Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM), as a treasure of the Chinese nation, plays a significant role in maintaining public health. In 2019, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the State Council proposed for the first time the establishment of a TCM registration and evaluation evidence system that integrates TCM theory, "personal experience" and clinical trials (referred to as the "Three-in-One" System) to promote the inheritance and innovation of TCM. Subsequently, the National Medical Products Administration issued several guiding principles to advance the improvement and implementation of this system. Owing to the complexity of its implementation, there are still differing understandings within the TCM industry regarding the positioning of the "Three-in-One" Registration and Evaluation Evidence System, as well as the connotation and value orientation of the "personal experience." To address this, Academician WANG Qi, President of the TCM Association, China International Exchange and Promotion Association for Medical and Healthcare and TCM master, led a group of academicians, TCM masters, TCM pharmacology experts and clinical TCM experts to convene a "Seminar on Promoting the Implementation of the ′Three-in-One′ Registration and Evaluation Evidence System for Chinese Medicinals." Through extensive discussions, an expert consensus was formed, clarifying the different roles of the TCM theory, "personal experience" and clinical trials within the system. It was further emphasized that the "personal experience" is the core of this system, and its data should be derived from clinical practice scenarios. In the future, the improvement of this system will require collaborative efforts across multiple fields to promote the high-quality development of the Chinese medicinal industry.

It is found that medicinal and food homologous Chinese materia medica such as Astragali Radix, Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma, Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium, Citri Fructus, Citri Sarcodactylis Fructus, Citri Exocarpium Rubrum, Curcumae Longae Rhizoma, Gardeniae Fructus, Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, Puerariae Lobatae Radix, Portulacae Herba, Lycii Fructus and Piperis Longi Fructus have significant effects on the prevention and treatment of diabetic cardiomyopathy. Active components, including Astragalus polysaccharide, Astragalus agaloside, ginsenoside Rb1, ginsenoside Rg1 and naringin can prevent and treat myocardial damage in diabetes mellitus through mechanisms of anti-inflammation, anti-oxidative stress, inhibition of apoptosis, regulation of autophagy, anti-fibrosis, and regulation of energy metabolism, etc.

Auditory neuropathy spectrum disorder (ANSD) represents a variety of sensorineural deafness conditions characterized by abnormal inner hair cells and/or auditory nerve function, but with the preservation of outer hair cell function. ANSD represents up to 15% of individuals with hearing impairments. Through mutation screening, bioinformatic analysis and expression studies, we have previously identified several apoptosis-inducing factor (AIF) mitochondria-associated 1 (AIFM1) variants in ANSD families and in some other sporadic cases. Here, to elucidate the pathogenic mechanisms underlying each AIFM1 variant, we generated AIF-null cells using the clustered regularly interspersed short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/CRISPR-associated protein 9 (Cas9) system and constructed AIF-wild type (WT) and AIF-mutant (mut) (p.‍T260A, p.‍R422W, and p.‍R451Q) stable transfection cell lines. We then analyzed AIF structure, coenzyme-binding affinity, apoptosis, and other aspects. Results revealed that these variants resulted in impaired dimerization, compromising AIF function. The reduction reaction of AIF variants had proceeded slower than that of AIF-WT. The average levels of AIF dimerization in AIF variant cells were only 34.5%‍‒‍49.7% of that of AIF-WT cells, resulting in caspase-independent apoptosis. The average percentage of apoptotic cells in the variants was 12.3%‍‒‍17.9%, which was significantly higher than that (6.9%‍‒‍7.4%) in controls. However, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH) treatment promoted the reduction of apoptosis by rescuing AIF dimerization in AIF variant cells. Our findings show that the impairment of AIF dimerization by AIFM1 variants causes apoptosis contributing to ANSD, and introduce NADH as a potential drug for ANSD treatment. Our results help elucidate the mechanisms of ANSD and may lead to the provision of novel therapies.
Humans ; Apoptosis Inducing Factor/metabolism* ; NAD/metabolism* ; Dimerization ; Apoptosis

Auditory neuropathy spectrum disorder (ANSD) represents a variety of sensorineural deafness conditions characterized by abnormal inner hair cells and/or auditory nerve function, but with the preservation of outer hair cell function. ANSD represents up to 15％ of individuals with hearing impairments. Through mutation screening, bioinformatic analysis and expression studies, we have previously identified several apoptosis-inducing factor (AIF) mitochondria-associated 1 (AIFM1) variants in ANSD families and in some other sporadic cases. Here, to elucidate the pathogenic mechanisms underlying each AIFM1 variant, we generated AIF-null cells using the clustered regularly interspersed short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/CRISPR-associated protein 9 (Cas9) system and constructed AIF-wild type (WT) and AIF-mutant (mut) (p.T260A, p.R422W, and p.R451Q) stable transfection cell lines. We then analyzed AIF structure, coenzyme-binding affinity, apoptosis, and other aspects. Results revealed that these variants resulted in impaired dimerization, compromising AIF function. The reduction reaction of AIF variants had proceeded slower than that of AIF-WT. The average levels of AIF dimerization in AIF variant cells were only 34.5％?49.7％ of that of AIF-WT cells, resulting in caspase-independent apoptosis. The average percentage of apoptotic cells in the variants was 12.3％?17.9％, which was significantly higher than that (6.9％?7.4％) in controls. However, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH) treatment promoted the reduction of apoptosis by rescuing AIF dimerization in AIF variant cells. Our findings show that the impairment of AIF dimerization by AIFM1 variants causes apoptosis contributing to ANSD, and introduce NADH as a potential drug for ANSD treatment. Our results help elucidate the mechanisms of ANSD and may lead to the provision of novel therapies.

This article summarized the overview of diagnosis related groups (DRGs), the necessity of comprehensively popularizing and applying DRGs in specialized hospitals and general hospitals, the different methods and effects of nursing human resource allocation based on DRGs in specialized hospitals and general hospitals at home and abroad, and analyzed the different challenges and opportunities faced by DRGs in the implementation of human resource allocation in two types of hospitals. According to the types and characteristics of hospitals, this paper put forward some corresponding suggestions and prospects for the future, such as intelligent human resource prediction system and the construction of information sharing platform, so as to provide reference for the comprehensive promotion of DRGs in different types of hospitals in China.

Objective To analyze the patients′ psychological resilience level of postpartum pelvic floor dysfunction and to explore the influencing factors, in order to provide the scientific basis for patients′psychological intervention. Methods A cross-sectional survey was conducted on 208 patients of postpartum pelvic floor dysfunction by using the Connor-Davidson Resilience scale(CD-RISC), Positive and Negative Affective scales(PANAS) and Medical Coping Modes questionnaire(MCMQ, which includes "confrontation","acceptance-resignation"and"avoidance"). Results The score of psychological resilience of 208 patients was (53.64 ± 12.29)points, differences in age, family monthly income, living locations, delivery methods and delivery times reached a statistically significant level(F=15.287,5.731,t=-2.571,-15.911,-2.922,all P<0.05). Patients′psychological resilience level had significant positive correlation with positive emotions(P<0.01)and"confrontation",and it had negative correlation with"acceptance-resignation"(P<0.01).Age,living locations, delivery methods, positive emotions and "acceptance- resignation" are the forecast factors of psychological resilience, which can explain 69.6% of total variation. Conclusions Patients of postpartum pelvic floor dysfunction have low levels of psychological resilience, which associated with positive emotions and medical coping modes. Therefore, nursing staffs should pay attentions to the patients′ psychological status, develop individualized psychological guidelines,implement psychological intervention and health education,in order to improve the level of patients′resilience and improve their living quality.

Objective To systematically evaluate the effectiveness of different nursing interventions for female overactive bladder, and to provide evidence- based evidence for nursing intervention for overactive bladder in women. Methods PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, ScienceDirect and CNKI,Wanfang database and CBM comprehensively by computer and included in the literature of nursing intervention for female overactive bladder patients. Results Four randomized controlled trials were included, a total of 426 participants were in, the intervention group was 214 participants, control group was 212 participants, the results of the study showed that pelvic floor muscle training,health education,psychological nursing intervention can improve patients with overactive bladder symptoms and enhance the quality of life. Conclusion Nursing intervention for women with overactive bladder is an effective way to control symptoms such as frequent micturition and urgency,improve bladder overactivity symptoms and enhance quality of life.

Cardiovascular disease has become a major health problem facing human beings, and it is also the leading cause of death world wide.Now Cardiovascular disease risk factors have been found and many new complex risk factors (such as sleep, atmospheric pollution, social psychological factors, cortisol, C-reactiveprotein, homocysteine, age at menarche etc.) are put forward, which let people have a deeper understanding. In this paper, the recent advances in cardiovascular disease risk factors and influence mechanism are reviewed, so as to provide basis and support for cardiovascular disease in prevention, treatment and nursing.

Subjective well-being,a comprehensive psychological index for evaluating the quality of life,is closely related to the physical and mental health of the elderly.At present,the mainly Methods for measuring subjective well-being in the elderly is scale. Subjective well-being assessment scales include generic scales and specific scales.Domestic elderly subjective well-being scales commonly imported from abroad.Specific scales for elderly are less in mainland China.This article will review the current research status for subjective well-being assessment scales in the elderly, in order to strengthen the localization research of specific scales and further provides reference for the clinical research of this topic.

The cardiovascular disease has become one of the important chronic health problems for humans. At present, the research on the traditional risk factors of cardiovascular disease has been studied from the relevance to the mechanism. In this paper, the recent progress of the traditional risk factors of CVD and the impact mechanism are reviewed in order to provide a basis for the prevention, treatment and nursing of cardiovascular diseases.