Craniopharyngioma is uncommon benign intracranial tumour that can be cured by surgical resection followed by conventional radiotherapy. However, its anatomical localisation makes the treatment hazardous or impossible. This case report aims to discuss the first local experience of using beta-emitting Yttrium-90 radioisotope in treating a patient with refractory cystic craniopharyngioma. A 43-year-old male who has underlying refractory cystic craniopharyngioma complicated with visual impairment and panhypopituitarism was referred to our nuclear medicine department for intra-cavitary irradiation therapy.Initially, he was presented with blurring of vision and headache which he had two previous resection surgeries of cystic craniopharyngioma. However, due to persistent symptoms, he had Ommaya reservoir shunt inserted for regular aspiration.Despite regular aspiration, his symptoms worsen. He was unsuitable for radiotherapy thus was considered for intra-cystic irradiation with radioisotope. Prior to the therapy, he had pre-therapy assessment with Tc-99 m MAA. He subsequently received Ytrrium-90 citrate colloid of 300 Gy radiation dose to the inner surface of the tumour which complicated with post therapy inflammatory reaction. This first local experience highlights the role of radioisotope as the valuable minimally invasive adjuvant therapy in treating a patient with refractory cystic craniopharyngioma. Further follow-up is necessary to assess the outcome and possible late complications.

Introduction: Milk and dairy products are good sources of high-quality protein. Protein is important during weight loss and subsequent weight maintenance due to the high satiating effect which helps to prevent over-consumption of energy and thereby reduces body fat stores. Furthermore, dairy protein is a good source of essential amino acids for muscle protein synthesis and thus helps to maintain metabolically active muscle mass during weight loss. Regarding milk consumption, it is important to find the association between personal, environmental, and behaviour factors with consuming milk. Objective: The aim of the study is to identify factors influencing milk consumption behaviour among adults. Methods : This study is based on the literature review and on different case studies from different parts of the world to try to fulfill the main scope of factors influencing milk consumption. Results: Based on this review, environmental factors were found to be the main influences on milk consumption behaviour, followed by personal factors and behaviour factors. Conclusion This review is also expected to enrich the documentation on the influencing of milk consumption behaviour among adults

Background: A penile median raphe cyst is an uncommon congenital lesion that is formed due to failure of the median raphe to close completely during embryo development. The majority of the cysts are asymptomatic and often go unnoticed. Here, we report acute urinary retention as a very rare complication of a penile median raphe cyst. Case presentation: A 21-year-old single man presented with a sudden onset of acute urinary retention of one days’ duration. Urethral catheterization was done at the Emergency Department and this drained 800 ml of urine. On further questioning, he claimed that he had had a painless nodule at the glans penis since childhood. The swelling increased in size in the past week causing discomfort. He denied any history of genitalia trauma or recent sexual intercourse. On examination, there was a bluish lesion over the ventral aspect of the glans penis measuring about 3 x 2 cm. The lesion was later excised and histopathology revealed a median raphe cyst of the penis. Conclusion: A penile median raphe cyst is a rare lesion. Acute urinary retention caused by this lesion is very rare.

Online activities have become the norm. From searching for new information to conducting business meetings, social media’s role in daily life continues to grow in prominence. It is estimated that the majority of the population uses social media, and users include doctors and other healthcare professionals. It is critical for primary care doctors to note how social media can substantially influence one’s healthcare behaviour and decision making. Because primary care doctors are usually the first line of contact for patients, they are the most easily accessible and most instrumental in using social media to steer the public toward proper information on healthcare.

Human and cognitive ergonomics become one of essential elements in industrial field nowadays due to employer concern on physical, spiritual and emotional of their workers. The need of industrial today required operator’s cognitive functions with less manual human control but in reality human judgement cannot be eliminate as there are various task that only can be perform by human. The objective of this study is to investigate the level of stress among Muslim electronics assembly line workers in electronic factories in Malaysia. The method used in this study is a survey questionnaire. The study is to compare the stress level between male and female, different ages of worker, years of working experience and task deliver in the plant to perform their duty and contribute to company. The tool administered is DASS 42 questions which distributed to the 360 worker from different level which is staffs and operators. Based on it, emWavePro device are used to test workers biofeedback performance in order to determine target persons for stress management module implementation. Workers performances in terms of productivity are measure after complete module implementation. The result may shows that workers that undergo this programed as a subjects improve their work performance by increasing productivity. Workers may came to work with positive attitude that impact positive environment to the plant. Using DASS, 319 of electronics assembly line workers are evaluated and from that 18 workers are identified with extremely severe of depression, anxiety and stress. From 18 workers, 61.1% are come from age between 19 and 29 years old with working experience less than 5 years. These 18 workers had potential to influence others that can disturb positive environment on the plant and change it to negative environment. Cognitive ergonomics is one of important elements to be focus as it impact workers performance every day. Not only physical, spiritual and emotional of the workers also contribute to the plant achievement in general.

Duplicated or double gallbladder (GB) is a very rare congenital anomaly, that occur about one in every 4000 deliveries. This rare condition is diagnosed either incidentally or patient presents with symptomatic cholelithiasis. With the congenital anatomical variation the patients are indirectly at higher risk of developing complication associated with laparoscopic cholecystectomy.

Dengue is a severe mosquito-borne viral infection causing half a million deaths annually. Dengue virus NS2B/NS3 protease is a validated target for anti-dengue drug design. A series of hitherto unreported 3,5-bis(arylidene)-4-piperidones analogues-were synthesized and screenedagainst DENV2 NS2B/NS3 protease to elucidate their binding mechanism and orientation around the active sites. Results were validated through anDENV2 NS2B/NS3 protease assay using a fluorogenic Boc-Gly-Arg-Arg-AMC substrate. Nitro derivatives of 3,5-bis(arylidene)-4-piperidones (and) emerged as promising lead molecules for novel protease inhibitors with an ICof 15.22 and 16.23 µmol/L, respectively, compared to the standard, panduratin A, having ICof 57.28 µmol/L.

Aims: Bacterial pathogens such as Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Burkholderia pseudomallei are intrinsically resistant to many classes of antibiotics. This is not only due to the poor permeability of their outer membrane but also because of expression of multiple efflux pumps. A promising strategy to minimize the efflux of drugs by these pumps is the use of efflux pump inhibitors (EPIs). In this study, the potential of caffeic acid derivatives as EPIs in P. aeruginosa and B. pseudomallei were evaluated. Methodology and results: The potential of caffeic acid and its derivatives, i.e. chlorogenic acid, caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE) and caffeic acid phenethyl amide (CAPA) to act as EPIs in P. aeruginosa and B. pseudomallei were assessed using the ethidium bromide (EtBr) accumulation and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) validation assays. Among the four test compounds, CAPE was found to significantly increased intracellular accumulation of EtBr in both P. aeruginosa and B. pseudomallei. An increase of 21.4% and 16.8% in cell fluorescence, over a 5-min time frame was observed in P. aeruginosa and B. pseudomallei respectively. Combination of CAPE with kanamycin significantly reduced MICs of this aminoglycoside by a factor of 8-fold in P. aeruginosa and 2-fold in B. pseudomallei. Combination of CAPE with gentamicin also led to a reduction of 4-fold MIC value of this antibiotic in B. pseudomallei. Conclusion, significance and impact of study: The in-vitro results suggest that CAPE has the potential to act as an EPI in P. aeruginosa and B. pseudomallei, thus improving the efficacy of aminoglycosides as antimicrobial agents.

Quassia borneensis has been traditionally used as antihypertensive agent without any scientific literature on its mechanism of action. The objective of this study was to evaluate the antiinflammatory, antioxidant and antiproliferation properties of Q. borneensis extracts. The hexane, chloroform and aqueous extracts of root and bark of Q. borneensis were subjected to nitric oxide (NO) inhibition assay in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells. Expression of inducible NO synthase (iNOS) protein level was analyzed by Western blot. The antioxidant and antiproliferative activities of the extracts on HL-60 cells were determined using Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power (FRAP) and MTT assays, respectively. The chloroform extract of Q. borneensis root obtained by soxhlet method (CSR) significantly inhibited 97.64 ± 0.96% of NO production (p < 0.001) and suppressed iNOS expression (p < 0.05) at the highest concentration of 1.0 μg/ml. The chloroform extract of bark obtained by maceration (CMB) exhibited the highest antioxidant capacity in the absence and presence of HL-60 cells, where the FRAP value were 125.45 ± 9.10 μM FeSO4.7H2O and 181.55 ± 3.45 μM FeSO4.7H2O, respectively. The greatest inhibition of HL-60 cell proliferation was exhibited by the chloroform extract of bark obtained by soxhlet method (CSB) with the IC50 of 5.0 μg/ml. The findings suggested that the chloroform extracts of Q. borneensis possess antiinflammatory, antioxidant and antiproliferative activities.

Mediastinal teratoma is an infrequent germ cell tumour and comprises of 1 to 5% of all mediastinal tumours. We report a case of mediastinal mature teratoma in a 12 year old boy who presented to us with persistent non-productive cough, fever and dyspnoea for the past 7 months. Computed tomographic scan of thorax revealed a large anterior mediastinal mass measuring 11.2x9.9x14cm with calcification within. He subsequently underwent a median sternotomy with left subcostal extension (L-incision) and excision of tumour. Histopathology of the tumour revealed a mature cystic teratoma. We would like to report a case of successful surgical management of a large mediastinal mature teratoma in a child.
Mediastinal Cyst