The great anti-epidemic spirit is the spirit of the times formed by all Chinese people in the great struggle against COVID-19 under the leadership of the Communist Party of China. The reason for the spatial transformation of the integration of anti-epidemic spirit education is that the great anti-epidemic spirit is the product of specific space environment, Modern space theory provides a new perspective for the integration of anti-epidemic spirit education, and With the end of the epidemic, the era of the epidemic has changed from the anti-epidemic space to the anti-epidemic spirit education space. The principle of spatial dimension of anti-epidemic spirit education lies in the environment creats people, the anti-epidemic spirit and the spatial environment are mutually embedded and mutually constructed, and the formation of the anti-epidemic spirit is the unity of perceptual cognition and rational cognition,education, and the formation of the anti-epidemic spirit is the unity of perceptual cognition and rational cognition. At the practical level, considering the integration of anti epidemic spirit education from the spatial dimension, we should not only integrate the anti epidemic spirit elements into the multi dynamic spatial environment, but also give full play to the role of multi spatial collaborative education and the supervision role of multi subjects in the spatial environment.

Objective To investigate neuroprotective mechanisms of vinpocetine by observing the effects of vinpocetine injection on the expressions of peroxisome proliferators-activated receptor γ(PPARγ),nuclear factor (NF)-κB p65,cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) in the ischemic cortex,and infarct volume after focal cerebral ischemia-reperfusion in rats.Methods A focal cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury model was induced by suture method.The rats were randomly divided into a normal control,a cerebral ischemiareperfusion and a vinpocetine groups.They were also divided into either a day 7 subgroup or a day 14 subgroup (n =6 in each subgroup) according to the reperfusion time.Western blot was used to detect the expression levels of PPARγand NF-κB P65 in the ischemic cortex.Triphenyl tetrazolium staining was used to detect the volume of cerebral infarction.Results Western blot showed that at day 7 and 14 after cerebral ischemia-reperfusion,expression levels of PPARκ (all P＜0.001) and NF-κB p65 (all P＜0.001) in the cerebral ischemia-reperfusion group were significantly higher than those in the sham operation group,the expression levels of PPARκ (all P ＜0.05) in the vinpocetine group were significantly higher than those in the cerebral ischemia-reperfusion group,but the expression levels of NF-κB p65 (all P ＜0.05) were significantly lower than those in the cerebral ischemia-reperfusion group.Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction showed that COX-2 mRNA expression levels were upregulated significantly at day 7 and 14 after cerebral ischemia-reperfusion compared with the sham operation group (all P ＜ 0.001),the expression levels of COX-2 mRNA in the vinpocetine group were significantly downregulated compared with the cerebral ischemia-reperfusion group (all P＜ 0.05).The infarct volumes at day 7 (134.308± 9.954 mm3vs.185.543 ± 9.100 mm3;q=10.659,P＜0.001) and at day 14 (137.865 ± 9.094 mm3vs.183.210±4.368 mm3;q=11.166,P＜0.001) in the vinpocetine group were significantly less than those in the cerebral ischemia-reperfusion group.Conclusions Vimpocetine significantly reduces infarct vohme after focal cerebral ischemia-reperfusion,its mechanism may be associated with upreguhtion of PPARγexpression and downreguhtion of the expressions of NF-κB p65 and COX-2.

Objective To investigate the effect of electrical stimulation to cerebellar fastigial nucleus on expression of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-кB) P50, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and Bcl-xL mRNA in rats brain after cerebral ischemia-reperfusion. Methods Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into normal control group (NC group), cerebral ischemia-reperfusion group (I/R group), fastigial nucleus stimulation (FNS) group, and fastigial nucleus lesion (FNL) group. A focal cerebral ischemia-reperfusion model was established with middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO). 7 and 14 days after operation, the infarct volume was measured, and the protein of NF-кB P50 in rats brain was detected with Western blotting; the expression of TNF-α and Bcl-xL mRNA was detected with RT-PCR. Results Compared with I/R group, the expression of NF-кB P50 protein increased in FNS group (P<0.05), with the decrease of expression of TNF-α mRNA (P<0.01) and increase of Bcl-xL mRNA (P<0.05), while the infarct size decreased (P<0.01). There was no significant difference between FNL group and I/R group for all the measurements (P>0.05). Conclusion FNS could induce the expression of P50 protein and Bcl-xL mRNA, and inhibit the expression of TNF-α mRNA, and reduce infarct size, which may associated with the neuroprotection of central nervous system from injury.

Objective: To determine the protective effect of zero-balanced ultraifltration and modiifed ultraifltration on infants’ pulmonary function atfer cardiac surgery. Methods: Sixty infants with congenital heart diseases were randomly divided into 3 groups: a zero-balanced ultraifltration group (Z group), a modiifed ultraifltration group (M group) and a zero-balanced ultraifltrationwith modified ultrafiltration group (Z+M group). Oxygenation index (OI), difference of alveoli-arterial oxygen pressure (P(A-α)O2), static lung compliance (Cstat), and airway resistance (Raw) were measured before caridopulmonary bypass (CPB, T1), 20 minutes atfer the CPB (T2), 2 h atfer the operation (T3), 6 h atfer the operation (T4) and 12 h atfer the operation (T5). hTe time of mechanical ventilation was also monitored. Results:Atfer the CPB, OI and Cstat in all groups decreased signiifcantly, while Raw and P(A-α)O2 increased signiifcantly. At T3, T4 and T5, OI and Cstat in the Z+M group were signiifcantly higher than those in the Z group and the M group (P<0.05), Raw andP(A-α)O2 in the Z+M group were signiifcantly lower than those in the Z group and the M group (P<0.05). hTe ventilation time in the Z+M group was signiifcantly shorter than that in the Z group and the M group (P<0.05). Conclusion:Zero-balanced ultrafiltration and modified ultrafiltration can effectively promote the pulmonary function atfer cardiac surgery in infants.

Ideological and political education and the education of medical ethics in medical students play dif -ferent decisive roles .However , there is a common point:they complement each other in content , similarities in the laws of education , synergy in the education effect .Playing the medical ethics education and ideological and politi-cal education to their respective strengths , keeping both in many aspects of the internal tension , is great signifi-cance and role for the training of modern medicine .

Objective To investigate the effect of pioglitazone (PIO) on the expression of peroxisome proliferators-activated receptor γ (PPARγ),nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) c-Rel and anti-apoptosis factor Bcl-xL in cultured Wistar rat cortical neurons after oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R).Methods The rat cerebral cortical neurons were primarily cultured in vitro and a model of OGD/R was induced.The rats were divided into 7 groups:normal,OGD 4 h/R 6 h,OGD 4 h/R 12 h,OGD 4 h/R 6 h + PIO,OGD 4 h/R 6 h + PPARγ inhibitor T0070907 (TIO),OGD 4 h/R 12 h + PIO,and OGD 4 h/R 12 h + TIO groups.Western blot was used to detect the expression of PPARγ and NF-κB c-Rel protein in neurons.Reverse transcriptionpolymerase chain reaction assay was used to detect the expression of Bcl-xL mRNA in neurons.Results Western blot analysis showed that the expression levels of PPARγ and NF-κB c-Rel proteins after OGD/R were increased significantly compared to those of the normal group (P ＜0.01).After giving PIO,the expression levels of PPARγ and NF-κB c-Rel proteins were further increased,and they were significantly higher than those in the OGD 4 h/R 6 h and OGD 4 h/R 12 h groups (P ＜0.01),and after giving TIO,the expression levels of PPARγ and NF-κB c-Rel proteins were decreased,and they were significantly lower than those in the OGD/R group (P ＜0.05) and the corresponding PIO group (P ＜0.01).Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction analysis showed that the expression level of Bcl-xL mRNA in the OGD 4 h/R 6 h group was significantly higher than that in the normal group (P ＜0.01).The expression level of Bcl-xL mRNA in the PIO group was significantly higher than that in the OGD 4 h/R 6 h and OGD 4 h/R 12 h groups (P ＜0.01).After giving TIO,the expression of Bcl-xL mRNA was decreased.It was significantly lower than that in the OGD/R and corresponding PIO groups (P ＜ 0.05 and P ＜ 0.01).Conclusions PIO can upregulate the expression of PPARγ protein in cultured cortical neurons after OGD/R,and then increase the expression of anti-apoptotic factor Bcl-xL mRNA of NF-κB c-Rel regulation.This may be the part mechanism of PPARγ neuroprotective effect.

Objective To study the association of transcription factor 7-like 2(TCF7L2)polymorphisms with tvpe 2 diabetes mellitus in Chinese Han population. Methods Two polymorphisms (rs7903146 and rs12255372)of TCF7L2 gene were genotyped in 446 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM group)and 303 normal subiects (NC group) by PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism(PCR-RFLP).Waist circumference.body mass index,plasma glucose,serum insulin,lipid profiles,high-sensitivity C-reactive protein and non-esterified fatty acid were measured.Homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance(HOMA-IR)and β-cell function(HOMA-β)were calculated.Results (1) In T2DM group,T allele frequency and CT,TY geno tvpe frequeneies of rs7903146 were significantly higher than those in NC group(0.093,0.150,0.018 vs 0.043, 0.079,0.003,respectively,a11 P

[Objective]To explore the effect of spinal cord injury(SCI) repair by peripheral nerve combined with activitied macrophages graft.[Method]Fistly the preparation of the activated macrophages and fabrication of the peripheral nerve were done.81 BALB/C mice were grouped in A,B,C,D groups randomly after their spinal cord were hemi-resected.20 mice of group A were dealed with activated macrophages graft;20 of group B were dealed with peripheral nerve graft;21 of group C were transplanted both two graftes;20 of group D were contral group.Each of the 4 groups was respectively divided into 3 subgroups randomly.7 of subgroup 1 were investigated by their restoration of the motor function and improvement of the somatosensory evoked potential(SEP).7 of subgroup 2 were tabken for histological examination.The spinal cords were fixed and cut into longitudinal frozen sections,and were immuneostained and stained with hematoxylin and eosin(HE).The numbers of cells or neurofilaments were counted under microscope.6 of subgroup 3(7 of C3)were used as complement ones.All the results were recorded from 1 to 12 weeks postoperative and analyzed statistically using the SPSS 12.0 software package.[Result]The BBB scale and the SEP wave:there was a significant difference between group C1 and the other three groups,there was a significant difference between group A1,B1 and D1,too(ONE WAY ANOVA,P

Objective To express TmpA recombinant antigen of Treponema pallidum in E.coli and to develop an Enzyme linked Immunoassay (EIA) based on the recombinant antigen for diagnosing syphilis. Methods The target TmpA gene was amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The PCR products of the gene were inserted into pBluescript T vector, and then expressed in E.coli, using pQE 30 system. Then the recombinant antigen was purified by an affinity chromatography and used for the development of EIA. Results The antigenicity of the recombinant antigen was identified by western blotting (WB) and EIA. The sensitivity and specificity of EIA were 100%(10/10) and 100% (20/20), respectively. The positive rates of anti TmpA antibodies were 91.67% (11/12) for the patients with Ⅰ phase of syphilis and 100% for the patients of Ⅱ and late stage of the disease. Conclusions The TmpA recombinant protein can be used to diagnose syphilis since 97.2% (35/36) of patients with syphilis were positive for the anti TmpA antibody by EIA.

Objective:To investigate the expression of nuclear factor-?B(NF-?B)subunits P50 and c-Rel protein in primary cortical neurons of Wistar rats at different time points of oxygen glucose deprivation/reoxygenation(OGD/R).Methods:The neurons dissociated from the cortex of the neonatal rats were primary cultured and were identified by immunocytochemistry.OGD/R model was established.The study was divided into 6 groups according to different processing methods,including normal group,OGD 4 h treated,OGD 4 h/R 2 h treated,OGD 4 h/R 6 h treated,OGD 4 h/R 12 h treated and OGD 4 h/R 24 h treated groups.The expression of NF-?B P50 and c-Rel protein in neurons was examined by immunocytochemistry method and Western blotting.Results:(1)Immunocytochemistry detection targeting neuron specific enolase(NSE)and beta-Ⅲ tubulin confirmed that the cultured cells were neurons.(2)The expression of NF-?B P50 protein was significantly higher in OGD 4 h group than in control group(P