We previously identified a unique nucleus, the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)-contacting nucleus. This study aims to understand its gene architecture and preliminarily suggest its functions. The results showed that there were about 19,666 genes in this nucleus, of which 913 were distinct from the dorsal raphe nucleus (non-CSF contacting). The top 40 highly-expressed genes are mainly related to energy metabolism, protein synthesis, transport, secretion, and hydrolysis. The main neurotransmitter is 5-HT. The receptors of 5-HT and GABA are abundant. The channels for Cl^-, Na⁺, K⁺, and Ca²⁺ are routinely expressed. The signaling molecules associated with the CaMK, JAK, and MAPK pathways were identified accurately. In particular, the channels of transient receptor potential associated with nociceptors and the solute carrier superfamily members associated with cell membrane transport were significantly expressed. The relationship between the main genes of the nucleus and life activities is preliminarily verified.
Rats ; Animals ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Serotonin/metabolism* ; Signal Transduction ; Cerebrospinal Fluid/metabolism*

Objective:To investigate the risk factors related to urinary tract infection after indwelling ureteral D-J tube in pregnant women with acute renal colic.Methods:Clinical data of 109 pregnant women with acute renal colic undergoing indwelling ureteral D-J tube in emergency department of Taizhou Hospital or Enze Hospital from January 2008 to December 2019 were retrospectively analyzed. There were 31 cases (28.4%) with urinary tract infection after discharge and before delivery (infection group) and 78 cases without infection (non-infected group). Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to evaluate the risk factors of urinary tract infection after ureteral D-J tube insertion.Results:In 109 patients the average age was 28 (25,33) years, the average gestational age was 26 (21,31)weeks, and the average body mass index (BMI) was 24.84 (22.60,27.43) kg/m 2. Compared with the non-infected group, the infection group had a higher rate of positive urine culture [38.7%(12/31) vs. 15.4%(12/78), χ2=6.56, P=0.010] and diabetes [45.2%(14/31) vs. 11.5%(9/78), χ2=13.86, P<0.001], and a lower gestational age [23(20,28) vs.27(21,32) weeks, Mann-Whitney U test, P=0.006]. Multivariate analysis showed that diabetes( OR=7.739,95 %CI:2.579-23.223, P<0.001), positive urine culture( OR=3.249,95 %CI:1.131-9.330, P=0.029), and gestational age( OR=0.201,95 %CI:0.042-0.955, P=0.044) were independent risk factors for urinary tract infection in pregnant women with acute renal colic after ureteral D-J tube insertion. Conclusion:History of diabetes, gestational age, and positive preoperative urine culture are risk factors for urinary tract infection after ureteral D-J tube insertion in pregnant women with acute renal colic.

OBJECTIVE To establish a quantitative analysis method for the quality control components in Tenghuang jiangu capsules， and predict the possible action mechanism of the quality control components. METHODS Seven key quality control components in Tenghuang jiangu capsules were quantitatively analyzed by UHPLC-Q-Orbitrap HRMS. The “component-target” network was constructed based on network pharmacology， and the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes （KEGG） pathway enrichment analysis and gene ontology （GO） function enrichment analysis were further conducted to find the key signaling pathways. RESULTS The average contents of succinic acid， hyperoside， gallic acid， kaempferol， naringin， naringenin and protocatechuic acid in 20 batches of Tenghuang jiangu capsules were 520.92， 67.67， 129.48， 4.74， 397.45， 5.66 and 376.62 μg/g， respectively. The results of network pharmacology showed that the 62 key target genes of the quality control components of the drug included AKT1， TNF， VEGFA， MMP9， PTGS2， etc. They were mainly enriched in cytokine receptor interaction， nuclear factor， tumor necrosis factor， interleukin 17， rheumatoid arthritis， Toll-like receptor and other signal pathways， involving inflammatory reaction， signal transduction， protein phosphorylation and other biological processes， kytoplasm， cell membrane and other cell components， as well as enzyme activity， energy activity and other molecular functions. CONCLUSIONS The established UHPLC- Q-Orbitrap HRMS method can be used for the quantitative analysis of the quality control components of Tenghuang jiangu capsule. Its quality control components may be mapped to inflammatory pathways related to bone diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis and Toll-like receptors through AKT1， TNF， VEGFA and other key targets， so as to play a therapeutic role.

Objective:To explore the protective effect of vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) on the prognosis of rats suffering from cardiac arrest/cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CA/CPR) under different treatment timings.Methods:The method of percutaneous epicardial electrical stimulation was used to establish CA model of rat. Fifty-three male SD rats were randomly (random number) divided into the sham group ( n=5), CPR group ( n=12), PRE group ( n=12), POST5 group ( n=12) and POST30 group ( n=12). The sham group did not experience CA/CPR. VNS treatment was started at 30 min before CA (PRE group, n=12), 5 min after recovery of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) (POST5 group, n=12), and 30 min after ROSC (POST30 group, n=12) in different VNS-treated group, respectively. The electrical stimulation was applied to the vagus nerve for 30 min with a unified parameter. The neurological deficit scores at 24, 48, and 72 h after ROSC were recorded, and the survival rate in each group was observed. TUNEL staining was used to detect the apoptosis of cortical area and the expression of α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (α7nAChR) in brain tissue was measured by immunofluorescence at 72 h after ROSC. Variables were compared with one-way analysis of variance, and survival for Kaplan-Meier curves were tested with the log-rank test. A P value less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results:Compared with the CPR group (survival rate 33.33%), both pre-treatment (survival rate 75%) and post-treatment of VNS (POST5 group survival rate 75% and POST30 group survival rate 83.33%) significantly improved the 72 h survival rate after CPR ( P<0.05), mitigated neurological deficits after ROSC, reduced the positive rate of apoptosis neurons, and up-regulated the expression of α7nAChR in cerebral cortex. There was no significant difference among the VNS-treated groups (all P>0.05). Conclusions:Both pre-treatment and post-treatment of VNS can play a protective role in rats after CA/CPR, which may be related to the activation of α7nAChR-mediated anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptosis effects.

Objective:To investigate the possible mechanism of ultrasound therapy in the rat model of sepsis.Methods:Seventy-eight male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into Sham group ( n = 12), septic model group ( n = 22), ultrasound treatment group ( n = 22), methyllycaconitine citrate (MLA) combined with ultrasound treatment group ( n = 22). In the Sham group, only the abdomen was opened, the cecum was found to be free, without cecal ligation and puncture (CLP). In the septic model group, CLP was used to replicate the septic rat model. After operation, each group of rats were subcutaneously injected with preheated 37 ℃ normal saline. The rats in the ultrasound treatment group were treated with ultrasound [Philips IU22 L9-3 ultrasound instrument and 9 MHz probe were used to break the sequence in the spleen area once every 6 seconds, with 1 second for each time, the mechanical index (MI) was 0.72, and the treatment time was 10 minutes]. In the MLA combined with ultrasound treatment group, α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (α7nAChR) specific blocker MLA 4 mg/kg was injected intraperitoneally 30 minutes before operation, and ultrasound treatment was performed 2 hours after operation. The levels of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin (IL-1β, IL-6) in serum of each group were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) at 24 hours after operation. The 10-day survival rate of each group was recorded, and the symptoms of each group were evaluated by clinical disease score (CDS). The histopathological changes of lung and colon were observed under light microscope. Results:Compared with the Sham group, the 10-day survival rate of rats in the septic model group was decreased significantly [40% (4/10) vs. 100% (6/6)], the CDS was (10.73±2.19 vs. 6.17±0.58) and the levels of TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β were increased significantly at 24 hours after operation [TNF-α (ng/L): 42.00±8.92 vs. 13.16±3.19, IL-6 (ng/L): 129.37±25.04 vs. 63.99±12.92, IL-1β(ng/L): 254.98±67.27 vs. 76.83±25.39, all P < 0.01]. Compared with the septic model group, the survival rate in the ultrasound treatment group was improved [70% (7/10) vs. 40% (4/10)], but there was no significant difference ( P > 0.05). The CDS (7.64±2.68 vs. 10.73±2.19) and the expressions of TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β were significantly reduced at 24 hours after operation [TNF-α(ng/L): 16.93±6.02 vs. 42.00±8.92, IL-6 (ng/L): 73.65±24.38 vs. 129.37±25.04, IL-1β(ng/L): 111.86±14.08 vs. 254.98±67.27, all P < 0.01]. Compared with the ultrasound treatment group, the survival rate in the MLA combined with ultrasound treatment group was reduced [60% (6/10) vs. 70% (7/10)], but the difference was not statistically significant ( P > 0.05). CDS was significantly increased (9.55±2.72 vs. 7.64±2.68), and the levels of TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-1β were significantly increased at 24 hours after operation [TNF-α(ng/L): 34.61±7.89 vs. 16.93±6.02, IL-6 (ng/L): 112.92±10.42 vs. 73.65±24.38, IL-1β(ng/L): 212.57±32.16 vs. 111.86±14.08, all P < 0.01]. Microscopically, in the septic model group, the alveolar septum was thickened, a large number of inflammatory cells infiltrated, normal pulmonary reticular structure disappeared, and pulmonary interstitium showed obvious hemorrhage and edema, meanwhile, the structure of colonic villi was obviously abnormal, with cells were edema and inflammatory cell infiltration, and the arrangement was disordered, so that the subepithelial space and the top of it fell off. After ultrasound treatment, the thickness of the alveolar interval in rats was similar to that in Sham group, without obvious inflammatory cell infiltration, and the pulmonary reticular structure was relatively intact. At the same time, the morphology of colonic villi was basically normal and orderly, the edema of cell was not obvious, and subcutaneous space and tip fall off were not obvious. After being antagonized by MLA, the rat lung tissue showed thickened alveolar septum, inflammatory cell infiltration, incomplete pulmonary network structure, hemorrhage and edema in the interstitium. The villi structure of the colon was faintly visible, with obvious cell edema and inflammatory cell infiltration, and the arrangement was abnormal. Conclusion:Ultrasound treatment improves the prognosis of septic rats, MLA can reverse the anti-inflammatory effect of ultrasound therapy by antagonizing α7nAChR, suggesting that the protective mechanism of ultrasound in sepsis may be related to activating the cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway mediated by α7nAChR.

Objective To investigate the effects of precautionary rescue nursing intervention on the nursing quality score and efficacy of rescue for neonates with hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy. Methods One hundred children with neonatal hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy admitted to the First Hospital of Hebei Medical University from January 2017 to December 2018 were enrolled. Fifty children from January to December 2017 were assigned in the routine rescue nursing group; and 50 children from January to December 2018 were in the precautionary rescue nursing group. The routine rescue nursing group received routine rescue nursing; and the precautionary rescue nursing group was given pre-planned rescue nursing intervention. The rescue success rate, rescue time, Apgar score within rescue for 5 minutes, poor prognosis, etc. were recorded in both groups; the infant intelligence development scale was used to evaluate the situation of children's development of IQ in 6 months; a self-made questionnaire was used to investigate the rate of satisfaction in 100 children family guardians; the hospital's self-made Nursing Quality Assessment Form was applied to assess the quality of care of nursing staff. Results The rescue successful rate and the 5-minute Apgar score of the precautionary rescue nursing group were significantly higher than those of the routine rescue nursing group [rescue success rate: 98.0% (49/50) vs. 72.0% (36/50), Apgar score: 8.43±1.28 vs. 5.74±1.39], and the rescue time and poor prognosis rate were significantly lower than those in the routine rescue nursing group [rescue time (minutes):3.18±1.20 vs. 6.78±2.23, poor prognosis rate: 2.0% (1/50) vs. 14.0% (7/50), both P < 0.05]. The 6-month intelligence index and psychomotor index in the precautionary rescue nursing group were significantly higher than those in the routine rescue nursing group (intelligence index scores: 96.43±5.85 vs. 85.40±8.90, psychomotor index scores:97.38±4.03 vs. 78.43±10.22, both P < 0.05). The satisfaction rate in precautionary rescue nursing group was obviously higher than that in the routine rescue nursing group [92.0% (46/50) vs. 76.0% (38/50), P < 0.05]; the rescue technology, rescue efficiency, rescue effect, humanistic care score in precautionary rescue nursing group were significantly higher than those in the routine rescue nursing group (8.12±0.89 vs. 2.74±1.02, 8.23±1.24 vs. 3.01±0.83, 7.80±1.33 vs. 3.44±1.25, 8.03±1.32 vs. 3.29±1.38, respectively all P < 0.05). Conclusion The precautionary rescue nursing intervention used for neonates with hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy can significantly improve the rescue effect, degree of satisfaction to nursing and the quality of nursing care, so that it is worthy to be applied clinically.

Objective To establish the cardiac arrest (CA) model in rats by modified transcutaneous electrical stimulation on epicardium. Methods This study was performed in the Emergency Medicine laboratory in Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology. After 10 Sprague-Dawley male rats weighing 330-380 g were anesthetized, two acupuncture needles connected to the anode and cathode of a stimulator were transcutaneously inserted into the epicardium as electrodes. The puncture points were located quantitatively according to the anatomical structure of the rat chest. The electrical stimulation was maintained for 3 minutes to induce ventricular fibrillation(VF). Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) included chest compressions, intravenous adrenaline and defi brillation operated at 6 min after a period of nonintervention. Results CA was induced after the implement of the effective electrical stimulation in all ten rats in this experiment. The average current intensity to induce VF was (1.80 ± 0.59) mA, the average time to induce CA was (5.07 ± 2.37)s,the average time of the total electrical stimulation was(187.50 ± 12.75)s and the total time of CA was 6 min. At the end of the electrical stimulation, 9 rats presented VF and 1 rat showed pulseless electrical activity. The restoration of spontaneous circulation was achieved in all 10 rats. The average time of CPR was(190.90±68.60) s, the mean numbers of defi brillation were(1.20 ± 0.63) , and he average number of adrenaline application were (1.20 ± 0.42) times. Neither visible hemorrhage on epicardium nor gross pulmonary congestion was observed. Conclusions The modified transcutaneous electrical stimulation on epicardium to produce CA model in rats is an easily applicable and effective technique. This model may provide an alternative for experimental research of CPR.

Objective To evaluate the role of spinal histone acetylation in persistent postoperative pain in rats. Methods Pathogen?free healthy male Sprague?Dawley rats, weighing 200-250 g, aged 2 months, in which intrathecal catheters were implanted at the lumbar level according to an improved method, were used in the study. Eighty?four rats, in which intrathecal catheters were successfully implanted, were divided intoⅠ-Ⅵgroups(n=14 each)using a random number table. Artificial cerebrospinal fluid 20 μl was intrathecally administered at 1, 2, 3 and 4 days before operation and 1 day after operation inⅠandⅣgroups. At 1, 2, 3 and 4 days before operation and 1 day after operation, dimethyl sulfoxide 10 μl and SAHA(50 μg∕10μl)were intrathecally injected inⅡandⅤgroups and inⅢandⅥgroups, respective?ly, followed by artificial cerebrospinal fluid(10 μl)flush after each injection. Rats underwent sham oper?ation inⅠ?Ⅲ groups. Persistent postoperative pain was evoked by skin∕muscle incision and traction in Ⅳ?Ⅵ groups. The mechanical paw withdrawal threshold(MWT)was measured at 1 day before operation(T0)and 1, 3, 7, 14 and 21 days after operation(T1?5). Four rats were sacrificed in each group after measurement of MWT at T4, and the lumbar segments(L4?6)of the spinal cord were removed for determi?nation of the expression of acetylated histone H3(Ac?H3)and Ac?H4 by Western blot. Results There was no significant difference in each index amongⅠ?Ⅲ groups(P>0.05). Compared with group Ⅰ, the MWT was significantly decreased at T2?5, and the expression of Ac?H3 and Ac?H4 was down?regulated at T4 in group Ⅳ(P<0.05). Compared with group Ⅳ, the MWT was significantly increased at T2?5, and the expression of Ac?H3 and Ac?H4 was up?regulated at T4in group Ⅵ(P<0.05). Conclusion Histone acetylation is involved in the development and maintenance of persistent postoperative pain in rats.

Objective To study the application effect of systematic emergency nursing process in treatment of neonatal hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy (HIE). Methods One hundred and four neonates with HIE who were treated in the First Hospital of Hebei Medical University from January 2016 to January 2018 were selected as the subjects of this study, and they were divided into a control group and a study group according to different nursing care process, with 52 cases in each group. The infants in the control group were resuscitated according to conventional traditional first aid measures, while the infants in the study group received systematic emergency nursing care process on the basis of routine first aid (including the preparation of early rescue drugs and equipment; warmth kept in the whole course, the room temperature controlled in 30 - 32 ℃; rapid assessment of maternal delivery methods and procedures, delivery of the newborn and assessment of babies general conditions; performance of preliminary resuscitation for neonate, tracheal intubation for mechanical ventilation, and external chest compression if necessary; close monitor of the vital signs of newborn; symptomatic treatment; reassessment of the baby's disease condition). The successful rescue rate, total rescue time, hospitalization time, neonatal Apgar score and quality of nursing care before and after resuscitation were compared between the two groups. Results The successful rescue rate of the study group was higher than that of the control group [96.2% (50/52) vs. 82.7% (43/52), P < 0.05], and the total rescue time (minutes: 8.9±2.1 vs. 12.4±3.2) and hospitalization time (days: 8.1±2.2 vs. 11.4±2.9) in study group were shorter than those in control group, all the differences being statistically significant (all P < 0.05). After resuscitation for 5 minutes, the Apgar scores of the newborns in the two groups were higher than those before the resuscitation (study group: 8.3±1.1 vs. 2.2±0.7, control group: 6.7±2.0 vs. 2.1±0.9), and after resuscitation for 5 minutes, the Apgar score of the study group was higher than that of the control group (8.3±1.1 vs. 6.7±2.0), the difference being statistical significant (P < 0.05). The scores of rescue technique (5.0±2.9 vs. 2.7±0.6), humanistic care (5.6±2.1 vs. 2.8±0.9), rescue efficiency (5.3±1.2 vs. 3.0±0.6), and rescue effect (5.7±1.3 vs. 2.9±0.8) in the study group were all higher than those in the control group (all P < 0.05). Conclusion The systematic emergency nursing care process can effectively elevate the successful rescue rate of neonates with HIE, shorten the total rescue time and hospitalization time, enhance the rescue effect, and improve the quality of nursing care, thus it is worthy to be widely applied clinically.

Objective To analyze the composition of urinary stones in Taizhou of Zhejiang province.Methods Clinical data of 1 022 patients with urinary stones admitted in Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang province were retrospectively reviewed.The samples of urinary stones were collected and analyzed by infrared spectrophotometry.Results There were 722 males and 300 females with a male to female ratio of 2.4:1 and with a mean age of (53.4±13.6) years (14-88 years).Among 1 022 patients,the stones with single composition were found in 299 cases (29.3%);the most common single-component was anhydrous uric acid (15.9%),followed by calcium oxalate monohydrate (12.0%).The mixed stones were found in 723 cases (70.7%);the most common mixture was calcium oxalate monohydrate,calcium oxalate dehydrate and carbonate apatite mixture (316 cases,30.9%).Calcium oxalate (58.9%,602/1 022) was the most common major component and frequently seen in upper urinary tract stones,followed by uric acid (21.8%,223/1 022).Uric acid calculi was predominant component in male patients(χ2=30.97,P=0.00),while the rate of infection stones was higher in women (χ2=60.69,P=0.00).The mean age of patients with uric acid stones was 59.4 years,which was older than that with other components (t=7.62,P=0.00).The uric acid stones were more common in upper urinary tract stones(χ2=42.97,P=0.00).The mean age of patients with infection stones was 49 years,which was younger than that with other types of stones(t=4.87,P=0.00).Conclusion Mixed stones with calcium oxalate monohydrate,calcium oxalate dehydrate and carbonate apatite are the predominant urinary stones in Taizhou of Zhejiang province,while the most common single-component stones are anhydrous uric acid stones.Location,age and sex are associated with the types of urinary stones.