To summarize the clinical experience of Professor LIU Jinmin in treatment for epilepsy. It is believed that main pathogenesis of epilepsy is yangming failure to close and vital activity loss control， so a therapeutic approach focused on restoring the closure of yangming and regaining vital activity was proposed for the treatment of epilepsy. For excess syndrome， the treatment focuses on draining excess and descending qi， promoting purgation and restoring spirit. When yangming dryness-heat predominates， the approach involves unblock the bowels and regulating the spirit， descending qi and reducing fire， with modified Chengqi Decoction （承气汤） as prescription； when yangming phlegm-fire predominates， the treatment focuses on clearing heat and resolving phlegm， calming mind and suppressing fright， with modified Qingxin Wendan Decoction （清心温胆汤） as prescription； when yangming blood stasis predominates， the approach involves breaking up blood stasis and promoting purgation， eliminating stasis and awakening the mind， with Taoren Chengqi Decoction （桃核承气汤） as prescription. For deficiency syndrome， the treatment emphasizes tonifying deficiency and raising qi， strengthening the stomach and nourishing the spirit. When center qi deficiency and sinking of clear qi of the nutrients from food， the approach involves replenishing and uplifting qi while nourishing vital activity， with modified Liujunzi Decoction （六君子汤） as prescription； when yin deficiency and fluid consumption， the treatment focuses on nourishing stomach and tonifying yin， promoting fluid production and calming the spirit， with modified Maimendong Decoction （麦门冬汤） combined with Yiwei Decoction （益胃汤） as prescriptions. In clinical situations of deficiency-excess complex， it is essential to distinguish the primary condition from the secondary， applying both supplementing and draining methods flexibly to achieve optimal treatment.

Objective To investigate the role of complement C3 in early predicting pregnancy outcomes of frozen-thawed embryo transfer(F-ET).Methods A total of 378 F-ET cycles were prospectively collected and divided into group A(complement C3≤1.05,120 cycles)and group B(complement C3>1.05,258 cycles)based on the best cutoff value of complement C3 for predicting F-ET pregnancy outcomes.The outcomes of the two groups were compared,and the best cutoff value of complement C3 for predicting F-ET spontaneous abortion was analyzed in group B.Results Age was a risk factor for successful F-ET pregnancy(P<0.05),and complement C3 and embryo type were protective factors for successful F-ET pregnancy(P<0.05).The area under the receiver-operating characteristic curve(ROC)of complement C3 for predicting F-ET pregnancy outcome was 0.702,and the best cutoff value was 1.05 g/L,with a clinical pregnancy sensitivity of 87.60%and a specificity of 52.00%.The clinical pregnancy rate and embryo implantation rate in group B were both significantly higher than those in group A(67.05%vs.52.75%,P<0.05).The best cutoff value of complement C3 for predicting spontaneous abortion after F-ET was 1.32 g/L,with an area under the ROC curve of 0.760,a sensitivity of 69.00%,and a specificity of 81.20%.Conclusions Complement C3 is of significance in the early prediction of F-ET pregnancy outcome.When complement C3 exceeds the level of 1.32 g/L,it may lead to an increase in the rate of spontaneous abortion.

Objective To review the characteristics of animal models of sequelae of pelvic inflammatory disease(SPID)to provide a reference for standardizing the modeling process and improving the modeling rate.Methods Literature relevant to animal models of SPID from the past 40 years was searched,and animal species,modeling method,modeling cycles,modeling substances,positive control drugs,and evaluation indexes were summarized and analyzed.Results A total of 243 study manuscripts were included,most of which induced the SPID model in rats via the phenol paste or microbial infection method.The modeling cycles were typically between 14 and 16 days,and the success of the models was mostly determined by pelvic tissue morphology observation and pathological HE staining.Few research reports have focused on the traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)disease combination model.Conclusions No consistent criteria have been established for SPID animal model modeling,and thus it is recommended that researchers evaluate changes to animal behavior,pelvic histomorphology,and pathology.TCM syndrome modeling lacks effective method and evaluation standards,which need further research and development.Finally,the selection and use of positive-control drugs need to be further explored and perfected.

【Objective】 To observe the regulation of autonomic nerves in blood donors during blood donation by heart rate variability analysis and explore the possible mechanism of donation related vasovagal reaction. 【Methods】 Electrocardiogram (ECG) of 90 blood donors was monitored by Fontaine Ⅰlead during the whole process of blood donation, and the 5-min heart rate variation before, during and after blood donation was analyzed. 【Results】 During the whole process of blood donation, the sympathetic HRV index (LF nu) and the sympathetic and vagal balance ability index (LF/HF) increased, whereas the vagal nerve index (pNN50, RMSSD, HFnu) and heart rate variability index (SDNN, Total power) decreased. For baseline heart rate variability of different blood donors (first-time vs. repeated, male vs. female, 18-24 years old vs. ≥25 years old, <400 mL vs. 400 mL) before blood donation, the pNN50, RMSSD and Total power of 18-24 years old blood donors were higher, but other indicators showed no significant difference. There were differences in HRV indexes of different types of blood donors during blood donation compared with before blood donation. The decrease of pNN50 and HFnu and the increase of LF/HF were larger in experienced blood donors than in first-time blood donors. The decrease of RMSSD was larger in male blood donors than in female blood donors; the change of LF/HF was larger in blood donors aged≥25 years than in blood donors aged 18-24 years; other indicators had no significant difference. 【Conclusion】 Blood donation leads to reflex readjustment of the cardiac autonomic tone: the sympathetic nerve is excited while the vagal nerve is suppressed. The cardiac autonomic nerve function of first-time blood donors, female donors and low-age (18-24 years old) donors to blood donation stress is not fully regulated. Donation related vasovagal reaction may be related to the autonomic nerve regulation function of blood donors.

Objective:To investigate the diagnostic value of peripheral blood systemic immune inflammatory in-dex(SII)in histological chorioamnionitis(HCA)and the predictive value of adverse pregnancy outcomes.Meth-ods:A total of 138 pregnant women with suspected HCA were included from January 2021 to June 2022 in Peo-ple's Hospital of Zhengzhou as the research objects.According to the results of placental pathology examination,they were divided into non-HCA group(66 cases)and HCA group(72 cases).The general clinical data,laboratory indicators and adverse outcome indicators of the two groups were compared,and the relationship between the a-bove indicators and HCA was analyzed by multivariate Logistic regression.ROC curve was used to analyze the predictive value of SII for HCA and adverse pregnancy outcomes.Results:①Logistic regression analysis showed that increased neutrophil percentage(Neut％)and SII could increase the risk of HCA(OR＞1,P＜0.05),and in-creased lymphocyte percentage(Lym％)was beneficial for reducing the risk of HCA(OR＜1,P＜0.05).②ROC curve analysis showed that the area under the curve(AUC)of Neut％and Lym％for diagnosing HCA were 0.628 and 0.638,respectively,while the AUC of SII was higher(0.722),and the diagnostic threshold of SII was 974.49 ×109/L.③The rates of postpartum hemorrhage,neonatal infection and premature delivery in high SII group(SII＞974.49 ×103/L)were higher than those in low SII group(SII ≤974.49 ×109/L),and the difference was statistically significant(P＜0.05).The value of SII in predicting postpartum hemorrhage(AUC 0.708)and neonatal infection(AUC 0.848)were higher than that in preterm birth(AUC 0.637).Conclusions:Abnormal Neut％and Lym％levels increase the risk of HCA to some extent,but the diagnostic value of HCA is average.Peripheral blood SII has high diagnostic value in HCA,and has good predictive value for postpartum hemorrhage and neonatal infection,which is expected to be a new indicator for prenatal diagnosis and prognosis prediction of adverse pregnancy outcomes in HCA.

【Objective】 To explore the optimal sampling scheme for functional indexes of blood components, so as to ensure the accuracy of sampling. 【Methods】 The operation characteristic curves of 5 sampling schemes as (4, 1), (6, 1), (8, 2), (10, 2) and (12, 3) were drawn based on the characteristic curve theory of sampling inspection, the discriminability of those 5 sampling schemes was compared, and the risk of misjudgment and omission of sampling schemes was analyzed. 【Results】 The discriminability of 5 sampling schemes from high to low were (10, 2), (6, 1), (12, 3), (8, 2) and (4, 1), ; the operation characteristic curves of scheme (10, 2) were in basic concordance with (6, 1), (12, 3) and (8, 2) as the percent defective was <0.25. The risk of misjudgment of the 5 sampling schemes was low, and the risk of omission was high in scheme (4, 1)(0.738, 3), and low in (10, 2) and (6, 1) (0.525 6 and 0.533 9, respectively). 【Conclusion】 On the premise of strictly controlling the process of blood collection and supply and ensuring the quality of blood preparations, the sampling scheme (4, 1) can effectively monitor the stability of the whole process. However, for blood preparations with high nonconforming rate, sampling scheme (6, 1) or (10, 2) was recommended as the sampling amount should be elevated appropriately.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of corticosteroids therapy on the inflammatory response in a critically ill coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patient. METHODS: A 55-year old female patient with critical ill COVID-19 was admitted in Taizhou Hospital on January 19, 2020. The patient was treated with methylprednisolone 80 mg on the 2nd day after admission. Thereafter, the dose was adjusted in a timely manner and the therapy lasted for 13 days. The peripheral lymphocyte subsets (CD3T, CD4 T, CD8 T, NK cells, B cells), as well as serum levels of lymphocyte factors (IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, TNF-α, IFN-γ) were dynamically monitored. RESULTS: On D1 of admission, the numbers of peripheral blood CD3 T, CD4 T, CD8 T, and NK cells were significantly lower than the normal range. With the improvement of the disease, the numbers of CD3 T, CD8 T and CD4 T cells gradually recovered and showed a linear growth trend (linear fitting equation: =18.59+109.4, <0.05). On D2 of admission, the patient's IL-6 and IL-10 levels were significantly higher than normal values, IFN-γ was at a normal high value, and then rapidly decreased; IL-2, IL-4, and TNF-α were all in the normal range. On the D6 and D7, the IL-6 and IL-10 decreased to the normal range for the first time. On the D18, the sputum virus nucleic acid test was negative for the first time, and the fecal virus nucleic acid test was still positive; on the D20 the sputum and fecal virus nucleic acid test were both negative. On D34, the patient recovered and was discharged. At the discharge the muscle strength score of the patient was 44 and the daily life ability evaluation was 90. CONCLUSIONS In the absence of effective antiviral drugs, early use of appropriate doses of corticosteroids in critically ill patient with COVID-19 can quickly alleviate inflammatory response and improve clinical symptoms, however, it may reduce the number of T cells, and to adjust the dose in time is necessary.
Betacoronavirus ; isolation & purification ; Cell Count ; Coronavirus Infections ; diagnosis ; drug therapy ; immunology ; physiopathology ; Critical Illness ; Cytokines ; blood ; Female ; Humans ; Methylprednisolone ; administration & dosage ; adverse effects ; Middle Aged ; Pandemics ; Pneumonia, Viral ; diagnosis ; drug therapy ; immunology ; physiopathology ; T-Lymphocyte Subsets ; drug effects ; Treatment Outcome

Animal medicines have been called "medicine with affinity to flesh and blood" by doctors of all ages, which always act as an important branch of Chinese medicine. They have various types, extensive sources and long application history, with unique cli-nical effects in anti-coagulation, anti-thrombosis, anti-fatigue, immune regulation, anti-tumor, anti-convulsion and so on. Most animal medicines contain proteins, fatty acids, and trimethylamine oxides, which are prone to decomposition and produce substances such as biological amines, aldehydes, ketones, alcohols, trimethylamine and ammonia with unpleasant odors. The stench produced by the combination of various odors can easily cause side effects such as nausea and vomiting, which would probably affect the drug compliance and clinical efficacy in patients, and block the development of high-quality animal medicines. At present, we have insufficient understanding on sources and formation mechanism of the stench of animal medicines, lacking development of taste-masking technology. Therefore, the universality, formation, vomiting mechanism, evaluation methods, and masking technology of stench of animal medicines were summarized in this paper, so as to deepen the recognition of stench, provide references for the development of animal medicines deodorization technology, enhance patients' compliance with animal medicines, and promote animal drugs to better serve public health in the new era.
Animals ; Fatigue ; Humans ; Neoplasms ; Taste ; Technology

Objective:To discuss the clinical efficacy of modified Zuoguiwan on postmenopausal osteoarthritis of knee (KOA) with deficiency of liver and kidney based on theory of syndrome differentiation and treatment of kidney, and its effect on endocrine hormone and cartilage metabolism.Method:One hundred and forty patients of KOA were randomly divided into control group (70 cases) and observation group (70 cases) by random number table. Patients in two group got glucosamine hydrochloride capsule for 12 weeks, 1 capsule/time, 2 times/day, and those with obvious pain was added celecoxib capsules for 4 weeks, 0.2 g/time, 1 time/day. The control group took Kang Zengsheng pills orally. patients in observation group was also added with modified Zuoguiwan for 12 weeks, 1 dose/day. Before and after treatment, pain level during activity and rest by visual simulation of pain (VAS) were scored. And visual scale of osteoarthritis index (WOMAC) of Western Ontario and McMaster University, knee osteoarthritis severity index (ISOA), deficiency of liver and kidney, self-rating anxiety scale (SAS) and self-rating depression scale (SDS) were scored. And levels of serum estradiol (E₂), follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), matrix metalloproteinase-3 (MMP-3) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) were scored.Result:Scores of VAS during activity and rest in observation group were lower than those in control group (P<0.01). The total score of WOMAC, scores of pain, stiffness, joint function, deficiency of liver and kidney, SAS and SDS were all lower than those in control group (P<0.01). Total score of ISOA, symptoms and signs, maximum walking distance, daily life were lower than those in control group (P<0.01). Levels of E₂, FSH, LH, TNF-α, IL-1β and MMP-3 were lower than those in control group (P<0.01). Level of TGF-β was higher than that in control group (P<0.01). And total clinical effective rate in observation group was 89.23%(58/65), which was higher than 74.60%(47/63) in control group (χ²=4.793, P<0.05).Conclusion:Modified Zuoguiwan can obviously alleviate symptoms, improve joint function, regulate the level of endocrine hormone, relieve anxiety and depression, regulate the environment of cartilage metabolism, inhibit inflammatory reaction, and improve the patients' ability of daily life and clinical efficacy.