Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of recombinant Mycobacterium tuberculosis fusion protein skin test (EC-ST) in screening for latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) among HIV/AIDS patients, so as to provide insights into the applicability of EC-ST in LTBI screening among HIV/AIDS patients. Methods: From April to June 2023, HIV/AIDS patients under management and treatment in Yangzhou City, Jiangsu Province, were selected as study subjects. Basic information was collected through questionnaire surveys. LTBI was screened by EC-ST and interferon-gamma release assay (IGRA). Taking IGRA results as the diagnostic standard, the positive rate, sensitivity, specificity and consistency rate of EC-ST, and the impact of CD4+T lymphocyte (CD4) counts on the screening effect of EC-ST were analyzed. Results: A total of 523 HIV/AIDS patients were screened, including 458 males (87.57%) and 65 females (12.43%). The median age was 48.00 (interquartile range, 21.00) years. The positive rate of EC-ST was 7.27% and the positive rate of IGRA was 7.46%, with no statistically significant difference (P>0.05). The consistency rate of the two methods was 94.84%, and the Kappa value of 0.621 (95%CI: 0.489-0.752, P<0.05). The sensitivity of EC-ST was 64.10% and the specificity was 97.31%. Comparing the groups with CD4 counts <500 and ≥500 cells/μL, the consistency rates of the two methods were 95.32% and 94.44%, and the Kappa values were 0.568 and 0.650, respectively (both P<0.05). There were no statistically significant differences in the positive rates, sensitivity, and specificity of EC-ST (all P>0.05). Comparing the groups with CD4 counts <200 and ≥200 cells/μL, the consistency rates of the two methods were 96.55% and 94.62%, and the Kappa values were 0.648 and 0.619, respectively (both P<0.05). There were no statistically significant differences in the positive rates, sensitivity, and specificity of EC-ST (all P>0.05). Conclusion The effectiveness of EC-ST in screening for LTBI among HIV/AIDS patients is consistent with that of IGRA and is not affected by CD4 counts.

Objective:To study the clinical characteristics of SARS-CoV-2 infection in neonates.Methods:From December 2022 to January 2023, neonates with PCR confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection admitted to the Department of Neonatology of our hospital were retrospectively studied.The clinical data including epidemiological history, clinical manifestations, laboratory results, treatment and prognosis were analyzed.Results:A total of 174 neonates were enrolled, including 152(87.4%) with clear exposure to SARS-CoV-2 patients prior to onset. 73 cases (42.0%) were mild type, 72(41.4%) were moderate type, 26(14.9%) were severe type and 3(1.7%) were critically severe type. 109 cases had fever, 118 had respiratory symptoms including cough, nasal congestion and spitting up bubbles, 56 had gastrointestinal symptoms including decreased appetite, vomiting, and diarrhea and 35 had neurological symptoms including drowsiness, poor response and irritability. All 174 patients had positive nucleic acid test. White blood cell (WBC) was normal in 151 cases, decreased in 14 and increased in 9. 8 cases showed elevated C-reactive protein(CRP). Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) was increased in 74 cases, creatine kinase (CK) increased in 22 cases and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) increased in 3 cases. Chest X-ray or CT scan showed 102 cases with pneumonia. 26 cases required nasal cannula oxygen therapy and 4 cases required respiratory support (3 invasive and 1 non-invasive). 173 cases were discharged fully recovered and 1 died after withdrawal of treatment for total anomalous pulmonary venous drainage (TAPVD) .Conclusions:Neonates are susceptible to SARS-CoV-2.Most patients have a history of exposure prior to disease onset. 83.3% of all cases are mild and moderate types.Respiratory symptoms are common. Symptomatic treatments are effective with an overall good prognosis.

Objective To explore the relationship between blood lipid levels and cerebrovascular hemodynamic indices (CVHI) in a young and middle?aged population, and to identify reference values for early warning of stroke. Method Between June 2015 and June 2016, a total of 6 252 young and middle?aged patients were assessed for cerebrovascular function in The Health Management Center of Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University. Patients were divided into abnormal and normal blood lipid groups. Differences in CVHI indicators and scores between the groups were determined, and factors influencing CVHI indices were compared using multivariate logistic regression analysis. Results Mean (Vmean), maximum (Vmax), and minimum blood flow velocity (Vmin) and cumulative scores for CVHI indices in the abnormal blood lipid group were significantly lower than in the normal blood lipid group (P<0.001). However, pulse wave velocity, characteristic impedance, peripheral vascular resistance, dynamic resistance, critical pressure, and differences between diastolic blood pressure and critical pressure were greater than those in the normal blood lipid group (P<0.001). Multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that a high triglyceride level, overweight or obesity, high systolic blood pressure, high diastolic blood pressure, and age were risk factors for low CVHI scores, with odds ratios (95% confidence intervals) of 1.455 (1.195- 1.771), 2.271 (1.782-2.895), 5.967 (4.557-7.815), 4.251 (3.349-5.396), 2.560 (1.993-3.287), and 1.448 (1.189-1.763). Conclusion Abnormal blood lipid levels can lead to abnormal cerebrovascular function in young and middle?aged population; elevated triglyceride level was an independent risk factor for impaired cerebrovascular function.

Objective To investigate the assessment and influencing factors of the cerebrovascular function in 40-60 years old women in Guiyang city,and to provide information for the prevention of stroke in menopausal women.Methods Self-designed questionnaire was used among randomly selected healthy women aged 40-60 years who received health checkup from April 2016 to April 2017 in the Medical Examination Center of Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University.Levels of height,weight,blood pressure,blood lipid,blood glucose,blood uric acid and the cerebral hemodynamics were checked,comparing the influence of different factors for cerebrovascular function integral value differences,and assess the risk of stroke.Results A total of 439 cases were included in the study,the number of cases with abnormal cerebro vascular function (the score of cerebro vascular function score ＜75) accounted for 13.2％ (58/439).Increased age,being ethnic minorities,menopause,obesity,high blood pressure,high blood sugar,high blood uric acid,increased high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C),total cholesterol and triglycerides were related to the abnormal scores of brain function,and the difference was statistically significant (P＜0.05).Logistic regression analysis indicated that minority,High HDL-C [OR(95％CI):0.38 (0.25-0.58),P=0.036],obesity [OR(95％CI):11.62 (5.17-26.14),P=0.001] and hypertension [OR(95％CI):14.87(2.46-89.75),P=0.001] are the factors influencing the cerebro vascular function.Conclusion The proportion of abnormal cerebrovascular function was 13.2％.Increased HDL-C is the protective factor for perimenopausal cerebro vascular function.Minority,obesity and high blood pressure are risk factors for cerebro vascular function,of which,the association between hypertension and cerebro vascular function worsens with elevated blood pressure.

Objective:To improve the quality standard for Qingyuantiaozhi capsules. Methods:The main components of the prep-aration, such as Chrysanthemum, Anthraquinones, Hawthorn and Radix Rehmanniae Preparata, were identified by TLC qualitatively. The content of chlorogenic acid in chrysanthemum was determined by HPLC. A DIKMA Spursil C18(250 ×4.6 mm,5 μm)column was used with methanol-0. 2% phosphoric acid solution(9 ∶91) as the mobile phase. The flow rate was 1. 0 ml·min-1, the detection wavelength was set at 327 mn and the sample size was 20 μl. Results:The spots in TLC were clear without any interference. The cali-bration curve was linear within the range of 4. 425 2-30. 976 4μg·ml-1(r=0. 999 9) for chlorogenic acid. The average recovery was 101. 18% (RSD=1. 88%, n=6). Conclusion:The improved quality standard is specific, accurate and reproducible, which can be used for the quality control of Qingyuantiaozhi capsules.

Objective To evaluate the effects of the telephone follow-up on blood glucose and treatment compliance among patients with the initial use of insulin glargine. Methods A total of 100 inpatients with the initial use of insulin glargine were randomly assigned to a control group and an observation group according to the random number table method, with 50 cases each. The patients of control group received routine discharge guidance, while the patients of observation group received 5 times telephone follow-up leading by doctors and nurses in three months. Patients in both groups were followed up 3 months, and their fasting blood glucose, glycated hemoglobin ( HbA1c), and treatment compliance were measured before and 3 months after the intervention. Results There was no statistically significant difference in fasting blood glucose and values of HbA1c between two groups before the intervention (P >0. 05). The fasting blood glucose in the observation group was lower than that of the control group after 3 months intervention, and the Values of HbA1c in the observation group was lower than that of the control group after intervention (P<0. 05); the behavior of diet, blood glucose monitoring, insulin treatment compliance in the observation group better than those in the control group (P<0. 05). The Compliance of exercise behavior in the observation group had no significant difference with that of the control group ( P > 0. 05 ). Conclusions Telephone follow-up can improve patient′s compliance, which is favorable for glycemic control after discharge in patients with the initial use insulin glargine.

Objective To investigate the clinical effects of botulinum toxin A ( BTX-A) local injection treatment for hemifacial spasm .Methods Seventeen sites were used to inject BTX-A in 46 patients with hemifacial spasm . Before and after treatment , the grades of facial spasm were evaluated .Clinical efficacy was evaluated based on hemifacial spasm rating 4 weeks after treatment .The recurrence of symptoms in patients given repeated BTX-A injection.Results After BTX-A injection, 15 cases of completely relieved , obviously relieved in 29 cases, partial remission in 2 cases;the efficiency was 95.6%.The onset time was (2.6 ±1.1) d;sustained efficacy was (19.1 ± 2.3)weeks.Injection times was 1 in 5 cases, 2 in 23 cases, 3 in 11 cases and 4 or more in 7 cases.The onset time of repeated injection was(2.61 ±1.03) d, the duration was(19.24 ±2.12) weeks and the efficiency was 100%, They had no significant differences between initial and repeated injection .Six cases occurred local facial mild paralysis, and complete recovery after 2-4 weeks.Conclusion BTX-A local injection for hemifacial spasm is a safe and effective treatment , has no significant adverse reaction;and the effect of repeated injection is not decreased .

Objective To screen mutations in genes including ASXL1, TET2, IDH1, IDH2, SETBP1, MPL515, JAK2 exon 12 and JAK2V617 in 135 polycythemia vera (PV) patients. To assess progreasson and genomics characteristics post polycythemic myelofibrosis. Methods DNA sequencing of ASXL1(Exon12),TET2 (Exons 3-11),IDH1(Exon4),IDH2(Ex-on4),SEPBP1(Exon4),JAK2 exon 12 and MPL515 (Exon 10) genes were carried out using Sanger method. JAK2V617 muta-tion was detected by allele-specific PCR in patients with PV. In the mean time, the mutation load of JAK2V617F allele (V617F%) was evaluated by real-time PCR using Tagman MGB probe. Then, the significant of gene mutations and clinical outcomes of post-PV Myelofibrosis(PPMF)was analyzed. To study risk factors of PPMF, logistic regression were employed. Results ASXL1, TET2, IDH1, IDH2 were mutated in 7.69%(8/104), 5.26%(1/19) , 0.08%(1/120) and 0.08%(1/121) of all PV patient respectively. JAK2 was mutated in 82.22%(111/135) of PV patients with mutation rate of exon12 of 2.96%(4/135) and there were no mutation of MPL515 and SETBP1 in PV patients. ASXL1 mutation was found in 31.82%(7/22) PPMF patients. Spearman analysis showed that ASXL1 is correlated with JAK2V617F (V617F%) (rs=0.298,P=0.002). The hemo-globin was lower in patients with ASXL1 mutation than patient without mutation (wild type). Leukocyte count, V617F%>50%rate, thrombosis and PPMF were higher in patients with ASXL1 mutation than that of ASXL1 wild type(P＜0.05). ASXL1 mu-tation, V617F%>50% rate and splenomegaly were all risk factors of PPMF. Conclusion ASXL1 mutation is the risk-fac-tor of PPMF and may promote V617F%by some mechanism.

Objective To analyze the prevention and control condition of infectious diseases of national health cities of prefecture and county level and non-national health cities in Shandong province according to the requirement to create national health cities.Methods To select 15 cities in Shandong province as the research object,including the 5 prefecture-level national health cities,5 county-level national health cities and 5 non-national health city closer to the national health situation.The survey status of infectious diseases,infectious morbidity and children′s vaccination status were analyzed,respectively.Results From 2005 to 2008,registration reporting rate,timeliness rate,accuracy rate and integrity rate of legal infectious diseases increased to 99％ or more.Direct reporting network coverage rate of 1infectious diseases and public health emergencies reached 100％.No type A and B infectious diseases outbreak occurred.The incidences of hepatitis B,dysentery and tuberculosis of national health city were all lower than the rates of non-state health cities and the national average level.The care rate of mobile children living more than 3 months and the immunization rate reached 100％ at county-level cities.Immunization rates of child 4 vaccines and hepatitis B vaccination were more than 99％ annually in the year 2007 and 2008.Conclusions The status of prevention and treatment of infectious diseases is effective.The national health city had a more powerful emergency response ability in Shandong province.

BACKGROUND: Memory loss is the main presentation during the earlier stage of radiative eneephalopathy, and it was reported that ganglioside (GM1) played important role in neural rehabilitation, particular in the improvement of memory.OBJECTIVE: To study the improving effect of GM1 on spatial learning and memory retardation in rats following radiative encepholopathy. DESIGN: Randomized control and comparative observing study based on the experimental animals.SETTING: Department of Neurology and Department of Radiation of Second Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University.MATERIALS: This study was carried out at the Laboratory of the Second Hospital Affiliated to Sun Yat-sen University between March 2001 and May 2002. Tctally 80 SD rats were randomly selected and divided into control group, GM1 treatment group, physiological saline group and non-intervention group with 20 rats in each group.INTERVENTIONS: Rats in GM1 group, physiological saline group and non-intervention group subjected to head 60Coγ irradiation of 7Gy each time after anesthesia, once a day for consecutive 6 days, and the total dosage was 42Gy while rats in control group did not receive irradiation after anesthesia. Rats in GM1 and physiological saline(PS) group were given intraperitoneal injection of GM1 and physiological saline of 30 mg/kg respectively at 1 hour after each time of radiation, once a day for consecutive 6 days but not in control group and non-intervention group. Evaluation: ①After irradiation, morris water labyrinth navigation test was used to assess the capability of learning and memory of rats by the time for reaching platform (latency); ② Spatial searching test was used to detect their spatial memory after learning how to reach the platform by recording the way of rats searching the platform in 120 s and calculating the percentage of swimming distance in platform quadrant in the total distance; ③ After labyrinth test, brains were taken out of the rats in GM1 group, PS group and non-intervention group for observing the histological and pathological changes in rat brains.RESULTS: ① The latency become stable form onset of the 4th day in each group. On the 5th day, the searching platform latency in GM1 group was(13.6±1.4) s, shorter than(17.1±2.9) s of PS group and [(15.8±2.2) s, (P＜0.05)] of non-intervention group; ② Rats in GM 1 and control group were found capable of searching platform according to their spatial memory, presented by swimming trail most located in platform quadrant while rats in PS and non-intervention groups were found mostly swimming around the pool with moving trails distributed randomly. The percentage of swimming distance in platform quadrant was found higher in GM 1 treatment group than in the PS group and non-intervention group, but lower than that in the control group; ③ Histological examination revealed slight neuronal degeneration in PS group, part of which was changes of vacuolar degeneration with cell shrank, chromosome concentrated and nuclei gathered aside, and the number of astrocytes also decreased; the pathological changes in non-intervention group and PS group were similar; in GM1 group, part neurons became smaller with peripalsm turning red but the pathological changes, such as the number of cells,neuclei shrank and gathered aside, and vacuolar changes were less than those of the former two groups.ONCLUSION: Radiative encephalopathy would result in obvious learning nd memory impairments in rats but histological and pathological changes due o brain radiation injury can be attenuated with the treatment of GM1, implying that GM1 may play important role in the improvement of radiation-induced spatial learning and memory loss.