ObjectiveTo determine the resistance of adult Culex quinquefasciatus and Musca domestica to commonly used insecticides in Dazhu District of Chongqing in 2023， and provide scientific evidence for rational use of hygienic insecticides. MethodsDrug resistance was determined by using adult mosquito contact tube method and adult fly drop method. ResultsIn 2023， the 24-hour mortality rate of adult Culex quinquefasciatus in Dazu District， Chongqing， against permethrin （0.25%）， beta-cypermethrin （0.025%）， deltamethrin （0.025%）， malathion （5%） and propoxur （0.1%） was 37.35%， 21.92%， 28.33%， 96.43%， and 95.38%， respectively. The median lethal dose （LD₅₀） value of female adult Musca domestica against beta-cypermethrin （95.8%）， chlorpyrifos （97%）， deltamethrin （90%） and dichlorvos （95%） was 2.572 μg， 0.329 μg， 0.406 μg， and 0.492 μg， respectively， with resistance of 829.68， 7.65， 53.42， and 46.42 folds to the above tested insecticides． ConclusionAdult Culex quinquefasciatus and Musca domestica in Dazu District show various degrees of resistance to commonly used insecticides. It warrants suspending the insecticides with high resistance， whereas mixedly and alternatively administering the insecticides with possible resistance and low resistance. Additionally， we should continue to monitor the resistance and guide the rational use of insecticides.

Japan is one of the main trading partners for the import and export of experimental animals in China,and its quarantine and supervision policies for the import and export of experimental animals are very detailed and strict.This article takes experimental dogs,cats,and monkeys as examples to provide an in-depth analysis of the quarantine and supervision policies for the main experimental animals exported to Japan.At the same time,it reflects on the current laws and regulations,import and export management method,standards,biosafety,breeding and management status,as well as the import and export business status of experimental animals in China.Suggestions are provided in improving the laws and regulations,import and export management method,ensuring national biosafety,improving the management level of experimental animal breeding,and promoting the import and export trade of experimental animals,in order to provide reference for comprehensively improving the production,use,and breeding management level of experimental animals in China and strengthening the trade between China and Japan.

Objective:To establish a xenograft model of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (CSCC) in nude mice, and to explore mechanisms underlying synergistic induction and promotion of CSCC in nude mice by ultraviolet radiation and human papillomavirus (HPV) infection.Methods:The human CSCC A431 cells were divided into 3 groups, namely HPV16 E6 overexpression group (LV-OE-HPV16 E6 group) transfected with adenovirus-mediated HPV16 E6 gene, empty vector group transfected with empty adenovirus vectors, and blank control group remaining untransfected. Using serum-free Dulbecco′s modified Eagle′s medium (DMEM) , A431 cells in the empty vector group and LV-OE-HPV16 E6 group were prepared into single-cell suspensions, which were subcutaneously inoculated into the left buttocks of SKH-1 nude mice separately, namely empty vector group ( n = 16) and LV-OE-HPV16 E6 group ( n = 16) . Tumor growth was observed and recorded for the mice every 3 days. When the tumor size reached 150 mm 3, the modeling was considered successful. After successful modeling, 8 mice in each group were irradiated with ultraviolet light at a dose of 1 440 mJ·cm -2·d -1 for 12 minutes each time, the other 8 mice in each group received no ultraviolet radiation, that is to say, all the 32 mice were divided into 4 groups: empty vector group, empty vector + UV group, LV-OE-HPV16 E6 group, and LV-OE-HPV16 E6 + UV group. After 4-week radiation, these nude mice were sacrificed, tumor weight and volume were measured, a tumor growth curve was drawn, immunohistochemistry study, Western blot analysis and real-time fluorescence-based quantitative PCR (qRT-PCR) were conducted to determine the protein and mRNA expression of Wnt1 and β-catenin in CSCC tissues collected from nude mice, respectively. For normally distributed measurement data, analysis of variance was used for intergroup comparisons, and least significant difference- t test for multiple comparisons; for non-normally distributed measurement data, rank sum test was used for intergroup comparisons. Results:Compared with the empty vector group (2.20 ± 0.24 g) , the tumor weight significantly increased in the empty vector + UV group (2.90 ± 0.36 g, t = 4.39, P < 0.001) , LV-OE-HPV16 E6 group (3.19 ± 0.32 g, t = 6.77, P < 0.001) , and LV-OE-HPV16 E6 + UV group (4.41 ± 0.18 g, t = 20.11, P < 0.001) ; the tumor volume was also significantly higher in the empty vector + UV group (1 033.12 ± 400.15 mm 3, t = 1.90, P < 0.001) , LV-OE-HPV16 E6 group (1 119.21 ± 447.57 mm 3, t = 2.21, P < 0.001) , and LV-OE-HPV16 E6 + UV group (1 464.29 ± 409.98 mm 3, t = 4.22, P < 0.001) than in the empty vector group (688.94 ± 319.31 mm 3) . Immunohistochemical study showed no significant difference in the protein expression of Wnt1 and β-catenin among the 4 groups ( F = 0.76, 0.71, respectively, both P > 0.05) ; Western blot analysis showed significant differences in the protein expression levels of Wnt1 and β-catenin among the 4 groups ( F = 16.74, 49.90, respectively, both P < 0.05) , which were significantly higher in the LV-OE-HPV16 E6 + UV group than in the empty vector group, empty vector + UV group and LV-OE-HPV16 E6 group (all P < 0.05) . qRT-PCR showed a significant difference in the mRNA expression of Wnt1 and β-catenin among the 4 groups ( F = 7.77, 8.38, respectively, both P<0.05) , and the LV-OE-HPV16 E6 + UV group showed significantly increased Wnt1 mRNA expression levels compared with the empty vector group, empty vector + UV group and LV-OE-HPV16 E6 group (all P < 0.05) . Conclusion:Ultraviolet radiation and HPV infection showed synergistic effect on the induction and promotion of CSCC.

Objective:To evaluate the image quality of dual-source computed tomography pulmonary angiography (DE-CTPA) with low-dose contrast agent using the advanced modeled iterative reconstruction (ADMIRE) method with 70 kVp and non-linear blending in overweight patients.Methods:Seventy patients (normal BMI, 35; overweight, 35) with suspected pulmonary embolization who underwent DE-CTPA between October 2018 and March 2019 were included in this study. The imaging protocol included assessments at 70 kV/sn150 kV with 30 ml of contrast agent, and images were obtained at 70 kVp and 150 kVp with and without linear blending. The CT value, SD value, signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), and contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) of pulmonary arteries were compared and analyzed among groups 1 (70 kVp, normal BMI), 2 (non-linear blending, normal BMI), 3 (70 kVp, overweight), and group 4 (non-linear blending, overweight). The radiation dose parameters included CT volume dose index (CTDI vol), dose length product (DLP), and effective dose ( E). Results:The CT values for the pulmonary artery did not show significant differences among the four groups ( P>0.05). The SD value of the segmental artery in group 1 was higher than that in group 4 ( t=2.69, P<0.05). The SNR values of the pulmonary artery trunk and sub-segmental artery in group 2 were higher than those in group 3 ( t=1.44, 5.40, P<0.05), while the corresponding value of the left pulmonary artery trunk in group 2 was higher than those in groups 3 and 4 ( t=1.52, 1.52, P<0.05). The CNR values of the pulmonary artery trunk and sub-segmental artery in group 2 were higher than those in group 3 ( t=1.45, 5.01, P<0.05) and that of the left pulmonary artery trunk in group 2 was higher than those in groups 3 and 4 ( t=1.50, 1.50, P<0.05). The E values for normal BMI and overweight patients were(1.60±0.54)mSv and(1.88±0.45)mSv, respectively. Conclusions:For overweight patients, the CTPA protocol using ADMIRE with a 70 kV/sn150 kV scanning mode could yield diagnostic image quality with significantly lower radiation and contrast material doses.

Objective: To explore the effect of different midwifery methods on the pelvic floor function of parturients and nursing experience. Methods: From January 2018 to December 2018, 200 cases of vaginal delivery in Enze Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Taizhou Hospital were selected as study objects.According to the random number table method, they were divided into non-invasive midwifery group and traditional midwifery group, with 100 cases in each group.The non-invasive midwifery group adopted non-invasive midwifery, while the traditional midwifery group adopted traditional midwifery.The pelvic floor muscle strength, pelvic floor muscle dysfunction and postpartum hemorrhage were observed in the two groups. Results: There was no statistically significant difference in pelvic floor muscle strength between the two groups in grade 0, grade Ⅰ, grade Ⅱ, grade Ⅲ and grade Ⅳ(all P>0.05). The pelvic floor muscle strength of the observation group in grade Ⅴ (45.00%) was higher than that of the control group (31.00%), the difference was statistically significant (χ²=4.160, P<0.05). The incidence of sexual dysfunction (15.00%) and stress urinary incontinence (28.00%) in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group (41.00%, 54.00%) (χ²=16.766, 13.973, all P<0.05). The amount of bleeding 2 hours after delivery in the observation group [(245.93±19.89)mL] was less than that in the control group [(297.42±24.21)mL] (t=16.433, P<0.05). Conclusion Non-invasive midwifery has little effect on the pelvic floor function of parturients, and the incidence rate of sexual dysfunction and stress urinary incontinence is low, and the amount of bleeding is small, which is worthy of clinical reference.

To explore the mechanism for changes in brain microstructure in long-term abstinent from methamphetamine-dependence by using the diffusion tensor imaging (DTI).
 Methods: A total of 26 patients with long-term abstinent methamphetamine-dependence, whose abstinence time more than 14 months, and 26 normal controls all underwent cognitive executive function tests and DTI scans. We used voxel-based analysis to compare the fractional anisotropy (FA) and mean diffusivity (MD) to obtain the abnormal brain regions of DTI parameters between the two groups. Spearman correlation analysis was used to explore the correlation between FA, MD of the brain regions with abnormal parameters and cognitive executive function tests.
 Results: There were no statistical differences in the cognitive executive function tests between the two groups (P>0.05). Compared with the normal control group, the long-term abstinent from methamphetamine-dependence group showed the decreased FA in the right precuneus, right superior frontal gyrus, right calcarine, left inferior temporal gyrus and the increased MD in the right triangular part of inferior frontal gyrus, right precuneus, right posterior cingulate, right middle temporal gyrus, bilateral middle occipital gyrus, left superior parietal lobule, and lobule VIII of cerebellar hemisphere. The MD values of the right middle temporal gyrus in the long-term abstinent group were negatively correlated with the number of completions within 60 seconds (r=-0.504) and within 120 seconds (r=-0.464) .
 Conclusion: The DTI parameters in multiple brain regions from the methamphetamine-dependence patients are still abnormal after a long-term abstinence. DTI can provide imaging evidence for brain microstructural abnormalities in long-term abstinent from methamphetamine-dependence.
Amphetamine-Related Disorders ; Anisotropy ; Brain ; Diffusion Tensor Imaging ; Humans ; Methamphetamine

Objective To evaluate the effect of individualized rehabilitation extended nursing on activities of daily living (ADL) in children with cerebral palsy. Methods A total of 156 cases of non-operative children with severe disorder of cerebral palsy from January to December 2017 in Sichuan 81 Rehabilitation Center, of 101 males and 55 females, aged 2-7 years with weighting 9 to 21 kg, were divided into 2 groups according to the time sequence, of which 70 cases of January to June 2017 before extension nursing as control group and 86 cases of July to December 2017 after extension nursing as observation group. The control group was received routine nursing according to the ADL rating scale, and the observation group was adopted the extended nursing method, according to the ADL rating scale to evaluate and judge the barrier grade, and chosen the suitable measures for rehabilitation nursing according to the individualized principle.The rehabilitation assessment was carried out before extended nursing (W0), the second week after extended nursing (W2), fourth week (W4), sixth week (W6), eighth week (W8), tenth week (W10), and twelfth week (W12) respectively. Results There was no significant difference in gender, age, weight and ADL scores at the time point of W0between the two groups (P>0.05). The ADL scores of the two groups were increased with the treatment time, and the increase of the observation group was greater than that of the control group. Compared with the control group, the ADL scores of the observation group were increased significantly at the time of W4to W12(P<0.01).After 12 weeks of treatment, there were 25 cases of mild disorders (29% ), 46 cases of moderate disorder (53.5% ) and 15 cases of severe disorder (17.5% ) in the observation group, and 3 cases of mild disorders (4.3% ), 38 cases of moderate disorder (54.3% ) and 29 cases of severe disorder (41.4% ) in the control group, and the observation group was obviously better than that of the control group (χ2＝21.083,P＜0.01). Conclusion Individualized rehabilitation extended nursing can improve ADL in children with cerebral palsy.

Klinefelter syndrome(KS) is the most common sex chromosome disorder in males,which is caused by the presence of the extra X chromosome that maybe inherited from mother or father. Approximately 80% karyotype of the cases is 47,XXY. KS is characterized by small firm testes, hypergonadotropic hypogonadism, infertility,gynaecomastia, increased height. However, cognitive disabilities and psychiatric disorders are rarely diagnosed in KS because they lack screening in related aspects. At the present, the pathogenesis of cognitive disabilities and increased risk of psychiatric diseases in KS have not been delineated. In this article,we report two cases of KS,and review their clinical manifestations,diagnosis,and treatments.

Objective To evaluate and compare the effectiveness of propofol-remifentanil closed-loop and open-loop anesthesia in gynecological laparoscopic operation under bispectral index (BIS) monitoring.Methods Forty female patients undergoing elective gynecological laparoscopic operation were recruited and randomly divided into closed-loop (group Ⅰ) and open-loop (group Ⅱ) groups.During anesthesia maintenance,the closed-loop group was administered with a BIS-feedback system to regulate the target effect-site concentration;whereas,the open-loop group was administered the target effect-site concentration according BIS value manually.The variation of non-invasive mean arterial pressure (MAP),heart rate (HR),SpO2,BIS,extubation time,consumption of propofol and remifentanil,Ramsay index,and subjective comfort grade were recorded at the selected time points.Results The extubation time in group Ⅰ was shorter than in group Ⅱ.The total dosage of propofol administered in group Ⅰ was less than that in group Ⅱ,but there was no significant difference in the total consumption of remifentanil.HR in group Ⅰ was steadier than in group Ⅱ.However,the MAP and Ramsay index were similar in both the groups.The subjective comfort grade in group Ⅰ was higher than in group Ⅱ.Conclusion The use of propofol-remifentanil closed-loop system by BIS-feedback anesthesia is safer,more controllable,with higher degree of satisfaction and sparing side-effects,we therefore recommend it during gynecological laparoscopic operations.

Objective To study the risk factors for postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) in gynecological patients administered prophylactic antiemetics.Methods A total of 1 000 gynecological surgical cases were reviewed.Data on patient characteristics,anesthesia,surgeries,and 1st postoperative day nausea and vomiting were collected and analyzed statistically.Results Multivariate logistic regression analysis included a history of motion sickness,the use of an analgesic pump,the duration of anesthesia,and the use of neostigmine.The odds ratios (ORs),in decreasing order,were that of a history of motion sickness [OR =1.953,95％ confidence interval (CI):1.404-2.716],the use of neostigmine (OR =1.831,95％ CI:1.203-2.786),the use of an analgesic pump (OR =1.472,95％ CI:1.017-2.129),and the duration of anesthesia (OR =1.256,95％ CI:1.058-1.492).The predictive model was described by the following equation:P=1/(1+e(1623-0.669X1-0.386X2-0.228X3+0.605X4)).Tne predictive accuracy of this model for the incidence of PONV in gynecological patients was 70.6％,and the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve for the predictive result was 0.642.Conclusion The independent risk factors for PONV in gynecological patients administered prophylactic antiemetics are a history of motion sickness,the use of neostigmine,the use of an analgesic pump,and the duration of anesthesia,in decreasing order of significance.