Objective:To investigate the characteristics of resting energy expenditure (REE) in children with cerebral palsy (CP) graded with different levels of Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS), and to evaluate the accuracy and association of commonly used REE prediction formulas in children with CP.Methods:It was a retrospective study involving 36 children with CP aged 24-144 months who visited the Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University between September 2021 and August 2022.REE was measured by the indirect calorimetry.Based on the GMFCS, children with CP were divided into grade Ⅰ-Ⅱ group (20 cases), grade Ⅲ group (6 cases) and grade Ⅳ-Ⅴ group(10 cases). During the same period, 11 age-matched healthy children were included in control group.The measured REE (MREE) between children with CP and healthy controls was compared.Predicted REE (PREE) calculated by the Harris-Benedict, WHO, Schofield-W, Schofield-WH and Oxford prediction formulas were compared with MREE in children for their consistency and correlation.Independent samples were analyzed using t-test or Mann- Whitney U test, and categorical data were analyzed using Chi- square test.Using paired t-test and Pearson linear correlation analysis to analyze the correlation between MREE and PREE.The accuracy of PREE values calculated by different formulas was assessed using the root mean square error. Results:The MREE in control group and children with CP were (952.18±270.56) kcal/d and (801.81±201.89) kcal/d, respectively.There was no significant difference in the MREE between grade Ⅰ-Ⅱ group versus control group[(868.30±194.81) kcal/d vs.(952.18±270.56) kcal/d, P>0.05], and grade Ⅲ group versus control group [(813.17±192.48) kcal/d vs.(952.18±270.56) kcal/d, P>0.05]. The MREE was significantly lower in grade Ⅳ-Ⅴ group than that of control group [666.00(513.50, 775.50) kcal/d vs.(952.18±270.56) kcal/d, P=0.011]. There were no significant difference between MREE and PREEs calculated by Harris-Benedict, WHO, Schofield-W, Schofield-WH, and Oxford (all P>0.05). The correct classification fraction calculated by the 5 formulas were 33.3%, 47.2%, 41.7%, 47.2%, and 41.7%, respectively.The r values of the consistency of PREE calculated by the 5 formulas were 0.585, 0.700, 0.703, 0.712, and 0.701, respectively.The Blande-Altman Limits of Agreement were (-297.77, 359.22), (-245.60, 326.94), (-250.62, 316.05), (-242.22, 177.36) and (-241.28, 325.81), respectively.The clinically acceptable range was -80.18 to 80.18 kcal/d.The root mean square error were 168.09 kcal/d, 149.64 kcal/d, 146.24 kcal/d, 144.23 kcal/d and 148.77 kcal/d, respectively. Conclusions:The MREE values decreased significantly in children with CP classified as CMFCS grade Ⅳ and Ⅴ.When REE cannot be regularly monitored by indirect calorimetry to develop nutritional support programs, children with CP may be prioritized to estimate REE using the prediction formula of Schofield-WH.

Objective:To explore the differences in intravascular ultrasound results in elderly coronary heart disease(CHD)patients with different uric acid levels.Methods:A total of 145 elderly patients diagnosed with CHD in our hospital from December 2017 to May 2020 were included as study subjects.Uric acid levels were measured and intravascular ultrasound examination was conducted in all patients.They were divided into different groups based on uric acid levels: Group A(uric acid≤199 μmol/L), Group B(uric acid 200~399 μmol/L)and Group C(uric acid≥400 μmol/L). Data from intravascular ultrasound-derived indexes were analyzed and compared between the three groups.Results:There was no significant difference in the degree of left main stenosis between Group A and Group B, but it was less severe in both groups than in Group C( F=5.625, P=0.039). Plaque fibrous cap thickness showed no significant difference between Group B and Group C, but it was smaller than in Group A( F=7.825, P=0.020). Group C had the largest plaque area and maximum thickness among the three groups, followed by Group B[(11.12±1.73)mm 2 and(1.76±0.24)mm]and Group A[(8.29±3.14)mm 2 and(1.38±0.09)mm]( F=6.384 and 6.827, P=0.028 and 0.015). Conclusions:Elevated uric acid levels in elderly CHD patients can increase the area and thickness of plaques, and reduce plaque fibrous cap thickness, leading to an increased risk of formation of unstable plaques, which can be life-threatening for these patients.Thus, monitoring and managing uric acid levels should be stressed in elderly CHD patients.

Objective To explore the role of cerebrospinal fluid chimerism in central nervous relapse surveillance for patients of acute leukemia after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT).Methods The follow-up data were retrospectively collected and analyzed in 104 patients with acute leukemia after allo-HSCT.Comparisons were made between patients with complete chimerism and mixed chimerism in cerebrospinal fluid.The role of recipient DNA percentage and its changing trend in predicting central nervous relapse were also explored.Analysis was conducted for determining the risk factors of central nervous relapse.And the effectiveness of prophylaxis with intrathecal injection was also examined.Results The incidence of relapse was higher in patients with mixed chimerism (P＜0.001),high percentage of recipient DNA (P＜0.05) and higher mixed chimerism (P＜0.001).Hyperleukocytosis at an initial diagnosis was a risk factor of central nervous relapse.Whether or not intrathecal injection prophylaxis was applied showed no significant difference in relapsing rate.Conclusions Monitoring cerebrospinal fluid chimerism can effectively help predict central nervous relapse among patients of acute leukemia after allo-HSCT.Yet intrathecal injection prophylaxis failed to benefit recipients.

Objective: To investigate the change in expression of anti-senescence marker protein calmodulin (RGN) in liver tissues of rats with immune hepatic fibrosis, and to observe the effect of compound glutathione inosine injection (CGII) on it. Methods: Rat liver fibrosis model was induced by intraperitoneal injection of porcine serum, and CGII intervention was administered at the appropriate time. Rat liver tissues were stained with HE and Masson. RGN and protein expression at mRNA in liver tissues was detected by fluorescence quantitative PCR and immunohistochemistry. One-way Anova was used for measurement data. LDS test was used for two-way comparison, and pathological semi-quantitative results were analyzed by rank-sum test. Results: The relative expression of RGN mRNA and protein in liver tissue of fibrotic rats was 82.23 ± 15.21 and 12.52 ± 3.23, respectively, which were significantly lower than that of normal rats 176.39 ± 11.35 and 59.23 ± 9.13 (P < 0.01). The degree of liver fibrosis in fibrotic rats after CGII intervention was significantly lower than fibrotic rats. The relative expression of RGN mRNA and protein in the intervention group was 168.78 ± 21.31 and 46.42 ± 4.71, respectively, which were significantly higher than fibrosis and spontaneous recovery group. The difference was statistically significant (P < 0.01). The relative expression of RGN mRNA and protein in the spontaneous recovery group was 86.23 ± 17.16 and 14.34 ± 5.16, which was higher than model group. The difference was not statistically significant (P > 0.05). Conclusion The expression of RGN in liver tissue of rats with hepatic fibrosis induced by porcine serum is decreased, while the expression of RGN increases with the decrease of fibrosis after CGII intervention, suggesting that the protein may play an important role in the development of liver fibrosis.

Objective: To compare the therapeutic effect of different drug in the treatment of schizophrenia in acute stage. Methods: From November 2014 to June 2017, 105 patients with acute schizophrenia admitted in Department of Psychiatry of Taiyuan Psychiatric Hospital and Department of Psychiatry of Jiuzhou Dermatological Hospital of Taiyuan were selected in the study.Seventy-five patients were from the Department of Psychiatry, Taiyuan Psychiatric Hospital.Thirty patients were from the Department of Psychiatry, Jiuzhou Dermatology Hospital.The patients were divided into three groups by random number method, with 35 cases in each group.A group was given amisulpride.B group was given olanzapine.C group was given ziprasidone.The PANSS score (positive symptoms, negative symptoms, mental pathological score), curative effect (cured, significantly improved, invalid), adverse events (EPS, akathisia, nausea, rapid heart beat, blurred vision, orthostatic dizziness, weight gain, total adverse events) in the three groups were observed. Results: After treatment for 2 weeks, the positive symptoms.negative symptoms, mental pathological score in the three groups were significantly decreased (all P<0.05). The positive symptoms.negative symptoms, mental pathological score at corresponding period had no statistically significant differences among the three groups (all P>0.05). There was no statistically significant difference in therapeutic effect among the three groups (P>0.05). The occurrence of EPS of C group was significantly lower than that of B group [14.29%(5/35) vs.40.00%(14/35), χ²=5.851, P<0.05]. The incidence rate of adverse events of C group was significantly lower than that of A group and B group (χ²=5.833, 4.690, all P<0.05). However, there was no statistically significant difference in the occurrence of adverse events between A group and B group(P>0.05). Conclusion Amisulpride, olanzapine and ziprasidone in the treatment of acute phase of schizophrenia has good early reaction control and late curative effect.The adverse events of ziprasidone is significantly less than the other two drugs.But patients adopt which kind of drugs also need to formulate specific solutions according to individual circumstance.

Objective: To investigate the effect and mechanism of XTP4 gene in apoptotic hepatoblastoma HepG2 cell line. Methods: HepG2 cells were transiently transfected with small interfering RNA of XTP4 genes, plasmid pcDNA3.1/myc-His(-) A-XTP4, and hepatitis B virus X protein transactivated x gene 4 (HBX protein trans-activate gene4, XTP4) and their respective negative controls. After 48h, the overexpression and interference expression condition of XTP4 in HepG2 cells were detected by Western blot. HepG2 cells apoptosis was detected by flow cytometry. The expression levels of apoptosis-related proteins P53, Bcl-2, Bax and Caspase-3 in HepG2 cells were detected by Western blot, and Bcl-2/Bax ratio was calculated. The chemiluminescence assay was used to detect activity of caspase-3 in HepG2 cells. The measured data were presented as ( ± s), and independent sample t-test was used for comparison between the two groups. Results: HepG2 cells had successfully achieved the overexpression and interference expression of XTP4 protein. Compared with the control group, the overexpression of XTP4 in HepG2 cells had significantly decreased the number of apoptotic cells (P < 0.05), and increased Bcl-2/Bax (P < 0.05) ratio, but decreased the expression of P53 protein (P < 0.05). The protein expression of Caspase-3 and activity of caspase-3 was decreased (P < 0.05). However, interference with XTP4 expression in HepG2 cells had significantly increased the number of apoptotic cells (P < 0.05) and decreased Bcl-2/Bax (P < 0.05) ratio, but increased the expression of P53 protein (P < 0.05). The protein expression of Caspase-3 and activity of caspase-3 was increased (P<0.05). Conclusion In HepG2 apoptosis XTP4 has inhibitory effect, and its effect on inhibiting HepG2 apoptosis may be achieved by regulating the Bcl-2/Bax ratio, and the P53 protein may be involved.

Objective: To investigate the action and antioxidant effects of CB2 agonist AM-1241 on rat hepatic stellate cell line (HSC-T6). Methods: HSC-T6 was randomly divided into four groups: control group, oxidative stress group, AM-1241 intervention group and AM-1241+AM-630 antagonist group. Survival rate of HSC-T6 was detected by thiazolyl blue assay under 24 h interventions with 0, 20, 50, 80 μmol/L AM-1241 and 0, 10, 20, 30, 40 μmol/L AM-630, respectively. Besides control group, the remaining groups were well cultured in low-glucose DMEM containing 100 mU/L glucose oxidase (GO) for 12 h to prepare the oxidative stress model. Then, AM-1241 intervention group was treated with 50 μmol/L low-glucose DMEM medium. After incubation for 12 h, the AM-1241+AM-630 antagonist group was treated with CB2 antagonist AM-630 (20 μmol/L) for 2 h, and cultured with 50 μmol/L AM-1241 in complete low-glucose medium for 12 h. The optimal drug concentration was selected according to the cell viability considered by the experiment results. Type III collagen (C III) content in the HSC-T6 supernatant was detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Glutathione (GSH) content in HSC-T6 was detected by spectrophotometry. CB2 and heme oxygenase-1(HO-1) in each group of HSC-T6 were detected by western blotting. Results: HSC-T6 proliferation was inhibited in each group of AM-1241 in a concentration-dependent manner (P < 0.05). The inhibition was highest at 80μmol/L, and the cell survival rate was (41.61% ± 3.13%) (P < 0.05). AM-630 concentration group had no significant inhibitory effect on the proliferation of HSC-T6 (P > 0.05). HSC-T6 expressed CB2 receptor in each group. The expression level of CB2 in the AM-1241 intervention group was higher compare with control group (P < 0.05).The expression of Col III were significantly higher in oxidative stress group (P < 0.05) than in control group, and the expression of Col III of AM-1241 intervention group was significantly lower than that in oxidative stress group (P < 0.05). Col III level in AM-1241+AM-630 antagonistic group was significantly higher than that in AM-1241 intervention group (P < 0.05). There was no significant difference between AM-1241+AM-630 antagonistic group and oxidative stress group (P > 0.05). The content of GSH and HO-1 in oxidative stress group was higher (P < 0.05) than control group. The content of GSH and HO-1 in the AM-1241 intervention group was higher compared with oxidative stress group, while content of AM-1241 + AM-630 antagonist group was lower compared to AM-1241 intervention group (P < 0.05), and the differences were not statistically significant for oxidative stress group. Conclusion CB2 agonist AM-1241 can inhibit the proliferation and activation of HSC-T6 and its mechanism may activate the nuclear translocation of Nrf2 binding to HSC-T6, initiating the up-regulation of antioxidant enzymes HO-1 and GSH protein expression, and thus increase the antioxidant effect of HSC-T6.

Objective To compare cognitive ,behavioral ,and psychological symptoms observed in Alzheimer's disease (AD ) and dementia with Lewy body (DLB ) in order to provide helpful information for differential diagnosis. Methods We selected 215 patients with AD (AD group)and 66 patients with DLB(DLB group)to retrospectively analyzed their general information ,family history , and disease history.The Mini-Mental State Examination(MMSE scale)was used to evaluate cognitive abilities and Neuropsychiatric Inventory ( NPI scale ) was used for analysis of behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia in both groups. Results The prevalence of hypertension was higher in the AD group(52.6%,n＝113)than in the DLB group(40%,n＝24)(P＜0.05).The DLB group showed better general cognitive scores ,disorientation scores ,immediate recall scores ,and delayed recall scores than the AD group. Fluctuating cognitive deficiencies and Parkinson's symptoms were more prevalent in the DLB group than in the AD group with 2 patients (0.9%) showing fluctuating cognitive deficiencies in the AD group ,and 19(28.8%)in the DLB group(χ2＝8.580 ,P＝0.003) ;with 26 patients(12.1%)showing Parkinson's symptoms in the AD group and 25(37.9%)in the DLB group(χ2＝ 22.602 ,P＝ 0.000).As to behavioral and psychological symptoms ,the DLB group had higher scores in total NPI ,hallucinations and nighttime abnormal behaviors with 32 patients (14.9%)showing hallucinations and 64 (29.8%)showing nighttime abnormal behaviors in the AD group ;30(46.2%)showing hallucinations and 30 (46.2%)showing nighttime abnormal behaviors in the DLB group (all P ＜ 0.05 ) . Conclusions Hypertension is more prevalent in AD patients. Fluctuating cognitive deficiencies ,Parkinson's symptoms ,hallucinations ,and nighttime abnormal behaviors are prominent manifestations in DLB patients.

Purpose To analyze the hemodynamic characteristics of brain stem in patients with basilar artery hypoplasia (BAH) by magnetic resonance perfusion-weighted imaging (PWI).Materials and Methods According to the inclusion and exclusion criteria,51 patients with BAH were selected as the BAH group,and 79 patients without BAH were selected as the non BAH group.All patients were examined by MRI,3D-TOF and PWI,and magnetic resonance angiography was acquired after the three examinations.The regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF),regional cerebral blood volume (rCBV),regional mean transit time (rMTT) and time to peak (TTP) values of pontine area were measured.Results The rCBF value of the BAH group [(17.10±6.52) ml/(100 g · min)] was significantly lower than that of the non BAH group [(29.06± 13.32) ml/(100 g · min)] (P＜0.05);the rCBV value of the BAH group [(1.41 ±0.26) ml] was significantly lower than that of the non BAH group [(2.62± 0.82) ml] (P＜0.05);the TTP value of the BAH group [(6.14± 1.31) s] was significantly higher than that of the non BAH group [(5.39 ± 1.08) s] (P＜0.05);the rMTT value of the BAH group [(20.78±3.48) s] was significantly higher than that of the non BAH group [(19.01 ±2.39) s] (P＜0.05).TTP was the most sensitive index of cerebral perfusion injury,and the incidence of TTP extension was 41.18％ in the BAH group.Conclusion PWI can detect the abnormal cerebral hemodynamics in patients with BAH,which provides the basis for the timely treatment and prevention of irreversible injury in the ischemic area of the brain.