OBJECTIVE To compare the effects of leuprorelin and mifepristone on sex hormone levels， ovarian function， adverse reactions， and recurrence in patients with endometriosis （EMs） after surgery. METHODS A total of 178 patients who underwent surgical treatment for EMs in Ji’an Central People’s Hospital from September 2021 to September 2023 were randomly divided into the leuprorelin group and the mifepristone group， with 92 cases in each group. Medication was initiated on days 1 to 5 of the first menstrual cycle following surgery. Patients in the leuprorelin group received subcutaneous injections of Leuprorelin acetate microspheres， 3.75 mg per time， once every four weeks， for a total of 6 injections. Patients in the mifepristone group took 12.5 mg of Mifepristone capsules orally once daily for six consecutive months. Visual analog scale （VAS）， serum sex hormone levels [follicle-stimulating hormone （FSH）， luteinizing hormone （LH）， and estradiol （E2）]， ovarian function indicators [anti- Müllerian hormone （AMH）， antral follicle count （AFC）]， and T helper 1 cell （Th1）/Th2 shift markers [interferon-γ （IFN-γ）， interleukin 2 （IL-2）， IL-4， and IL-10] were compared between the two groups before surgery and after treatment. Incidence and outcome of adverse reactions and recurrence within one year were also compared between the two groups. RESULTS There were no statistically significant differences in baseline indicators between the two groups before surgery （P＞0.05）. After treatment， both groups showed significantly lower VAS scores for chronic pelvic pain， dysmenorrhea and dyspareunia， and significantly reduced serum FSH， LH， E2， IL-4 and IL-10 levels compared to before surgery （P＜0.05）， while serum IFN-γ and IL-2 levels were significantly increased （P＜0.05）； the leuprorelin group showed significantly greater improvements than the mifepristone group in all these indicators （P＜0.05）. After treatment， serum AMH levels in both groups were significantly lower than before surgery levels， while AFC was significantly increased （P＜0.05）； the leuprorelin group had significantly higher serum AMH levels and more AFC compared to the mifepristone group （P＜0.05）. There were no significant differences in the incidence of adverse reactions and outcome rates between the two groups （P＞0.05）. During one year of follow-up after discontinuation， the recurrence rate in the leuprorelin group was significantly lower than in the mifepristone group （1.15% vs. 10.99%， P＜0.05）. CONCLUSIONS Both leuprorelin and mifepristone are effective therapeutic drugs for EMs， but the former has advantages in alleviating pain， regulating serum sex hormone levels， protecting ovarian function， regulating immune function and reducing recurrence rates.

A total of 207 general practitioners who participated in the "Beijing-Hong Kong Community Health Service Training Demonstration Center Project" training from 2013 to 2017 were selected for this questionnaire survey. A self-designed questionnaire was used, which contained the basic information of the trainees, the training purpose, the shortcomings of training, the satisfaction and suggestions for training. Total 192 valid questionnaires were retrieved with a recovery rate of 92.8%. The in-depth personal interviews were conducted among 8 trainees who served as key trainers in community health service centers and 4 managers from their institutions, to investigate the subsequent application of the learning results after they returning to work. The survey showed that the reasons of participating in training were knowledge updates (165, 85.94%), competence requirements (128, 66.67%), and due to administration decision (127, 66.15%). The highest comprehensive scores of training needs were improvement of general practice thinking ability (4.63), followed by clinical diagnosis and treatment ability (4.44), and general practice skills (3.97). For teaching contents, participants were most interested in diagnosis ability (4.03) and clinical operative techniques (3.20). For the training form, the participants more favored the case discussion method (80.73%, 155/192), clinical practice (52.08%, 100/192) and community practice (38.02%,73/192). The trainees were highly satisfied with the overall training organization, training time, training form, and training teachers of the Beijing-Hong Kong training project, and had a good grasp of the training content. Half of trainees (97, 50.52%) thought that the main shortcomings of training was the discrepancy between training content and practical work. Interviewees showed that after the training, the team management, communication skills and disease management ability for some minor specialties had been significantly improved; the enthusiasm for scientific research had been stimulated; they had a certain managerial thinking; and were able to apply what they leant in community health service. In summary, the training project has reached the initial training goals to promote the comprehensive ability of trainees.

This article interpretsthe expert consensus on venous catheter maintenance, including flushing and locking tube, dressing replacement and catheter maintenance, infusion connectors, catheter removal, education and training, infection control, etc. It is hoped that the expert consensus can provide a reference for clinical nurses to standardize the operations of intravenous catheter maintenance, thereby benefiting patients.

Objectives: To explore and summarize the beneficial effects of a traditional Chinese medicine prepara-tion, Tripterygium glycosides tablets (TGT), in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) animal models of neo-vascularization, and to provide a reference for future clinical applications and research on its pharmacologic mechanism.Methods: We searched the databases PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure, VIP, Wan Fang and SinoMed (China Biomedical Document Service System) to identify studies of TGT with outcome indicators of angiogenesis-related factors that were published before April 2020. Subgroup analysis and meta-regression were performed for dosage and duration of TGT. Statistical tests and subgroup analysis were conducted using RevMan 5.3, and meta-regression and sensitivity analysis were conducted using STATA/SE 15.0. Results: Fourteen studies of TGT in RA rats were included in this analysis. Treatment with TGT signifi-cantly reduces synovial microvessel density and the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), VEGF receptor 2, hypoxia inducible factor α, c-Fos, c-Jun, angiopoietin-1 and angiopoietin-2 compared with control groups (P < .05). Subgroup analysis did not show a significant association of the mRNA levels of VEGF in synovium, assessed using quantitative real-time PCR, with duration or dosage of TGT. Meta-regression analysis also indicated that the effects of dosage and duration were not significantly associated with differences in VEGF mRNA levels. Sensitivity analysis on VEGF mRNA levels did not fundamentally change the results. Conclusions: TGT can reduce synovial neovascularization by decreasing synovial microvessel density and expression of VEGF, VEGF receptor 2, hypoxia-inducible factorα, c-Fos, c-Jun, Ang-1 and Ang-2, thereby suppressing pannus formation and bone destruction in rat models of RA. Additional well-designed studies are required to confirm these findings.

OBJECTIVETo detect the expression of transient receptor potential canonical 1 (TRPC1) in a mouse model of ozone-induced lung inflammation and explore its role in lung inflammation.

METHODSIn a mouse model of lung inflammation established by ozone exposure, the expression of TRPC1 in the inflammatory lung tissues was detected by RT-PCR, Wstern blotting and immunohistochemistry.

RESULTSCompared to the control mice, the mice exposed to ozone showed significantly increased expression level of TRPC1 mRNA and protein in the inflammatory lung tissues (P<0.05). Immunohistochemistry showed increased TRPC1 protein expressions in the alveolar epithelial cells, bronchial epithelial cells, and inflammatory cells in the inflammatory lung tissues (P<0.05). The mRNA and protein expression levels of TRPC1 were positively correlated with the counts of white blood cells, macrophages, neutrophils and lymphocytes in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid of the exposed mice (P<0.01).

CONCLUSIONTRPC1 may play a role in ozone-induced lung inflammation in mice.

Animals ; Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid ; Disease Models, Animal ; Gene Expression ; Inflammation ; pathology ; Lung ; metabolism ; pathology ; Mice ; Ozone ; adverse effects ; Pneumonia ; metabolism ; pathology ; RNA, Messenger ; TRPC Cation Channels ; metabolism

Objective To evaluate postprandial pharmacokinetics and bioequivalence of two preparations of cefdinir capsules in Chinese healthy volunteers. Methods In a two-way cross-over study, 24 healthy male volunteers were divided into two groups randomly and a single dose of cefdinir capsules of test and reference preparation were administered orally, respectively.The concentration in plasma was determined by LC-MS/MS. Pharmacokinetic parameters and bioequivalence were calculated and evaluated by DAS. Results The main pharmacokinetic parameters of test and reference were as follows: AUCt (4.35±1.09) μg??h??mL-1 and (4.12±1.22) μg??h??mL-1, AUC0-∞(4.53±1.12) and (4.53±1.73) μg??h??mL-1, t1/2 (1.74±0.29) h and (2.13±1.65) h, tmax(4.44±0.86) h and (4.54 ±1.16) h, Cmax(900±250) ng??mL-1 and (876±269) ng??mL-1 . Conclusion The test and reference preparation of cefdinir capsules are bioequivalent.

Objective:To observe the influence of erythropoietin (EPO)combined adjuvant iron treatment on cardiac function,exercise capacity and anemia in patients with diastolic heart failure (DHF)complicated anemia.Methods:A total of 94 DHF + anemia patients were randomly divided into routine treatment group (n=46)and combined treatment group (n=48,received EPO combined adjuvant iron treatment based on routine treatment).Patients re-ceived 6min walking test,levels of hemoglobin (Hb)and N-terminal pro brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP), transmitral early diastolic peak velocity deceleration time (DT),early diastolic peak flow velocity (E),late diastolic peak flow velocity (A)and E/A etc.were measured and compared between two groups before and after six-month treatment.Results:Compared with before treatment,after treatment,NT-proBNP and DT significantly reduced, E/A and 6min walking distance significantly rose in both groups,P <0.05 or <0.01;compared with routine treat-ment group after treatment,there were significant reductions in NT-proBNP level [(368.4±110.7)pg/ml vs.(239 ±89.7)pg/ml]and DT [(257.5±73.4)ms vs.(208.9±59.1)ms],and significant rise in Hb level [(83.3±9.2) g/L vs.(122.1±13.6)g/L],E/A [(0.87±0.3)vs.(1.07±0.27)]and 6min walking distance [(367.54±21.08) m vs.(438.63±20.35)m]in combined treatment group,P <0.05 all.Conclusion:Erythropoietin combined iron treatment can better improve heart function and exercise capacity in patients with diastolic heart failure complicated anemia.

Objective: To explore change of hemoglobin (Hb) concentration, the relationship between anemia and left ventricular function and the influence of anemia on prognosis in patients with diastolic heart failure (DHF). Methods: According to NYHA classification, a total of 176 DHF patients were divided into class Ⅱ group (n=78), class Ⅲ group (n=50) and class Ⅳ group (n=48), then Hb level and morbidity rate of anemia were analyzed in each group. According to diagnostic standard of anemia, patients were divided into anemia group (n=58, , occupied 33.0%) and non anemia group (n=118, occupied 67.0% ). Left ventricular diastolic function, mortality rate and rehospitalization rate during follow-up were compared and analyzed between two groups. Results: Along with cardiac function class rose (from class Ⅱ to class Ⅳ), Hb level showed a decreasing trend [(130±6) g/L vs. (108±4) g/L vs. (96±12) g/L], while morbidity rate of anemia gradually rose (8.97% vs. 36.0% vs. 68.8%), P<0.05 all in anemia group；Compared with non-anemia group, there were significant rise in percentages of patients with coronary heart disease (55.1% vs. 65.5%), levels of creatinine [(87.6±39.2) μmol/L vs. (113.7±59.8) μmol/L] and N terminal pro B type natriuretic peptide [NT-proBNP, (578.0±136.7) pg/ml vs. (886.0±174.8) pg/ml], and early-diastolic peak velocity deceleration time [(137±15)ms vs. (196±13)ms], and significant reduction in mitral early/late diastolic peak flow velocity [E/A, (0.87±0.32) vs. (0.62±0.29)], P<0.05 all. Compared with non-anemia group, there were significant rise in mortality rate (9.3% vs. 20.7%) and rehospitalization rate (18.6% vs. 32.8%) in anemia group during follow-up, P<0.05 all. Conclusion: DHF patients often complicate with anemia. Along with heart failure aggravates, their morbidity rate of anemia rises, and anemia may aggravate cardiac diastolic dysfunction. Mortality rate and rehospitalization rate rise in DHF patients complicated with anemia.

Objective To detect the expression of transient receptor potential canonical 1 (TRPC1) in a mouse model of ozone-induced lung inflammation and explore its role in lung inflammation. Methods In a mouse model of lung inflammation established by ozone exposure, the expression of TRPC1 in the inflammatory lung tissues was detected by RT-PCR, Wstern blotting and immunohistochemistry. Results Compared to the control mice, the mice exposed to ozone showed significantly increased expression level of TRPC1 mRNA and protein in the inflammatory lung tissues (P<0.05). Immunohistochemistry showed increased TRPC1 protein expressions in the alveolar epithelial cells, bronchial epithelial cells, and inflammatory cells in the inflammatory lung tissues (P<0.05). The mRNA and protein expression levels of TRPC1 were positively correlated with the counts of white blood cells, macrophages, neutrophils and lymphocytes in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid of the exposed mice (P<0.01). Conclusion TRPC1 may play a role in ozone-induced lung inflammation in mice.

Objective To detect the expression of transient receptor potential canonical 1 (TRPC1) in a mouse model of ozone-induced lung inflammation and explore its role in lung inflammation. Methods In a mouse model of lung inflammation established by ozone exposure, the expression of TRPC1 in the inflammatory lung tissues was detected by RT-PCR, Wstern blotting and immunohistochemistry. Results Compared to the control mice, the mice exposed to ozone showed significantly increased expression level of TRPC1 mRNA and protein in the inflammatory lung tissues (P<0.05). Immunohistochemistry showed increased TRPC1 protein expressions in the alveolar epithelial cells, bronchial epithelial cells, and inflammatory cells in the inflammatory lung tissues (P<0.05). The mRNA and protein expression levels of TRPC1 were positively correlated with the counts of white blood cells, macrophages, neutrophils and lymphocytes in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid of the exposed mice (P<0.01). Conclusion TRPC1 may play a role in ozone-induced lung inflammation in mice.