Objective:To analyze the temporal trends of the incidence rate of tuberculosis (TB) in Shaanxi Province and provide a reference for WHO to control the prevalence of TB effectively.Methods:Joinpoint regression was used to analyze the trend of the incidence rate of TB in Shaanxi Province from 2004 to 2022, and the seasonal autoregressive moving average model was used to forecast the incidence rate of TB in Shaanxi Province to 2030.Results:The incidence rate of TB in Shaanxi Province decreased from 90.896/100 000 in 2004 to 35.364/100 000 in 2022, showing a general downward trend (AAPC=-7.72%, P<0.001). From 2014 to 2019, the reduction trend slowed down (APC=-0.69%, P=0.814), of which the largest decline occurred from 2019 to 2022 (APC=-13.26%, P=0.010). The predicted incidence rate of TB in Shaanxi Province from 2020 to 2022 was higher than the reported incidence rate, with the expected incidence rate of 51.342/100 000 in 2022 and 43.468/100 000 in 2030. Conclusion:The incidence rate of TB in Shaanxi Province shows a downward trend from 2004 to 2022, but the decline has shrunk in recent years. It is predicted that the downward trend will continue to slow down by 2030.

Objective:To analyze the temporal trends of the incidence rate of tuberculosis (TB) in Shaanxi Province and provide a reference for WHO to control the prevalence of TB effectively.Methods:Joinpoint regression was used to analyze the trend of the incidence rate of TB in Shaanxi Province from 2004 to 2022, and the seasonal autoregressive moving average model was used to forecast the incidence rate of TB in Shaanxi Province to 2030.Results:The incidence rate of TB in Shaanxi Province decreased from 90.896/100 000 in 2004 to 35.364/100 000 in 2022, showing a general downward trend (AAPC=-7.72%, P<0.001). From 2014 to 2019, the reduction trend slowed down (APC=-0.69%, P=0.814), of which the largest decline occurred from 2019 to 2022 (APC=-13.26%, P=0.010). The predicted incidence rate of TB in Shaanxi Province from 2020 to 2022 was higher than the reported incidence rate, with the expected incidence rate of 51.342/100 000 in 2022 and 43.468/100 000 in 2030. Conclusion:The incidence rate of TB in Shaanxi Province shows a downward trend from 2004 to 2022, but the decline has shrunk in recent years. It is predicted that the downward trend will continue to slow down by 2030.

Objective To investigate the correlations between the soluble form of B7-H3 ( sB7-H3) and the cytokines of IL-17 and IL-8 in serum samples from patients with primary hepatocellular carcino-ma ( HCC) and to evaluate their clinical values for early diagnosis of HCC.Methods Serum samples were collected from 63 patients with HCC and 50 healthy subjects.The expression of sB7-H3, IL-17 and IL-8 in serum samples were detected by ELISA.Receiver operating characteristic ( ROC) curve was generated to an-alyze the diagnostic values of sB7-H3, IL-17 and IL-8 for hepatoma.The logistic regression model was used to predict the probability of hepatoma by using sB7-H3, IL-17 and IL-8 in combination.Results The levels of sB7-H3, IL-17 and IL-8 in serum samples collected from the patients with HCC were significantly higher than those from healthy subjects.A positive correlation was found between the levels of sB7-H3 and IL-17 in serum samples from patients with HCC.No correlation was found between sB7-H3 and IL-8.A negative cor-relation was found between the levels of IL-17 and IL-8 in serum samples from patients with HCC.ROC curve analysis showed that the area under the curve (AUC) of sB7-H3, IL-17 and IL-8 were 0.832, 0.657 and 0.953, respectively, indicating the statistical significance of them for the diagnosis of HCC.The logistic regression showed that the AUC, diagnostic sensitivity and specificity of the regression model PRE in the pre-diction of HCC were 0.960, 91.30% and 94.29%, respectively, which was much better than using the three indicators alone.Conclusion The levels of sB7-H3 were positively correlated to the levels of IL-17 in serum samples from patient with HCC.The logistic regression model of combination of sB7-H3, IL-17 and IL-8 obtained in this study could be used for early clinical diagnosis of HCC in the future.

BACKGROUND:There are many reports about clinical effect of femoral fractures with intramedul ary nail and distal femoral fractures with locking plate. However, there is less report about clinical effect of femoral and distal femoral fractures.
OBJECTIVE:To investigate the clinical effect of femoral and distal femoral fractures using intramedul ary nail combined with locking plate.
METHODEighteen patients with femoral and distal femoral fractures were treated by internal fixation with intramedul ary nail combined with locking plate. Among them, six cases had femoral and supracondylar fractures, seven cases had femoral and condylar fractures, and five cases had femoral and intercondylar fractures.
According to the AO classification, three cases were type 33A2, three cases were type 33A3, two cases were type 33B1, five cases were type 33B2, one case was type 33C1, three cases were type 33C2, and one case was type 33C3. The fractures union and complications were fol owed up and observed, and knee joint function was judged by HSS score.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Al the 18 patients were fol owed up for 12-24 months. The time for fracture union ranged from 3 to 5 months, average 3.4 months. No infection and disunion, no fracture malunion, no internal fixation loosening and breaking, no refracture happened. The HSS score ranged from 68 to 96 points, average 86.8 points. There were 12 excellent cases, 5 good cases, and 1 common case. The excellent and good rate was 94.4%. The internal fixation using intramedul ary nail combined with locking plate is a good method for treatment of femoral and distal femoral fractures, due to less surgical trauma, simple and reliable fixation, high rate of fracture healing, low rate of complications, and excellent function.

Objective To investigate the efficacy and safety of warfarin in the prevention of cerebral infarction in nonvalvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF). Methods One hundred and thirty-six NVAF patients were randomized into warfarin group [receiving adjusted-dose warfarin,international normalized ratio(INR)was 2.0 - 3.0], aspirin group( receiving aspirin 100 mg/d) and control group (treated without anticoagulants )by random digits table. Followed up 18 months, and the main end point events and adverse effect of the three groups were compared. Results In 136 cases,4 cases lost,and 77 cases(58.3%) were male. The mean dose of warfarin was(2.5 ± 1.0) mg. During the follow-up period, main end point events occurred in 12 cases,with 1 case (2.50%, 1/40) in warfarin group, 4 cases(9.52%, 4/42 ) in aspirin group and 7 cases ( 14.00%, 7/50)in control group. There was no significant difference in main end point events among the three groups ( x2 =2.084,P =0.353). But in the patients with 3 or above risk factors,there was significant difference in the survival curve among the three groups ( x2 = 6.404, P = 0.041 ). The incidence rate of bleeding was higher in warfarin group than that in aspirin group,but there was no significant difference [5.00%(2/40) vs. 2.38%(1/42),P ＞ 0.05]. Conclusions Warfarin can improve survival rate especially in the patients with 3 or above risk factors,and the complication of bleeding occurs mostly when INR ＞ 3.0.Under closed monitoring (INR 2.0-3.0),adjusted-dose warfarin is safety and efficacy.

OBJECTIVETo explore low density lipoprotein (LDL) oxidation by macrophage myeloperoxidase (MPO) at molecular level.

METHODSUsing a mouse macrophage model, we examined the relationship between LDL oxidation and macrophage MPO by measuring macrophage MPO activity, LDL oxidation products, MPO gene expression and cellular orientation of LDL oxidation.

RESULTSMPO gene expression increased to its maximum gradually when the concentration of LDL was increased, and then maintained at that level. NaN(3) inhibied the elevation of MPO activity and LDL oxidation, which was LDL concentration-dependent. After the composition of macrophage membrane was roughly analyzed, it was determined that the contents of MPO and LDL in 5% sucrose were 7.667 and 21 times higher than those in 10% sucrose, respectively.

CONCLUSIONLDL is attached to the "microdomain" of the macrophage membrane in which LDL is oxidized by MPO.

Animals ; Lipoproteins, LDL ; metabolism ; Macrophages ; metabolism ; Mice ; Oxidation-Reduction ; Peroxidase ; genetics ; metabolism

Adult ; Aorta, Thoracic ; injuries ; Coronary Vessels ; injuries ; Humans ; Male ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

Objective To investigate the effect of high glucose on the number and proliferation, migration and adhesion of peripheral endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs). Methods Total mononuclear cells (MNCs) were isolated from peripheral blood by Ficoll density gradient centrifugation, and then the cells were plated on fibronectin coated culture dishes. After 7 days of culture, several groups of attached cells were incubated with glucose in a series of concentrations (15, 25, 35, 45mmol/L) for different durations (6, 12, 24 and 48h). EPCs were characterized as adherent cells which were double positive for DiLDL uptake and lectin binding by direct fluorescent staining demonstrated under a laser scanning confocal microscope. EPCs were further documented by demonstrating the expression of KDR, VEGFR 2 and AC133 with flow cytometry. EPCs proliferation, migration and in vitro vasculogenesis activity were assayed with MTT assay, modified Boyden chamber assay and in vitro vasculogenesis kit, respectively. EPCs adhesion assay was performed by replating MNCs on fibronectin coated dishes, and then the adherent cells were counted. Results Incubation of isolated human MNCs with high glucose concentration decreased the number of EPCs, and this effect was most prominant when glucose concentration was 45mmol/L, and incubated for 24 hours (approximately 1 fold decrease, P

AIM: We examined the effect of interleukin- 2 (IL-2) on calcium handlin g of rat cardiomyocytes. METHODS: The effects of steady state an d transient chan ges in stimulus frequency on the intracellular calcium transient were investigat ed in the isolated ventricular myocytes with spectrofluorometry technique. RESULTS: Under the steady state (0.2 Hz), IL-2 at 2?10 5 U/L decr eased the peak [Ca 2+ ] i and amplitude of the [Ca 2+ ] i transient, increas ed the diastolic calcium level, and prolonged the decay of the calcium transient . At 1.25 mmol/L of extracellular [Ca 2+ ], when increasing the stimulus frequency from 0.2 to 1.0 Hz, diastolic calcium level and peak [Ca 2+ ] i as well as the amplitude of the transient were inc reased. The positive frequency relationship was blunted in the IL-2-treated myoc ytes and this was not normalized by increasing extracellular [Ca 2+ ] t o 2.5 mmol/L . The caffeine induced Ca 2+ release was increased with increase in stimu lus freq uency. IL-2 inhibited the frequency relationship of caffeine induced Ca 2+ releas e. The restitution was not different between control and IL-2 groups at the 1.25 mmol/L of extracellular [Ca 2+ ], which was slowed in IL-2-treated myo cytes when t he extracellular [Ca 2+ ] was increased to 2.5 mmol/L. CONCLUSIO NS: It is concluded that the blunted frequency response of IL-2-treated myocytes was resulted from the decrease in SR Ca 2+ release, which was related to depression of SR funct ion. Despite the evidence of depressed SR Ca 2+ uptake, the restitution o f ca lcium transient at 1.25 mmol/L of extracellular [Ca 2+ ] remains uncha nged, which maybe due to the increase in the Na +/Ca 2+ exchanger activi ty.

AIM: To evaluate effects of diltiazem on platelet hyperreactivity in situations associated with endothelial injury and their possible relationship to cytosolic calcium concentration. METHODS: Blood samples were collected at 7 time points from 35 patients undergoing percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA) who received combined diltiazem and aspirin/ticlopidine therapy or aspirin/ticlopidine therapy alone. Platelet expression of glycoprotein Ⅱb/Ⅲa and cytosolic calcium concentration were measured, respectively, by whole blood flow cytometry and fluorospectrophotometry. The effects of diltiazem of different concentrations on expression of glycoprotein Ⅱb/Ⅲa were also studied in vitro in blood samples from patients with chronic stable angina. RESULTS: Of the two treatments, aspirin/ticlopidine therapy did not prevent an acute increase of expression of glycoprotein Ⅱb/Ⅲa 5 minutes and 10 minutes after first inflation and 10 minutes after PTCA, whereas combined diltiazem and aspirin/ticlopidine therapy had a significant inhibitory effect. In the group receiving aspirin/ticlopidine therapy, there was a short-term elevation of platelet [Ca~(2+)]i immediately following PTCA which was significantly reduced by diltiazem treatment. Expression of glycoprotein Ⅱb/Ⅲa was significantly inhibited in vitro by diltiazem in the concentration of 200 ?g/L or higher, but not 50 ?g/L. CONCLUSIONS: Combined diltiazem and aspirin/ticlopidine therapy significantly inhibited platelet activation that continued in the presence of conventional aspirin/ticlopidine treatment. Antiplatelet effects of diltiazem were probably a consequence of reduction of platelet [Ca~(2+)]i and may only be achieved in higher than therapeutic concentrations. [