Objective To determine the expression of FOXM1 and PLK1 in colorectal cancer tissues and their relationship with clinicopathological characteristics and prognosis of patients. Methods Sixty patients who underwent surgical resection of colorectal cancer were retrospectively selected. Colorectal cancer tissues and adjacent tissues (>5 cm from the margins of colorectal cancer tissues) were collected. Immunohistochemistry, Western blot, and qRT-PCR analyses were used to detect the expression levels of FOXM1 and PLK1 in colorectal cancer tissues. Human colon cancer HCT-116 cells were treated with FOXM1 inhibitor FDI-6, and the effect of downregulating FOXM1 on PLK1 expression levels was investigated by Western blot and qRT-PCR. Results FOXM1 and PLK1 were highly expressed in the cytoplasm of colorectal cancer cells, and the positive expression rate was significantly higher than those in adjacent tissues (P<0.05). FOXM1 expression was closely related to the degree of differentiation, TNM stage, lymph node metastasis, and invasion depth (all P<0.05). PLK1 expression was closely related to TNM stage, lymph node metastasis, and invasion depth (all P<0.05). The expression levels of FOXM1 and PLK1 in colorectal cancer tissues were positively correlated (r_s=0.373, P=0.003). Western blot and qRT-PCR results showed that the expression level of PLK1 decreased significantly after inhibition of FOXM1 expression. Patients with either FOXM1 or PLK1 expression alone, or with neither expressed, had significantly longer survival time and more favorable prognosis than those with FOXM1 and PLK1 co-expression. Conclusion FOXM1 and PLK1 are highly expressed in colorectal cancer tissues. FOXM1 may promote colorectal cancer through PLK1, and its high expression suggests poor prognosis of patients and may be a potential target for colorectal cancer.

BACKGROUND:Early postural adjustments serve as preparatory measures for forthcoming actions or potential disruptions in posture,thereby facilitating improved movement execution and mitigating destabilizing effects caused by posture interference. OBJECTIVE:To investigate the characteristics of temporal and intensity parameters of key lower limb muscles during early postural adjustment phase when stroke patients with varying levels of balance initiate walking at a self-selected comfortable pace. METHODS:The characteristics of early postural adjustments in 16 stroke patients were observed.Sixteen patients were divided into a non-fall group(n=8)and a fall group(n=8)based on the history of falls and Berg Balance Scale scores.Noraxon inertial sensors and Noraxon Ultium EMG wireless surface electromyography were utilized to collect body kinematic data and surface electromyography data during gait initiation.Muscle activation time and activation sequence of six key muscles in the lower limbs(tibialis anterior,medial and lateral gastrocnemius,rectus femoris,lateral femoris and biceps femoris muscles)during the early postural adjustment phase,as well as normalized electromyography integral values for the four time windows(each 150 ms)before gait initiation,were analyzed. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Stroke patients with a history of falls exhibited earlier activation times for the six key muscles in the lower limbs during gait initiation compared with those in the non-fall group.The fall group demonstrated significantly earlier activation times for tibialis anterior,lateral head of gastrocnemius,and vastus lateralis(P<0.01,P<0.05).In contrast,the non-fall group displayed a consistent pattern of activating extensor muscles before flexor muscles,with thigh muscle activation preceding calf muscle activation.However,in the fall group,calf extensor muscle activation occurred prior to thigh extensor muscle activation,and the vastus lateralis was activated even earlier.The tibialis anterior was the last activated muscle in both groups.Specifically during T3(>-300 to-150 ms),the tibialis anterior exhibited significantly higher activity in the fall group compared with the non-fall group(P<0.05),while the lateral head of gastrocnemius demonstrated significant inhibition during T3(P<0.05)and the medial head of gastrocnemius showed significant inhibition during both T3 and T4(>-150 to 0 ms)stages compared with the non-fall group(P<0.01,P<0.05).To conclude,stroke patients with varying balance abilities employ distinct early postural adjustment strategies prior to stepping,as evidenced by differences in muscle activation timing,recruitment order,and muscle activity amplitude.Patients at a high risk of falling exhibit prolonged duration of early postural adjustment and delayed initiation of gait,indicating earlier activation of the tibialis anterior muscle and inhibition of gastrocnemius muscle activity.These delays in gait initiation and variations in muscle recruitment strategies may contribute to unstable posture and an increased susceptibility to falls.

Objectives:To discuss the inhibitory effect of Lactobacillus reuteri on the replication of rotavirus(RV)strain SA11 in vivo and in vitro,and to clarify its effect on the expression of related immune factors.Methods:For in vitro experiments,Lactobacillus reuteri was cultured and identified,and the standard curve and growth curve were plotted to screen the optimal time and concentration for Lactobacillus reuteri cultivation.The cells were infected with Lactobacillus reuteri at the concentrations of 5×108,10×108,50×108,100×108,200×108,and 500×108 CFU·mL-1,and the surival rates of Caco-2 cells were detected by trypan blue staining method.Various concentrations of Lactobacillus reuteri were co-incubated with RV in vitro and applied to the Caco-2 cells.The cells were divided into negative control group(NC group),positive control group(PC group),and 107,108,109,and 1010 CFU·mL-1 Lactobacillus reuteri groups.Immunofluorescence focus method was used to detect the viral titers in the Caco-2 cells after treated with Lactobacillus reuteri and real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR(RT-qPCR)method was used to detect the copy numbers of RV VP6 gene in the Caco-2 cells after treated with various concentrations of Lactobacillus reuteri.In in vivo experiments,25 litters of SPF suckling mice were divided into control group,RV group(infected with SA11 strain),Ab-NC group(treated with antibiotic to deplete gut microbiota),Ab-RV group(depleting gut microbiota and then infected with SA11 strain),and Ab-Lac-RV group(depleting gut microbiota,treated with Lactobacillus reuteri,and then infected with SA11 strain).The fecal samples were collected on days 2,4,6,8,and 10 gavage,colon tissue sample were collected on day 4 of and RT-qPCR method was used to detect the copy numbers of RV VP6 gene in feces and the mRNA expression levels of interleukin(IL)-1β,IL-8,IL-10,interferon-γ(IFN-γ),and tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α)in colon tissue of the suckling mice in vartious groups.Results:The Lactobacillus reuteri grew well,with round,smooth,and milky white convex colonies and neat edges.After Gram staining,the bacteria appeared purple,irregular,and square-shaped rods.16SrDNA sequencing showed 99%sequence homology,indicating successful activation of Lactobacillus reuteri.The number of live Lactobacillus reuteri was linearly related to the absorbance(A)value,and the standard curve for regression analysis was Y=0.437 5X+0.000 6,R2=0.999 4.During the 0-2 h cultivation period,the bacteria were at the logarithmic growth phase with slow growth;from 2-14 h,the bacteria grew rapidly and stabilized at 14-16 h,reaching the growth rate peak at 16 h,after which they entered the decline phase.Infection with Lactobacillus reuteri at concentrations of 5×108,10×108,50×108,100×108,and 200×108 CFU·mL-1 resulted in the survival rates of Caco-2 cells were all>90%,so these concentrations were selected for the further experiments.Compared with PC group,the copy numbers of RV VP6 gene in the Caco-2 cells in 5×108,10×108,50×108,100×108,and 200×108 CFU·mL-1 Lactobacillus reuteri groups were significantly decreased(P<0.01).Compared with PC group,the viral titers in the Caco-2 cells in 107,108,109,and 1010 CFU·mL-1 Lactobacillus reuteri groups were significantly decreased(P<0.01).Compared with control group,the numbers of gut microbiota colonies in Ab-NC,Ab-RV,and Ab-Lac-RV groups were significantly decreased,indicating successful depletion of gut microbiota in the suckling mice.On days 2 and 4 after gavage,the RV VP6 gene copy number in the feces in Ab-RV group was significantly lower than that in RV group(P<0.05).On days 4,6,8,and 10 after gavage,the RV VP6 gene copy number in the feces in Ab-Lac-RV group was significantly lower than that in Ab-RV group(P<0.05).Compared with control group,the expression levels of IL-1β,IL-10,IFN-γ,and TNF-α mRNA in colon tissue in Ab-RV and Ab-Lac-RV groups were significantly increased(P<0.05 or P<0.01),while the expression level of IL-8 mRNA was significantly decreased(P<0.05),and the expression level of IL-10 mRNA in colon tissue in Ab-LAC-RV group was significantly increased(P<0.01).Conclusion:Lactobacillus reuteri may inhibit the RV replication by upregulating the expressions of IL-1β,IL-10,IFN-γ,and TNF-α mRNA and downregulating the expression of IL-8 mRNA.

Objective To investigate the current status and awareness of pharmaceutical services in hospitals in Guizhou province and to provide a reference for exploring and carrying out pharmaceutical service fees.Methods The questionnaire was designed by the"wjx.cn"website.Three kinds of questionnaires were designed for pharmacists,doctors,nurses,and patients as the research objects,with corresponding differences in some questions,and promoted on WeChat,Dingxiangyuan,and other network platforms.Results A total of 655 questionnaires were collected,and 639 valid questionnaires were recovered,with an effective recovery rate of 97.56%.324 pharmacists(50.70%),82 doctors and nurses(12.83%),233 patients(36.46%)were surveyed.The average approval score of these three groups of respondents on pharmaceutical service fees was 4.67,4.23,and 4.22,respectively(full score:5).Conclusions Overall,pharmacists'professional services have received support from medical staff and patients.However,patients'pharmaceutical service projects currently focus on dispensing services.The recognition of pharmacists'work and the public's awareness of pharmaceutical services can be improved by enhancing the professional ability of pharmacists,strengthening publicity and guidance,and exploring"Internet+pharmaceutical services",etc.,to promote the sustainable development of pharmaceutical services.

Objective:To innovatively applicate and evaluate the efficacy of simultaneous off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting (OPCABG), modified pulmonary vein isolation and left atrial ablation treating coronary heart disease combined with atrial fibrillation.Methods:From January 2021 to August 2023, a retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical data of 76 patients who underwent OPCABG, modified pulmonary vein isolation and left atrial ablation in our department. There were 57 males and 19 females, aged(63.42 ± 8.25)years, with a median duration of 26 months of atrial fibrillation. Follow up was conducted for 1 year after surgery, and 24-hour dynamic electrocardiogram was rechecked to observe the recurrence of atrial fibrillation.Results:All patients successfully completed the surgery without any conversion to extracorporeal circulation, and no perioperative death. On the first day after surgery, there was a conversion to sinus or junctional rhythm in 69(90.79%) cases. The median postoperative hospitalization time was 7 days, with no postoperative cerebral infarction or complications of thoracotomy hemostasis. All patients recovered and were discharged, with a sinus rhythm maintained at 67(88.16%) upon discharge. Compared with preoperation, there were 56 (73.68%) patients with sinus rhythm after 1 year of postoperative follow-up( P<0.05). Conclusion:The simultaneous OPCABG, modified pulmonary vein isolation and left atrial ablation treating coronary heart disease with atrial fibrillation was safe, feasible, and effective. The mid- and long-term efficacy needs to be further confirmed through multicenter and large-scale studies.

Microcystin-leucine arginine (MC-LR), a potentially carcinogenic toxin, is produced by Cyanobacteria such as Microcystis and Ananabacteria during water bloom. Increasing evidence demonstrated that MC-LR induces male reproductive toxicity, mainly by inducing germ cell apoptosis, destroying cell cytoskeleton, interfering with DNA damage repair pathway, and damaging blood-testicular barrier (BTB), which eventually lead to male sterility. Testicular Sertoli cells are the somatic cells that directly contact with spermatogenic cells in seminiferous tubules. They not only regulate immune response to maintain testicular immune homeostasis by secreting a variety of cytokines and immunosuppressive factors, but also provide the protective effects of spermatogenic cells by forming BTB. MC-LR induces inflammation and apoptosis of Sertoli cells, and destroys the integrity of the BTB, and then causes spermatogenesis dysfunction.
Male ; Humans ; Sertoli Cells ; Leucine/pharmacology* ; Arginine/pharmacology* ; Microcystins/metabolism* ; Immunity

Objective:To evaluate the prognosis of off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting combined(OPCABG) with coronary endarterectomy(CE) treating the diffuse coronary artery disease.Methods:From January 2012 to December 2014, the clinical data of 2 496 OPCABG patients in our department were retrospectively analyzed, and they were divided into OPCABG group and OPCABG+ CE group. After 1∶1 matching via the propensity score matching method, the perioperative prognosis, long-term survival and adverse cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events(MACCE) were compared between the two groups.Results:A total of 238 pairs of patients were included after propensity score matching. The incidence of postoperative AMI in the OPCABG+ CE group was significantly higher than that in the OPCABG group(5.04% vs. 1.68%, P=0.042). With an average follow-up of 7.3 years, there was no significant difference in the cumulative survival rate(92.44% vs. 88.65%, P=0.159) and long-term MACCE(10.92% vs. 15.13%, P=0.173) between the two groups. Compared with the OPCABG group, the recurrence of angina pectoris(CCS grade Ⅲ-Ⅳ) in the OPCABG+ CE group increased significantly(20.16% vs. 12.60%, P=0.026). Conclusion:The risk of early AMI and long-term angina recurrence after OPCABG+ CE is significantly increased, but the long-term survival and MACCE of OPCABG+ CE and OPCABG are comparable.

Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) has become a new method of post-stroke rehabilitation treatment and is gradually accepted by people. However, the neurophysiological mechanism of tDCS in the treatment of stroke still needs further study. In this study, we recruited 30 stroke patients with damage to the left side of the brain and randomly divided them into a real tDCS group (15 cases) and a sham tDCS group (15 cases). The resting EEG signals of the two groups of subjects before and after stimulation were collected, then the difference of power spectral density was analyzed and compared in the band of delta, theta, alpha and beta, and the delta/alpha power ratio (DAR) was calculated. The results showed that after real tDCS, delta band energy decreased significantly in the left temporal lobes, and the difference was statistically significant ( P < 0.05); alpha band energy enhanced significantly in the occipital lobes, and the difference was statistically significant ( P < 0.05); the difference of theta and beta band energy was not statistically significant in the whole brain region ( P > 0.05). Furthermore, the difference of delta, theta, alpha and beta band energy was not statistically significant after sham tDCS ( P > 0.05). On the other hand, the DAR value of stroke patients decreased significantly after real tDCS, and the difference was statistically significant ( P < 0.05), and there was no significant difference in sham tDCS ( P > 0.05). This study reveals to a certain extent the neurophysiological mechanism of tDCS in the treatment of stroke.
Brain/physiopathology* ; Brain Waves/physiology* ; Electroencephalography/methods* ; Humans ; Stroke/therapy* ; Stroke Rehabilitation/methods* ; Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation/methods*

Objective:To compare the efficacy of Milrinone and Papaverine in relieving the spasm of internal mammary artery (LIMA) during off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting (OPCABG).Methods:Between April 2018 to December 2018, 200 patients who suffered obvious angina pectoris and three-vessel disease documented by coronary angiography, undergoing OPCABG at Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University were recruited in this study, including 103 males and 97 females, aged 46-74 years, with an average of (59.12±0.49) years old. For all patients, the LIMA was anastomosed to left anterior descending artery(LAD). According to different methods relieving LIMA spasm, all patients randomly divided into 4 groups (n=50): Papaverine surface infiltration group (group Ⅰ), Papaverine injection group (group Ⅱ), Milrinone surface infiltration group (group Ⅲ) and Milrinone injection group (group Ⅳ). The blood flow (ml/min) of the free LIMA, the blood flow of the LIMA-LAD after bypass, anastomotic time of obtuse marginal artery, the use of vasoactive drugs, the outcomes of perioperative period and 1 year after operation were compared in the four groups.Results:There was no significant difference between group Ⅲ and group Ⅰ in the blood flow of free LIMA and LIMA-LAD[(45.50±1.43)ml/min vs. (47.42±1.61)ml/min、(28.60±0.89)ml/min vs. (28.40±0.96)ml/min, all P>0.05]. The blood flow of free LIMA and the LIMA-LAD in group Ⅱ were significantly higher than those in group Ⅰ[(60.36±1.28)ml/min vs. (47.42±1.61)ml/min, (42.40±1.25)ml/min vs. (28.40±0.96)ml/min, all P<0.05]. The blood flow of free LIMA and LIMA-LAD in group Ⅳ were significantly higher than those in group Ⅲ[(70.86±2.00) ml/min vs. (45.50±1.43) ml/min, (59.46±1.25) ml/min vs. (28.60±0.89) ml/min, all P<0.05]. The blood flow of free LIMA and LIMA-LAD in group Ⅳ were significantly higher than those in group Ⅱ[(70.86±2.00) ml/min vs. (60.36±1.28) ml/min, (59.46±1.25) ml/min vs. (42.40±1.25)ml/min, all P<0.05]. The anastomotic time of obtuse marginal artery[(7.14±0.72)min vs. (8.30±0.93)min, (8.10±0.89)min, (8.14±0.90)min, P<0.05], the dopamine dose[(3.76±0.40)μg·kg -1·min -1 vs. (5.02±0.52)μg·kg -1·min -1, (4.84±0.48)μg·kg -1·min -1, (4.90±0.49)μg·kg -1·min -1,P<0.05] and the esmolol usage (32% vs. 60%, 58%, 58%, P<0.05) during the operation in group Ⅳ were significantly reduced compared with the other three groups. The V3 ST depression on the postoperative first day[(0.34±0.18)mv vs. (0.71±0.22)mv, (0.68±0.20)mv, (0.69±0.22) mv, P<0.05], and the TNI on the postoperative third day[(0.24±0.08)ng/ml vs. (0.56±0.15)ng/ml, (0.54±0.11)ng/ml, (0.53±0.12) ng/ml, P<0.05] were significantly lower in group Ⅳ than those in the other three groups. However, there was no significant difference about the first-year patency of LIMA-LAD among four groups. Conclusion:For relieving spasm of LIMA, the Milrinone injection was better than that of Papaverine, which could shorten the anastomotic time of obtuse marginal artery, maintain intraoperative hemodynamics stability, reduce myocardial damage during OPCABG.

Objective:To investigate the effectiveness of surgical treatment for patients with T 4 stage prostate cancer. Methods:The clinical data and prognosis of 18 patients with T 4 stage prostate cancer treated in Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital from July 2013 to December 2019 were retrospectively analyzed. The average age of these 18 patients was 68.3 (53-81)years. 10 patients were castration resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) and 8 patients were hormone-sensitive prostate cancer (HSPC). 10 CRPC patients were treated with surgical treatment due to bladder clot packing and/or lower urinary tract obstruction. 8 HSPC patients had severe hematuria, severe dysuria and local symptoms. The KPS scores of all patients were ≥80 points with an average score of 84 (80-90). The average QOL score of 18 patients was 28 (21-32). 2 cases in 18 patients underwent total pelvic resection for rectal invasion (one CRPC and one HSPC). 7 cases underwent radical cystoprostatectomy for ureteral invasion (5 cases of CRPC, 2 cases of HSPC), 9 cases underwent bladder preservation surgery for bladder neck invasion (4 cases of CRPC, 5 cases of HSPC), of which 4 cases of enlarged lymph node dissection were all HSPC patients. Results:All cases of T 4 stage prostate cancer patients operation were successfully completed, the average operation time was 256 (219-310)min and the median intraoperative blood loss was about 300 (250-350)ml. Four of them (3 cases of CRPC and 1 case of HSPC) received blood transfusion after operation. The average postoperative hospital stay was 21(11-37) days. All 18 cases were followed up and the median follow-up time was 23.8 months. There was no perioperative death, and no bladder-preserving patients had true urinary incontinence or bladder outlet stenosis.2 CRPC cases died 8 and 15 months after surgery respectively, 7 patients were PSA relapse treated with docetaxel or abiterone therapy, and 1 HSPC patient with rectal invasion was followed up for 58 months after total pelvic resection, the PSA level was still 0.003ng/ml, no distant metastasis was found. 8 cases of hormone-sensitive patients were treated with endocrine therapy, and PSA was less than 0.2 ng/ml. The average QOL of 18 patients 3 months after operation was 37 points (25-45), which was significantly higher than that before operation. The average maximum urine flow rate of patients with bladder preservation was 23(19-25)ml/s. Conclusions:For T 4 stage prostate cancer, surgical treatment is feasible and safe for doctors with extensive surgical experience. For CRPC patients, the surgery can significantly improve short-term symptoms and quality of life, and long-term benefits need to be further evaluated with a large sample. For HSPC patients, it can not only improve clinical symptoms and QOL of patients, but also provide long-term benefits.