 and 22.538±2.874,respectively,which were better than those of images synthesized using other methods.Validation of the multi-phase CT synthesis-assisted abdominal multi-organ segmentation method showed an average dice coefficient of 0.847 for the internal validation set and 0.823 for the external validation set.Conclusion The propose method is capable of synthesizing high-quality multi-phase CT images to effectively reduce the errors in registration between different phase CT images and improve the performance for segmentation of 13 abdominal organs.

Objective To propose a method for abdominal multi-organ segmentation assisted by multi-phase CT synthesis.Methods Multi-phase CT synthesis for synthesizing high-quality CT images was used to increase the information details for image segmentation.A transformer block was introduced to help to capture long-range semantic information in cooperation with perceptual loss to minimize the differences between the real image and synthesized image.Results The model was trained using multi-phase CT dataset of 526 total cases from Nanfang Hospital.The mean maximum absolute error(MAE)of the synthesized non-contrast CT,venous phase contrast-enhanced CT(CECT),and delay phase CECT images from arterial phase CECT was 19.192±3.381,20.140±2.676 and 22.538±2.874,respectively,which were better than those of images synthesized using other methods.Validation of the multi-phase CT synthesis-assisted abdominal multi-organ segmentation method showed an average dice coefficient of 0.847 for the internal validation set and 0.823 for the external validation set.Conclusion The propose method is capable of synthesizing high-quality multi-phase CT images to effectively reduce the errors in registration between different phase CT images and improve the performance for segmentation of 13 abdominal organs.

ObjectiveTo present the exploration and application of a prospective follow-up research method for acute infectious disease surveillance based on natural community populations， using COVID-19 infection as an example， and to provide a reference for improving the infectious disease surveillance and early warning system. MethodsA multi-stage probability proportional sampling method was employed to sample residents from all communities of 16 administrative districts in Shanghai， with households as the units. A cohort for acute infectious diseases based on natural community populations was established. The baseline survey was conducted for all cohort subjects， and COVID-19 antigen test kits were distributed. From December 21， 2022 to September 30， 2023， prospective follow-up monitoring of COVID-19 antigen and nucleic acid was carried out on the study subjects on a weekly basis. The baseline characteristics and follow-up information of the cohort subjects were described. ResultsThe cohort for acute infectious diseases included a total of 12 881 subjects， comprising 6 098 males （47.3%） and 6 783 females （52.7%）. The baseline survey revealed that 35.2% （4 540/12 881） of the subjects had a history of COVID-19 infection. During the follow-up period from December 21， 2022 to September 30， 2023， the average incidence density in the cohort was 0.61/person-year， with a higher incidence density in females （0.63/person-year） compared to males （0.59/person-year）. Individuals aged 60 and above （0.64/person-year） and those with underlying health conditions （0.67/person-year） had a higher incidence density. Healthcare workers showed a notably higher incidence density （0.84/person-year） than that in other occupational groups. As of September 30， 2023， a total of 340 subjects in the cohort experienced secondary infections， with a median interval of 170 days between the first and second infections. ConclusionThis study applies cohort study method to acute infectious disease surveillance， providing crucial data support for estimating infection rates and forecasting alerts for acute infectious diseases in the community. This method can be promoted and applied as a new approach for acute infectious disease surveillance.