Objective This study aimed to explore the expression trends of innate immune cells and immune-checkpoint molecules validated by data calculation in the process of oral mucosal carcinogenesis,as well as to explore methods of suppressing oral mucosal carcinogenesis based on immunotherapy by predicting their interactions.Me-thods 1)The cancer genome atlas(TCGA)database comprehensively scores immune cells and immune-checkpoint molecules in the process of oral mucosal carcinogenesis and screens out intrinsic immune cells and immune-check-point molecules that interfere with tumor immune escape.2)Clinical patient blood routine data were collected for the statistical analysis of peripheral blood immune cells during the progression of oral mucosal carcinogenesis.Immune cells in peripheral blood that may affect the progression of oral mucosal carcinogenesis were screened.3)Immunohis-tochemical staining was performed on intrinsic immune cells and immune-checkpoint molecules validated based on da-ta calculation in various stages of oral mucosal carcinogenesis.4)Special staining was used to identify innate immune cells in various stages of oral mucosal carcinogenesis based on data-calculation verification.5)Survival analysis was conducted on intrinsic immune cells and immune-checkpoint molecules validated based on data calculation during the process of oral mucosal carcinogenesis.The association of intrinsic immune cells and immune-checkpoint molecules with the prognosis of oral squamous cell carcinoma was verified.Results The expression of monocytes and neutro-phils increased during the process of oral mucosal carcinogenesis.The expression of eosinophils showed a single peak trend of up and down.The expression of mast cells decreased.In the process of oral mucosal carcinogenesis,the ex-pression of the immune-checkpoint molecules cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4(CTLA4)and programmed cell death-ligand(PD-L1)increased.The expression trends of monocytes,neutrophils,and eosinophils were positively correlated with those of CTLA4 and PD-L1 immune-checkpoint molecules.The expression trend of mast cells was negatively correlated with the expression of CTLA4 and PD-L1.Monocytes,neutrophils,and eosinophils may pro-mote tumor immune escape mediated by CTLA4 and/or PD-L1,thereby accelerating the progression of oral mucosal carcinogenesis.Mast cells may inhibit tumor immune escape mediated by CTLA4 and/or PD-L1,delaying the progres-sion of oral mucosal carcinogenesis.Conclusion Therefore,interference with specific immune cells in innate immu-nity can regulate the expression of CTLA4 and/or PD-L1 to a certain extent,inhibit tumor immune escape,and delay the progression of oral mucosal carcinogenesis.

Objective To investigate the expression levels and clinical significance of differentially expressed microRNAs(miRNAs)based on high-throughput sequencing in patients with left ventricular hypertrophy(LVH)and their possible regulatory mechanisms.Methods The miRNA sequencing was performed on plasma samples from 4 LVH patients and 4 healthy volunteers,and qRT-PCR validation was performed on plasma samples from 25 healthy volunteers and 35 LVH patients.The target genes of the obtained differentially expressed miRNA were predicted.The molecular function(MF),biological process(BP)and cellular components(CC)of these miRNAs were predicted by the Gene Ontology(GO)enrichment analysis,and their signal pathways were predicted by the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes analysis.Meanwhile,the protein-protein interaction network was constructed.The diagnostic values of 2 differentially expressed miRNAs(hsa-miR-942-5p and hsa-miR-184)in LVH were analyzed by the area under the receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve(AUCROC).Results A total of 945 differentially expressed miRNAs were identified,of which 1 and 9 were observed to be significantly upregulated and downregulated,respectively.The expression levels of hsa-miR-942-5p and hsa-miR-184 were verified by qRT-PCR to be significantly downregulated.The AUCROC of hsa-miR-942-5p and hsa-miR-184 were 0.694 6 and 0.880 4,respectively.Bioinformatics analysis revealed that the target genes were mainly enriched in the cell senescence,sphingolipid metabolism,and TGF-β,p53,and diabetic metabolism related signaling pathways.Conclusion The expression levels of hsa-miR-942-5p and hsa-miR-184 in plasma of LVH patients are significantly decreased,suggesting that they have good diagnostic potential.

Humans ; Aortic Valve/surgery* ; Retrospective Studies ; Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement ; Sex Factors ; Heart Valve Prosthesis Implantation ; Treatment Outcome ; China ; Aortic Valve Stenosis/surgery* ; Risk Factors ; Risk Assessment

Humans ; Retrospective Studies ; Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement/adverse effects* ; Risk Assessment ; China ; Prognosis ; Aortic Valve Stenosis/surgery* ; Treatment Outcome ; Risk Factors ; Aortic Valve

Objective    To investigate the perioperative efficacy and safety of all-port robotic lobectomy versus thoracoscopic lobectomy in stageⅠA non-small cell lung cancer. Methods    The clinical data of patients with stageⅠA non-small cell lung cancer who underwent lobectomy with lymph node dissection performed by the same operator in our center from June 2019 to June 2022 were retrospectively analyzed. The patients were divided into a robotic group and a thoracoscopic group according to different procedures. We compared the relevant indexes such as operation time, intraoperative bleeding, number of lymph node dissection stations, number of lymph node dissection, postoperative tube time, postoperative hospitalization time, closed chest drainage volume, postoperative pain, postoperative complications and hospitalization cost between the two groups. Results    There were 83 patients in the robotic group, including 34 males and 49 females with a median age of 60.0 (53.0, 67.0) years, and 94 patients in the thoracoscopic group, including 36 males and 58 females with a median age of 60.5 (54.0, 65.3) years. There was no conversion to thoractomy or death in postoperative 90 days in both groups. No statistical difference was seen in the operation time, total postoperative drainage volume and postoperative complication rates between the two groups (P>0.05). Patients in the robotic group had less intraoperative bleeding (P<0.001), more lymph node dissection stations (P=0.002) and numbers (P=0.005), less postoperative pain (P=0.002), and shorter postoperative time with tubes (P=0.031) and hospital stay (P<0.001). However, the surgery was more expensive in the robotic group (P<0.001). Conclusion    All-port robotic surgery is safe and effective for patients with early-stage non-small cell lung cancer with less intraoperative bleeding, more lymph node dissection, less postoperative pain, and shorter hospital stay compared with the thoracoscopic surgery.

Objective:To analyze the efficacy of vertebroplasty combined with posterior decompression and internal fixation in the treatment of spinal metastases with neurological symptoms.Methods:This study was a retrospective analysis of 32 cases with neurological symptoms caused by spinal metastatic tumor in the Department of Orthopedics, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University from June 2016 to January 2022. All 32 patients (20 males, 12 females) aged between 39 to 85 years were enrolled in this study, with a mean age of (64.8±11.9) years. Surgery time, bleeding volume, modified Tokuhashi score, spinal instability neoplastic score (SINS) were collected. The visual analogue score (VAS), Oswestry disability index (ODI), Karnofsky performance scale (KPS) and American spinal cord injury association (ASIA) score before surgery, 1 month after surgery, 3 months after surgery and 6 months after surgery were collected and analyzed. Measurement data with normal distribution were represented as mean±standard deviation( ± s), and the comparison before and after surgery was conducted using repeated-measures analysis of variance test. Measurement data with skewed distribution were represented as M( Q1, Q3). Results:All 32 patients were followed up for 6 months. The operation time was (209.6±49.0) min, and the blood loss was (462.9±298.3) mL. 14 patients(43.8%) were treated with blood transfusion. The modified Tokuhashi score was 8.09±2.89, and the SINS was 8.81±1.97. The VAS score before surgery, postoperative 1, 3, 6 months were 7.47±0.98, 3.87±0.87, 2.91±0.73 and 2.34±0.60, respectively. ODI score before surgery, postoperative 1, 3, 6 months were 79.13±9.50, 39.14±6.31, 34.43±6.42 and 31.08±4.80, respectively. KPS score before surgery, postoperative 1, 3, 6 months were 49.69±14.70, 64.68±15.02, 71.88±12.81 and 75.63±10.76, respectively. The ASIA grading at 6 months follow-up was improved compared to preoperative baseline. Postoperative complications occurred in 4 cases, including nerve root injury (1 case), bone cement leakage in paravertebral soft tissue (1cases), bone cement leakage in paravertebral vein(1case) and acute thoracic epidural hematoma (1case).Conclusion:Vertebroplasty combined with posterior decompression and internal fixation can effectively relieve pain, relieve the compression of spinal cord and nerve, recover nerve functions, and improve the quality of life of patients with spinal metastatic tumor.

Objective: To evaluate the association between autoimmune diseases (ADs) and thyroid dysfunction using a Mendelian randomization (MR) approach. Methods: Genetic predictors of hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism were collected through the UK Biobank, including 337 159 individuals and 10 894 596 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). Genetic predictors of 6 ADs including systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), ankylosing spondylitis (AS), type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM), rheumatoid arthritis (RA), primary biliary cholangitis (PBC), and multiple sclerosis (MS) were collected through the GWAS Catalog database, including 14 267 individuals and 7 071 163 SNPs, 22 647 individuals and 99 962 SNPs, 24 840 individuals and 12 783 129 SNPs, 58 284 individuals and 13 108 512 SNPs, 13 239 individuals and 1 124 241 SNPs, and 38 589 individuals and 156 632 SNPs. MR analysis was performed using the inverse-variance weighted (IVW) method. The horizontal pleiotropy was assessed using the MR-Egger regression, and sensitivity analysis was conducted with the leave-one-out. Results: IVW results showed that a higher risk of hypothyroidism was associated with T1DM (OR=1.007, 95%CI: 1.003-1.011, P<0.05), SLE (OR=1.005, 95%CI: 1.002-1.009, P<0.05), and RA (OR=1.013, 95%CI: 1.009-1.016, P<0.05); a higher risk of hyperthyroidism was associated with T1DM (OR=1.002, 95%CI: 1.001-1.003, P<0.05) and SLE (OR=1.002, 95%CI: 1.001-1.003, P<0.05). Conclusions Genetically predicted ADs are associated with an increased risk of thyroid dysfunction. A higher risk of hypothyroidism is associated with T1DM, SLE and RA; a higher risk of hyperthyroidism is associated with T1DM and SLE.

The healing process after skin injury is a dynamic process of interaction between various cells, cytokines, and extracellular matrix. Fibrosis is one of the main ways of skin injury repair. The process of fibrosis involves the regulation of many factors. Studies have shown that nerve regeneration-related protein (NREP) plays a key role in the fibrosis of skin tissue and organs. Based on the mechanism of skin fibrosis, this paper discusses the construction of tertiary structure of NREP, summarizes the effects of NREP and different cells in the skin on skin fibrosis and the research progress of mechanism of NREP in skin fibrosis, thus providing new ideas for the treatment of skin fibrosis diseases.

Objective: To investigate the prevalence of anemia among students aged 6-15 years old participated in the Nutrition Improvement Program for Rural Compulsory Education Program in 2012-2021 in Hunan Province, and to explore associated factors. Methods: A cluster random sampling method was used. The survey was conducted among compulsory education students who came from counties in Hunan Province where nutrition improvement plan and key surveillance were carried out. Height and weight were measured, hemoglobin, dietary habits and health knowledge were collected. Results: Since the implementation of nutrition improvement plan in 2012, the anemia rate decreased from 12.8% to 9.3%, the average hemoglobin content decreased from 133.9 g/L to 130.0 g/L. The proportion of students eating meat every day increased from 20.4% to 47.3%. Students eating three or more servings of table tennis ball size of meal increased from 21.4% to 47.3%. The proportion of students eating more than three kinds of vegetables per day was 39.1% in 2016 and 32.6% in 2019, and less than 30% in other years. The proportion of students eating three or more servings of table tennis ball size of vegetables increased from 19.5% to 39.6%, and the proportion of students eating snack less than once a day increased from 13.1% to 76.9%. The proportion of students drinking beverages less than once a day increased from 36.5% to 90.7%. Girls, older than 12 years, not eating meat every day, and who eat less than 1 serving of table tennis ball size of meat, eat less than 3 servings of table tennis ball size of vegetables and fruit at one time, and who eat less than 3 kinds of vegetables every day, and those who grow slowly had higher risk of anemia. Potential factors of anemia in students varied by survey year. Conclusion The implementation of the compulsory education has improved the nutritional status of compulsory education students in rural areas of Hunan Province, but anemia still occurs. Potential factors associated with childhood anemia are changing. Child health literacy education should adapt to the changing social and economic enviornment, as well as lifestyles. Targeted and appropriate nutritional education and intervention are greatly needed.

Physical exercise can accompany with risks, such as repeated blows to the head, causing mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI), and mTBI will cause continuous cognitive, behavioral and mental problems, bring neurodegeneration and ultimately lead to chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE). However, this regular exercise can also be used as a neuroprotective agent against cognitive decline in the brain and affect the plasticity of the brain. Regular exercise can improve the brain learning, memory, recognition and the disease process of CTE by reducing abnormal protein accumulation, promoting neurogenesis, synapse formation, increasing synaptic plasticity and angiogenesis, improving microcirculation, anti-microinflammation and oxidative stress, and promoting mental health. This review analyzes the pathological changes and mechanism of CTE and explore the mechanism of regular exercise in improving neurological function after CTE, so as to provide new ideas for CTE rehabilitation.