Objective:To investigate the clinical application of multi-oil fat emulsion (SMOF) in preterm infants with necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC).Methods:Preterm infants with NEC admitted to the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit in our hospital between January 2017 and December 2022 were retrospectively included. According to the type of fat emulsion used, they were divided into SMOF group and medium and long chain triglycerides (MCT/LCT) group. The data of two groups were compared and analyzed.Results:A total of 69 preterm infants were included, 34 in the SMOF group and 35 in the MCT/LCT group. There were no significant differences between the two groups in the levels of total bilirubin, indirect bilirubin, direct bilirubin, bile acid and γ-glutamyl transferase ( P>0.05). There were no significant differences between the two groups in triglyceride, low density lipoprotein and total cholesterol ( P>0.05). There were no significant differences between the two groups in the C reactive protein level, procalcitonin level, and the time to normal C reactive protein ( P>0.05). There were no significant differences in incidence of complications between the two groups, including parenteral nutrition-related cholestasis, bronchopulmonary dysplasia, retinopathy of prematurity, and brain injury ( P>0.05). Conclusions:Compared with MCT/LCT, the application of SMOF did not show significant effect on liver function, inflammation, or incidence of complications (parenteral nutrition-related cholestasis, bronchopulmonary dysplasia and retinopathy of prematurity) in preterm infants with NEC. Multi-center studies with larger sample size are needed for further investigation.

This paper presents a three-dimensional electronic laparoscopy system, including three-dimensional laparoscope pipe and medical video system. The three-dimensional laparoscope pipe adopts a dual-optical structure, which can collect three-dimensional information of the surgical region. By selecting a reasonable initial structure, the MTF curve of the objective lens is close to the diffraction limit, and the distortion is less than 25%. The medical video system also achieved high-definition image with 1 080 P, 30 Hz by GPU. At the mean time, the three-dimensional electronic laparoscope has achieved quantitative production and has been tested in a number of animals, which has broad application prospects and significant clinical application value.
Electronics, Medical ; Imaging, Three-Dimensional ; Laparoscopes ; Laparoscopy

Objective To establish a method of analyzing total uranium and 235U/238U ratio in urine using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) and uncertainty assessment.Methods Urine sample was digested with HNO3 and H2O2,and total uranium was determined using ICP-MS method directly.The digested urine sample was separated to concentrate uranium with tributyl phosphate (TBP) column,and 235U/238U ratio was analyzed using ICP-MS.The uncertainty was evaluated through sample pre-treatment,measurement and standard curve calculation.Results The recovery of total uranium in urine was 98.4％-102.4％,detection limit was 0.002 μg/L.The relative expanded uncertainty of total uranium concentration in urine was 0.26 (k =2).235 U/238 U ratio was 0.001 1 (k =2).Conclusions This study offers a low detection limit,good recovery and precision method for rapid determination of total uranium and 235U/238 U ratio in urine samples.It is potential used for both in occupational exposure assessment and nuclear emergency situation.The uncertainty evaluation of total uranium and 235U/238U ratio in urine are reliable.

Objective To investigate the activity concentration of 90St in tea produced in Chinese typical regions,enrich the baseline data for 90Sr level in Chinese tea,and evaluate possible exposure doses to people.Methods Samples were carbonized,ashed,digested and leached,and then extraction chromatography method was used to separate 90Sr and 90y.After preparation of sample source,radioactivity of 90Y was measured using low-level α/β counter.Results Twenty six kinds of tea produced in 16 typical regions from 26 cities of 16 provinces were collected in 2016,and their 90Sr activity concentrations were analyzed using the separation method of di (2-ethylhexyl) phosphate (HDEHP) extraction chromatography.The results revealed that the activity concentrations in 26 kinds of tea samples ranged from 0.28 to 3.78 Bq/kg,and contributed possible exposure doses of 0.44 × 10-2-6.00 × 10-2 μSv to each people.Conclusions These doses were far less than the ICRP annual dose limit of 1 mSv for the public,suggesting less impact on people's health.

Objective To establish an effective and reliable method for analysis of uhratrace uranium in multi-stage atmospheric particles providing the monitoring and evaluation of the content of radioactive uranium in the atmosphere.Methods A large volume six-stage-impactor sampler of atmosphere particles was used to collect aerosol samples,and uhratrace uranium in particles was digested using microwave and measured by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry.The filter material,digestion conditions and microwave digestion system had been optimized.Results The background of uranium level on the cellulose filter was the lowest,and the samples were digested by using HNO3-HCI (aqua regia)-H2O2 solution.Reference material SRM2783 was used to validate the accuracy of the method,and the relative error of the 238U was 7％,The detection limit of the method was 2 × 10-4ng/m3.The aerosol actual samples were analyzed using the established method.The mass concentrations of uranium in PM2.5 was in the range of 0.023-0.065 ng/m3.Conclusions The established method was effective and reliable to monitor the concentration level of ultratrace uranium in multi-stage atmospheric particles.

OBJECTIVE: To observe the in vivo metabolism and distribution characteristics of nano-cerium oxide( nanoCeO_2) in rats,and to explore the radio-protective effect of nano-CeO_2. METHODS: i) A total of 18 specific pathogen free( SPF) SD rats were randomly divided into 3 groups. Rats of experiment group and CeO_2 blood group were gavaged with1. 0 g/kg body weight( bw) nano-CeO_2 suspension. Rats of control group were gavaged with double distilled water( DDW)in equal volume. At different time-points after treatment,venous blood was collected from the rats' eye socket in CeO_2 blood group,meanwhile urine and excrement of rats of experiment group were also collected. Organ and tissue samples of experiment group and control group were collected 24. 0 hours after treatment. The concentrations of cerium in biological samples were detected by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. ii) A total of 72 SPF BALB/c mice were randomly divided into 6 groups. Mice of low-,medium-and high-dose groups were gavaged with 100,300 and 900 mg/kg bw nano-CeO_2 suspension respectively. Mice of negative control group,irradiation control group and drug positive control group were gavaged with DDW in equal volume once daily. After 14 days,mice of the other 5 groups were exposed by60Coγ-rays once with 3. 5 Gy( 1 Gy/min) except the negative control group. Mice of drug positive control group were given intraperitoneal injection with 200 mg/kg bw amifostine half an hour before irradiation. After exposure,mice were treated by the above gavages once daily. After 3 and 8 days,6 mice were randomly selected to collect the peripheral blood for the count of white blood cell( WBC) and lymph cell measuring. RESULTS: i) The cerium concentration in blood reached peak value in 4. 0 hours after exposure of nano-CeO_2,and the cerium concentration of urine and excrement reached maximum in8. 0 hours after exposure. After 24. 0 hours of exposure,the cerium concentration of brain in experiment group was higher than that of control group( P < 0. 05). Among the experiment group,the cerium concentrations of sternum,duodenum and brain were higher than that of kidney and heart( P < 0. 05),meanwhile the cerium concentrations of thymus and lung were higher than that of kidney( P < 0. 05). ii) There was no statistical difference in interactive effect of WBC count and lymph cell counts between nano-CeO_2 exposure ways and time( P > 0. 05). The WBC counts of the low-and medium-dose groups were lower than those of the negative control group and the drug positive control group( P < 0. 05). The WBC count of high-dose group was lower than those of irradiation control group,drug positive control group and medium-dose group( P <0. 05). The lymph cell counts of the 3 dose groups were lower than that of drug positive control group( P < 0. 05).CONCLUSION: The nano-CeO_2 is mainly cumulated in organs such as sternum,duodenum,brain,thymus and lung. After induced by radiation,nano-CeO_2 has a certain degree of promotion role in increasing the WBC counts.

Objective To develop a rapid and reliable method for determination of 210Po using large-area grid ionization chamber α spectrometry.Methods Samples were digested using a microwave digestion system.After preparation of sample source,the concentration of 210Po in clam was detected by large-area grid ionization chamber (φ 25 cm).209Po tracer was used to obtain the recovery.Results Large-area grid ionization chamber could achieve better counting and α spectrum resolution when the optimized thickness was 250 μg/cm2.By spiking 209Po tracer in clam,the minimum detectable activity was 9.870 × 10 4 Bq and the recovery of 210Po was 98％.Conclusions Compared with the traditional method,the developed method can avoid separation process,using less quantity of sample (0.2-0.5 g dry) and simplify the measurement process.This method may be has broad application prospects.

Objective To develop the method of analyzing α-radionuclides using large area grid ionization chamber.Methods Ultrasonic dispersion and vacuum drying system was used to prepare sample source,large standard thin source and plutonium plane source were used to optimize the working condition of spectrometer,and calibrate the instrument for analyzing α emitters.The certified reference materials (GBW04127) were used to verify the accuracy of the method.Results The non-linearity of calibration curve for standard thin sources of neptunium,plutonium and americium was less than 0.2％,and the resolution were 112,84 and 106 keV,respectively.The counting efficiency was 31.2％ for the large standard thin source.The values of specific activity measured in this way were in good agreement with those of the certified reference materials.232Th,238U,230Th,234U/226Ra,210Po,222Rn and 218Po were analyzed in a uranium mineral sample,and their specific radioactivity values were 5.3,3.8,35.6,21.4,27.0,19.6 and 11.1 Bq/g,respectively.Conclusions The method can be used to analyze α spectrum quickly in low-level radioactive environmental samples.

Objective To evaluate the efficacy of ultrasound-guided sacral block in the obese patients by comparing it with the traditional positioning method.Methods Sixty obese patients,aged 25-50 yr,weighing 56-80 kg,with body mass index ≥ 30 kg/m2,scheduled for elective anorectal surgery,were randomly divided into 2 groups (n =30 each) using a random number table:ultrasound-guided sacral block group (group U) and traditional positioning method group (group T).The sacral canal puncture point was located via either ultrasonic or traditional positioning method.After successful puncture,1％ lidocaine 20 ml was injected.The number of patients in whom puncture was successful at first attempt and the number of patients in whom the time for puncture ≤ 1 min were recorded.The adverse reactions were observed.The efficacy of sacral block was evaluated.Results Compared with group T,the success rate of puncture at first attempt was significantly increased (P ＜ 0.05),and no significant changes were found in the number of patients in whom the time for puncture ≤ 1 min or efffcacy of sacral block in group U (P ＞ 0.05).No adverse reactions were found in the two groups.Conclusion Ultrasound-guided sacral block can raise the success rate of puncture at first attempt and provide similar efficacy of block in the obese patients when compared with the traditional positioning method,and thus has significant clinical value.

Objective To ascertain the uranium isotopic ratios in surface water samples around nuclear power plants.Methods Water samples were collected in Jiangsu,Shandong and Zhejiang provinces.An efficient separation procedure for the trace uranium concentrated from surface water by tributyl phosphate (TBP) was used.Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) was applied to determination of low abundance uranium isotopes.Results The 234 U/238 U isotope ratio varied from 4.575 × 10-5to 7.752 × 10-5 and 235U/238U from 7.273 × 10-3 to 7.639 × 10-3.Conclusions The 234U is enriched in the surface water.