Intelligent medical devices are flourishing with the deep integration of modern information and artificial intelligence technologies into healthcare.Testing is an important means of performance evaluation and quality control for intelligent medical devices.Compared with traditional medical devices,the testing methods and technologies of intelligent medical devices are still immature,and need active research to promote the progress in this area.Intelligent medical devices are classified according to their characteristics as artificial intelligence medical devices in the form of software and medical robots based on a general discussion of their development.The medical-device Internet of Things(IoT)system has also been included due to its close relation to the construction of smart hospitals.For each type of intelligent medical device,testing indexes and testing plans are discussed.It is suggested that specific test rules should be further developed for various specific devices.Besides,the evaluation method of complex intelligent systems should be introduced and real-world data should be used for evaluation.This paper aims to accelerate the development of intelligent medical device testing,laying the foundation for quality control and performance evaluation of intelligent medical devices.

With the progress of science and technology and the increase of clinical demand, medical robots have developed rapidly and played a important role in promoting the medical cause. Service robot is a branch of medical robot, which is mainly oriented to medical service and assistance needs, and has been applied in many medical scenarios and achieved demonstration effects. This research first describes the development of medical service robots, and then summarizes the key technologies and clinical applications of robots. Finally, it points out the challenges and directions that medical service robots face at present, and puts forward prospects for their further development in the medical field.
Robotics ; Technology

Internet of Things (IoT) technology plays an important role in smart healthcare. This paper discusses IoT solution for emergency medical devices in hospitals. Based on the cloud-edge-device architecture, different medical devices were connected; Streaming data were parsed, distributed, and computed at the edge nodes; Data were stored, analyzed and visualized in the cloud nodes. The IoT system has been working steadily for nearly 20 months since it run in the emergency department in January 2021. Through preliminary analysis with collected data, IoT performance testing and development of early warning model, the feasibility and reliability of the in-hospital emergency medical devices IoT was verified, which can collect data for a long time on a large scale and support the development and deployment of machine learning models. The paper ends with an outlook on medical device data exchange and wireless transmission in the IoT of emergency medical devices, the connection of emergency equipment inside and outside the hospital, and the next step of analyzing IoT data to develop emergency intelligent IoT applications.
Internet of Things ; Reproducibility of Results ; Internet ; Machine Learning ; Technology

Objective By analyzing the characteristics of PI system in the US,especially its advantages,to learn the ways and means in the cultivation of postgraduates' innovative ability.Combined with the current situation of medical postgraduate training in China,some countermeasures in line with the actual situation of our country and the cultivation characteristics of medical graduate students' innovative ability were proposed.Methods Conducting literature review by using the CNKI and logging on to the official website of relevant agencies to collect and summarize related research data.Results Concrete suggestions from four aspects were proposed:Encourage medical graduate students to participate in scientific and technological research,well-planning of scientific research resources,optimizing and perfecting the mentor-mentee system and constructing a reasonable mechanism for achievement distribution.Conclusions The PI system in American scientific research field can be used for reference in the form and content of cultivating the innovative ability of medical postgraduates in China.

Apoptosis ; physiology ; Autophagy ; physiology ; Diabetic Cardiomyopathies ; physiopathology ; Humans

Objective To explore the surgical modality and safety of hepatectomy for hepatic hemangiomas close adjoining the hepatic portal and vital blood vessels. Methods From June 2005 to June 2010 17patients of hepatic hemangiomas underwent hepatectomy. Data were retrospectively analyzed.Results All the 17 cases were operated on successfully. Six cases were treated with anatomic liver lobectomy including right hemibepatectomy through liver hanging maneuver by anterior approach in 2 cases,under right liver blood vessel blochade and anatomic right posterior hepatectomy in 2 cases, left hemihepatectomy in 2 cases. Eight cases were treated by hemangiomas enucleation, in 3 cases hemangioma was enuleated through liver parenchyma splitting under intermittent hepatic blood inflow exclusion. There was no postoperative mortality, postoperatively pleural effussion occured in 5 cases,wound infection occured in 1 case, and pulmonary infection occured in 1 case, all the cases were cured. Conclusions Different operation styles should be applied according to the position, size of hepatic hemangiomas close adjoining the hepatic portal and the important blood vessels.

Objective To analyze characteristics of severe liver trauma and efficacy of different surgical procedures. Methods Clinical data of 109 patients with severe liver trauma treated in the recent 10 years were retrospectively analyzed. Debriding suture was performed in 32 patients, gauze tamponade in 5, debridement hepatectomy in 59 and anatomical hepatectomy in 13 patients. Results In all the 109 patients, 92 were cured and 17 died. The dead patients included 3 with grade Ⅲ trauma,9 with grade Ⅳ trauma, and 5 with grade V trauma. Among the dead patients, there were 3 patients with simple liver injury (17.6%) and 14 with associated injury (82.4%). Conclusion Right hepatic serious damage is the main type of severe liver trauma and is always complicated with associated injury and needs emergency treatment. Application of the most appropriate surgical approach according to the traumatic condition is important to promote the successful rate of treatment.

In line with the new WHO definition for health and reference of comprehensive health assessments of elderly overseas, the paper screened and set the weight for comprehensive health assessment indicators for military officers, establishing a general health assessment model as a result 402 military officers were subject to Comprehensive Health Assessments, and the outcomes were compared with subjective assessment of experts. The results of both methods are highly coincidental. It proves Comprehensive Health Assessment as a scientific quantitative health assessment method, with promising perspectives in health management in the future.

Objective To summarize clinical experience of emergent surgery for severe liver trauma with rupture of major blood vessels. Methods The clinical data of 12 cases suffering from severe liver trauma with rupture of perihepatic and intrahepatic large blood vessels were retrospectively analyzed. These cases were from Dec 2000 to May 2008. All the cases underwent emergency operation, 6 cases were treated with liver lobectomy: among those 1 case with right posterior lobe liver resection, 1 case with irregular right lobe liver resection, 3 cases with left hemihepatectomy, and 1 case with left lateral lobectomy. Seven cases with rupture of major blood vessels were treated by repair or ligature and/or packing including repair of posthepatic inferior vena though the middle fissure in 2 cases, and through retrahepatic space in one case, interrupted suture of the portal vein in 2 cases, interrupted suture of the right hepatic veins in 2 cases. Mattress suture was applied to the ruptured hepatic veins in 7 cases including mattress suture of the branch of right hepatic vein and middle hepatic vein in 1 case, mattress suture of right hepatic vein in 1 case, suture of middle hepatic vein in 2 cases, and suture of left hepatic vein in 3 cases. One case was treated with ligation of hepatic artery and 3 cases with gauzes packing. Results Among all the 12 cases, 9 cases were cured, 3 cases died: two were caused by severe trauma together with hemorrhagic shock, one by sever brain injury together with hemorrhagic shock. Conclusions Prompt operation, precise stop bleeding and correct operation style are the key for successful rescue of patients suffering from severe liver trauma and massive bleeding.

Objective To study the correlation between N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) and cardiac diastolic and systolic function. Methods 60 New Zealand male rabbits were randomly assigned to two groups. The abdominal aorta 1 cm just above right renal artery were constricted in operated group. The clinical manifestation of heart failure was observed, and cardiac structure and function were investigated with echocardiography. Concentration of serum NT-proBNP was determined regularly. Results The concentration of NT-proBNP was correlated with Sm（r=－0.635,P=0.000）, Em（r=－0.693,P=0.000）, E/Em（r=0.688,P=0.000）, E/Vp（r=0.707, P=0.000）, and EF（r=－0.395,P=0.001）. Conclusion Concentration of serum NT-proBNP could prognose the diastolic and long axis systolic function of left ventricle.