Direct compression is an ideal method for tablet preparation, but it requires the powder's high functional properties. The functional properties of the powder during compression directly affect the quality of the tablet. 15 parameters such as Py, FES-8KN, FES-12KN, FES-16KN, CR-8KN, CR-12KN, and CR-16KN were used as the characteristic variables in this paper. Unsupervised learning methods like principal component analysis, cluster analysis, and factor analysis were applied to analyze and classify the compression behavior data of 36 traditional Chinese medicine powders. The results showed that both different dimensionality reduction classification methods could effectively differentiate the compression behavior characteristics of 36 traditional Chinese medicine compound powders. The hierarchical cluster analysis results showed a better agreement with the actual compression phenomena of the powders, where group 1 was high elasticity and low compressibility, group 2 was easily compressed and hard to break, group 3 was excellent compressibility and compactibility. This study is expected to provide references and ideas for predicting the behavior of traditional Chinese medicine powders and the screening of tablet formulations.

In this study, high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with tantrum mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS) technology was employed to determine milrinone nitrogen oxides in milrinone. An ACCHROM XCharge-C18 column (100 mm × 2.1 mm, 5 μm) was used with a mobile phase consisting of A phase (methanol) and B phase (5 mmol/L NH4FA, pH3 adjusted by formic acid). Agilent 6410B triple quadrupole mass spectrometer was used for HPLC-MS/MS analysis. Detection was performed using positive electrospray ionization (ESI+) in multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) mode to analyze the limit of milrinone nitrogen oxides in milrinone, and the quantitative transition for the ion pair was from m/z 228.01 to m/z 181.90. Experimental results showed that the method exhibited good specificity, and that neither blank solvent nor blank samples interfered with the determination of milrinone nitrogen oxides of milrinone. The method demonstrated high sensitivity, with a limit of quantitation (LOQ) of 0.0076 μg/mL and a limit of detection (LOD) of 0.0038 μg/mL. The linear range spanned from 20% to 200% of the LOQ concentration, and a good linear relationship between concentration and peak area was observed within this range. Additionally, the recovery rates were consistently within the range of 80% to 120%, and the RSD for repeatability tests was 12.0%. These results indicated that the precision and accuracy of this method meet the required standards. In summary, the method developed in this study can effectively and accurately determine the content of milrinone nitrogen oxides in milrinone.

Tumor aerobic glycolysis is one of the main features of tumor metabolic reprogramming. This abnormal glycolytic metabolism provides bioenergy and biomaterials for tumor growth and proliferation. It is worth noting that aerobic glycolysis will not only provide biological materials and energy for tumor cells, but also help tumor cells to escape immune surveillance through regulation of immune microenvironment, thereby resisting tumor immunotherapy and promoting tumor progression. Based on the pathogenesis of renal cell carcinoma, this paper describes the characteristics of aerobic glycolysis, the effect of glycolytic metabolism on the immune microenvironment of renal cell carcinoma, the effect of glycolysis inhibitors on the immune microenvironment of renal cell carcinoma, and the prospect of glycolysis inhibitors combined with immune checkpoint inhibitors in the treatment of renal cell carcinoma.
Humans ; Carcinoma, Renal Cell/therapy* ; Immunotherapy ; Glycolysis ; Metabolic Reprogramming ; Kidney Neoplasms/therapy* ; Tumor Microenvironment

[摘 要] 目的：探讨多结节非小细胞肺癌（NSCLC）组织中的驱动基因突变情况与临床病理特征的关系，为多结节NSCLC患者治疗提供分子诊断依据。方法：本研究共纳入2018年1月至2023年10月间云南省肿瘤医院分子诊断中心检测的121例多结节NSCLC患者的253个肺结节肿瘤组织标本，以第二代测序（NGS）技术或扩增阻滞突变系统PCR（ARMS-PCR）技术检测多结节NSCLC 组织中驱动基因突变情况，分析其与患者临床病理特征的关系，比较不同结节间肺癌驱动基因的突变异质性。结果：与非“宣威”NSCLC相比，“宣威”多结节NSCLC患者驱动基因突变具有显著的地域特点，表现在“宣威”患者具有较低（20%）的EGFR敏感突变（L858R、19-del）及较高（27.26%）的EGFR少见突变（主要为G719/S768I、G719）；“宣威”多结节NSCLC患者的KRAS突变率（27.27%）亦显著高于非“宣威”患者突变率（12.59%）（P<0.05）。此外，“宣威”多结节NSCLC患者驱动基因突变不一致率高达69.23%，远高于非“宣威”患者驱动基因突变不一致率（55.07%）（P<0.05）。结论：“宣威”多结节NSCLC患者具有较高的EGFR少见突变及KRAS突变率，同一患者不同病灶之间存在更高的驱动基因突变异质性，本研究将为“宣威”多结节NSCLC的诊疗策略提供更多的选择。

Objective:To investigate the status of self-management and family support among elderly diabetic patients in community.Methods:Eight elderly patients with type 2 diabetes were interviewed in Xietu Community Health Service Center in Shanghai by semi-structured interviews from March 1st to March 15th, 2022. The interview outline focused on the impact of the disease on the patients' daily life, the status of disease self-management, and the support provided by their family. The contents of interviews were analyzed and extracted by Colaizz 7-step analysis method.Results:Of the 8 interviewees, there were 2 males and 6 females, aged (75.25±3.01)years old, with a disease course of (17.50±8.50)years. The interviews showed that there were three themes in the area of family support: difficulties in disease management (in terms of diet, exercise, medication, disease surveillance, health knowledge and quitting unhealthy habits), helpfulness of family support in management of above behaviors, differences between family support and support from others (including eating habits, information sharing, emotional support, patient trust, and continuity of support).Conclusions:The elderly diabetic patients in the community have some awareness of health management, but there is still much room for improvement. The supervision and support from family members can help patients improve their self-management and quality of life.

[摘 要] 目的：探究SOX9通过上调长链非编码RNA LINC01503的表达对喉鳞状细胞癌（LSCC）细胞的增殖、迁移、侵袭及肿瘤干细胞干性的影响。方法： 常规培养人LSCC细胞AMC-HN-8、TU177、TU212和TU686，用转染试剂将敲减序列及其对照核酸（si-SOX9-NC、si-SOX9#1、 si-SOX9#2、si-LINC01503-NC、si-LINC01503#1、si-LINC01503#2）或过表达质粒及其对照核酸（pcDNA3.1-SOX-NC、pcDNA3.1-SOX-oe、pcDNA3.1-LIN01503-NC和pcDNA3.1-LIN01503-oe）分别转染至TU177细胞或TU686细胞，记为si-SOX9-NC组、si-SOX9#1组、si-SOX9#2组、si-LINC01503-NC组、si-LINC01503#1组、si-LINC01503#2组；pcDNA3.1-SOX9-NC组、pcDNA3.1-SOX9-oe组、pcDNA3.1-LINC01503-NC组、pcDNA3.1-LINC01503-oe组、si-SOX9-NC + pcDNA3.1-LINC01503-NC组和si-SOX9 + pcDNA3.1-LINC01503-oe组。qPCR法检测SOX9 mRNA和LINC01503 在各组细胞中的表达，生物信息学分析SOX9与LINC0503启动子区的结合位点，双萤光素酶报告基因实验和染色质免疫共沉淀实验验证SOX9与LINC01503启动子区是否直接结合，WB法检测SOX9的敲减效率及LINC01503对TU177和TU686细胞干性标志物表达的影响，MTS法检测各组细胞的增殖活力，划痕愈合和Transwell小室实验检测各组细胞的迁移能力，克隆形成实验检测各组细胞的克隆形成能力。结果：SOX9在各种LSCC细胞中呈高表达（均P < 0.05），数据库数据分析显示，在头颈部鳞状细胞癌中，SOX9与LINC01503表达呈正相关（R = 0.12，P = 0.005 9）；SOX9可与LINC01503启动子区直接结合并促进其转录表达（均P < 0.05）；敲减LINC01503可明显抑制TU177细胞的增殖、迁移、侵袭（均P < 0.05），过表达LINC01503明显促进TU686细胞增殖、迁移、侵袭的能力（均P < 0.05），提高TU686细胞克隆形成能力和细胞干性标志物分子CD133、OCT4、SOX2的mRNA和蛋白水平表达（均P < 0.05），敲减LINC01503则均可抑制TU686细胞的克隆形成和细胞干性标志物的表达（均P < 0.05）；敲减SOX9均可明显抑制TU177细胞的增殖、迁移和侵袭能力，降低其干性细胞标志物的表达（均P < 0.05），同时过表达LINC01503则可部分逆转敲减SOX9对TU177细胞恶性生物学行为和干性标志物表达的抑制作用（均P < 0.05）。结论：SOX9和LINC01503在LSCC细胞中呈高表达，SOX9可能通过上调LINC01503表达提高LSCC细胞增殖、转移和侵袭能力和肿瘤干细胞干性。

Objective To explore the effect of seminar based on case-based learning(CBL)in practical teaching of physical therapy. Methods From July,2021 to June,2022,42 rehabilitation therapy students for internships in Rehabilitation Medicine Center,the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University were non-directionally recruited,and random-ly divided into control group(n = 21)and experimental group(n = 21).The experimental group received instruc-tion using seminar and CBL,while the control group received CBL alone,for three months.The scores of theoret-ical and practical assessments were observed,and the satisfaction was investigated using a self-designed question-naire. Results The scores of both theoretical and practical assessments were better in the experimental group than in the control group(t>2.421,P<0.05);while the satisfaction was better in terms of motivating learning enthusiasm,enhanc-ing learning abilities,cultivating clinical reasoning skills,improving teacher-student communication,promoting teamwork,enhancing overall competence,and satisfying to the teaching in the experimental group than in the control group(χ2>6.667,P<0.05). Conclusion The combination of seminar with CBL would enhance the effect of practical teaching in physical therapy.

Objective To investigate the effect of 1,25(OH)2 D3-mediated vitamin D receptor(VDR)expression on oxidative stress injury in nucleus pulposus cells.Methods Human interdisc nucleus pulpocytes were randomly divided into control group,H2O2 group(400 μmol·L-1H2O2),1,25(OH)2 D3 group[100.00 nmol·L-11,25(OH)2D3+400 μmol·L-1H2O2],1,25(OH)2D3+si-NC group[100.00 nmol·L-1 1,25(OH)2D3+400 μmol·L-1 H2O2+si-NC],1,25(OH)2D3+si-VDR group[100.00 nmol·L-1 1,25(OH)2D3+400 μmol·L-1 H2O2+si-VDR].Cell survival rate was measured by methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium(MTT)assay.Western blot assay was used to detect the protein expression level of each group.Apoptosis,mitochondrial membrane potential and reactive oxygen species(ROS)levels were detected by flow cytometry,JC-1 fluorescence probe and DCFH-DA probe,respectively.Malonclialdehyde(MDA)and superoxide dismutase(SOD)levels were detected with the kit.Results The cell survival rates of control group,H2O2 group,1,25(OH)2D3 group,1,25(OH)2D3+si-NC group and 1,25(OH)2D3+si-VDR group were(100.00±2.43)％,(63.79±5.21)％,(90.11±7.24)％,(88.79±6.48)％and(55.31±4.65)％;VDR protein levels were 0.79±0.06,0.28±0.03,0.68±0.05,0.69±0.06 and 0.34±0.04;the apoptosis rates were(4.12±0.26)％,(19.37±1.21)％,(8.49±0.57)％,(8.23±0.60)％and(14.68±1.37)％;mitochondrial membrane potential levels were(100.00±4.31)％,(49.46±5.02)％,(82.14±7.02)％,(83.14±5.12)％and(67.16±5.48)％;ROS levels were 1.79±0.12,7.98±0.51,3.87±0.34,3.92±0.22 and 5.79±0.28;Beclin-1 levels were 0.86±0.09,0.35±0.04,0.76±0.07,0.75±0.08 and 0.46±0.05;LC3-Ⅱ/LC3Ⅰ levels were 1.00±0.07,0.25±0.04,0.78±0.07,0.85±0.08 and 0.42±0.05,respectively.Compared H2 O2 group with control group,compared 1,25(OH)2 D3 group with H2O2 group,compared 1,25(OH)2D3+si-VDR group with 1,25(OH)2D3+si-NC group,the differences of the above indicators were all statistically significant(all P＜0.05).Conclusion 1,25(OH)2 D3 may up-regulate the expression of VDR,promote autophagy and inhibit apoptosis of nucleus pulposus cells,and play an anti-oxidative stress role.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease associated with dysfunctions related to thinking, learning, and memory of the brain. AD has multiple pathological characteristics with complicated causes, constructing a suitable pathological model is crucial for the research of AD. Microfluidic chip technology integrates multiple functional units on a chip, which can realize microenvironmental control similar to the physiological environment. It is well applied in the construction of pathological model, early diagnosis as well as drug screening of AD. This paper focuses on the construction of AD microfluidic chips model from the perspective of cell type, culture formats and the chips structure as well as the research progress of microfluidic chips in AD application based on the pathological characteristics of AD, which will provide a reference for further elucidation of AD mechanism and drug development.

Objective:To observe the clinical efficacy of supplementing penetrating acupuncture for swallowing with ice-water balloon dilatation in the treatment of dysphagic patients with cricopharyngeal achalasia after a brainstem stroke.Methods:Forty-five patients with cricopharyngeal achalasia after a brainstem stroke were randomly assigned to a penetrating acupuncture (PA) group, a balloon dilatation (BD) group or a combination group, each of 15. In addition to routine swallowing training, those in the PA and BD groups received penetrating swallowing acupuncture or iced-water balloon dilatation, while the combination group received penetrating swallowing acupuncture 30 minutes after iced-water balloon dilatation. The treatments lasted three weeks beginning right after the recovery of autonomous oral feeding. Before and after the treatment, all of the subjects′ swallowing function was evaluated using video fluoroscopy (VFSS), a functional oral intake scale (FOIS) and a penetration aspiration scale (PAS). Successful removal of the gastric tube, gastric tube retention time and normal opening rate of the cricopharyngeal muscle were also recorded.Results:Significant improvement was observed in the average VFSS, FOIS and PAS results of all three groups after the treatments. The combination group′s average VFSS, FOIS and PAS scores were, however, significantly superior to those of the other two groups, as were successful removal of the gastric tube, gastric tube retention time and the normal opening rate of the cricopharyngeal muscle.Conclusion:Combining penetrating swallowing acupuncture with ice-water balloon dilation can better improve the swallowing function of brainstem stroke survivors with cricopharyngeal achalasia. It improves the cricopharyngeal opening rate and shortens gastric tube indwelling time. This combination of traditional Chinese and Western medicine is therefore worthy of clinical promotion and application.