The coronary artery disease is a frequent severe disease of cardiovascular system in recent years. Meanwhile, lung cancer, with its high morbidity and mortality, is the most frequent malignant tumor of respiratory system in the world. Clinical studies have shown that the incidence of coronary artery disease and lung cancer is high throughout the year, and comorbidities are becoming more common, especially in elderly patients. The incidence of lung cancer and coronary heart disease may be related. This article summarizes the common risk factors (smoking and environmental pollution, fibrinogen, estrogen, and age), and treatment (surgical treatment, neoadjuvant therapy, and targeted therapy) progress of the two diseases, providing a theoretical basis for clinical prevention and treatment.

Objective To understand the composition of death causes of residents in Tianzhu Tibetan Autonomous County,Wuwei City,and to analyze the current situation of life expectancy and life loss of residents,so as to provide evidence for disease control and health promotion.Methods According to the international classification of diseases(ICD-10),the population data and death cause monitoring data of Tianzhu Tibetan Autonomous County in 2021 were analyzed,standardized with the data of the seventh national census,and analyzed with SPSS 21.0 software and life expectancy statistics.Results The crude mortality rate of residents in Tianzhu Tibetan Autonomous County was 642.25/100 000,The male crude mortality(727.12/100 000)rate was higher than the female(553.29/100 000).The overall life expectancy was 79.07 years.The life expectancy in males was 76.77 years and the life expectancy in females was 81.47 years.The first five causes of death were circulatory system(mortality 270.14 per 100,000),nervous system(mortality 159.57 per 100,000),malignant tumor(mortality 101.97 per 100,000),respiratory system(mortality 27.81 per 100,000)and gastrointestinal disease disease(mortality 26.48 per 100,000).The first five places of AYLL were injury and poisoning(24.81 years/person),spirit and blood(15.42 Years/person),infectious diseases(13.06 years/person),malignant tumor(11.78 Years/person)and urogenital diseases(9.94 years/person).Conclusion The highest mortality rate in the 2021 Bairi Tibetan Autonomous County was circulatory system disease,and the major causes of premature death were injury and poisoning.

Objective     To compare the clinical effects of coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) via the left anterior small thoracotomy (LAST) versus lower-end sternal splitting (LESS) approach in the treatment of coronary heart disease. Methods     The patients who underwent LAST CABG in Tianjin Chest Hospital from October 2015 to December 2020 were allocated to an observation group (LAST group), and the patients who underwent LESS CABG at the same period were allocated to a LESS group. Propensity score matching method was applied with a ratio of 1∶1. The baseline data, perioperative data and grafts data were compared between the two groups after matching. Results     Before matching, there were 110 patients in the LAST group, and 206 patients in the LESS group. After matching, there were 110 patients in each group. In the LAST group, there were 83 males and 27 females with an average age of 60.6±8.3 years. In the LESS group, there were 80 males and 30 females with an average age of 61.0±9.6 years. There was no statistical difference in baseline data between the two groups after matching (P>0.05). The hospital stay time (t=2.255, P=0.025) and ventilator using time (t=−2.229, P=0.027) in the LAST group were significantly shorter than those in the LESS group. There were no statistical differences between the two groups in the postoperative hospital stay time, ICU stay time, postoperative left ventricular ejection fraction, postoperative left ventricular end-diastolic diameter, average number of grafts, secondary intubation, secondary thoracotomy, postoperative wound infection, sternal complications, postoperative atrial fibrillation, postoperative pulmonary infection or main adverse cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events (P>0.05). There was no statistical difference in the distribution of target vessels in the anterior descending branch, diagonal branch or posterior descending branch between the two groups (P>0.05). The grafts of the LAST group were significantly more than those of the LESS group in the area of obtuse marginal branch and posterior ventricular branch, and the grafts of the LESS group were significantly more than those of the LAST group in the area of right coronary artery (P<0.05). Post-operative computerized tomography angiography indicated that 1 patient in the LAST group had obtuse marginal branch vein bridge vessel occlusion, and the bridge vessels in the other patients were unobstructed. Conclusion     Minimally invasive CABG via both LAST and LESS approaches is safe and effective. LAST approach can achieve complete revascularization for multi-vessel lesions, and it is safe and reliable, with the advantages of less trauma and aesthetic appearance. However, it requires a certain learning curve of surgical techniques and certain surgical indications.

Objective To evaluate the effects of water body environments on the microbial community of Oncomelania hupensis snails in marshlands of the eastern Dongting Lake where natural extinction of O. hupensis snails are found, so as to explore the correlation between the natural extinction of O. hupensis snails and the microbial community in snails. Methods Snails were caged water bodies in the Qianliang Lake marshland (Qianliang Lake regions) where natural extinction of snails was found and in the Junshan Park marshland (Junshan Park regions) in the eastern Dongting Lake for 30 days, and then all snails were collected and identified for survival or death. DNA sequencing of the fungi and bacteria was performed in snails before and after immersion in waters, and the biodiversity and abundance were analyzed. Results The survival rates of O. hupensis snails were 28.0% (70/250) and 64.8% (162/250) in Qianliang Lake regions and Junshan Park regions 30 days after immersion in waters, respectively (χ² = 81.365, P < 0.01). The number of the fungal community and the biodiversity of the bacterial community were both greater in snails caged in Qianliang Lake regions post-immersion than pre-immersion, and there was a significant difference in the structure of the fungal and bacterial communities. The microbial community with a significant difference included Flavobacteriaceae,which was harmful to O. hupensis snails. Conclusion The water body environment affects the composition of the microbial community in O. hupensis snails in marshlands with natural snail distinction around the eastern Dongting Lake; however, further studies are required to investigate whether the natural distinction of snails is caused by water body environments-induced changes of the microbial spectrum in O. hupensis snails.

Objective To investigate the reasons of natural extinction of Oncomelania hupensis snails by comparing the difference of the water chemical properties between the snail-breeding marshland and non-snail marshland in Eastern Dongting Lake areas. Methods Three adjoining marshlands in Eastern Dongting Lake areas were selected, one was a snail-breeding marshland, the second was a non-snail marshland, and the third was a boundary zone between them. During the periods of water-rising season, wet season and water-falling season, the water samples from the bottom of 0.5 m were collected by the systematic random sampling method (200 m × 200 m grid method). In addition, the water samples below the surface of 0.5 m were also collected in the wet season. The physicochemical indexes of the sampling water were detected. Results According to the Surface Water Environmental Quality Standard (GB 3838–2002), the water quality indicators which were less than the detection limit were Cr, Cd, Zn, Hg, Cu, S－ and CN－ during the three sampling seasons. The pollutants which were slightly higher than Grade III but lower than Grade IV (Hg ≤ 1 μg/L, TP ≤ 0.1 mg/L) were Hg and TP. The pollutants below the Grade III included As and F－. The temperature and pH values were within the Grade III. The oxygen consumption indicators covering DO, COD and BOD in the water-rising season and wet season were within the Grade III, while the value of BOD was beyond the scope of Grade III but was between Grade Ⅳ (≤ 6 mg/L) and Grade V (≤ 10 mg/L) in the water-falling season. The differences of the water pollution indexes between the snail-breeding marshland and non-snail marshland were statistically significant, and these indexes included F－, As and pH in the water-rising season (P < 0.05); pH, BOD and Fat the surface layer in the wet season (P < 0.05); F－ at the bottom in the wet season (P < 0.05); TP and F－ in the water-falling season. Moreover, the above-mentioned indexes in the non-snail marshland of Qianliang Lake were higher than those in the snail-breeding marshland of Junshan Park. Thus, F－ was the only index which had statistical differences in every sampling season, and the concentration of F－ at the non-snail marshland was also higher than that at the snail-breeding marshland. In the water-rising season, the pH value at the non-snail marshland exceeded the suitable range for the growth of snails (6.8 to 7.8). Conclusion In the Eastern Dongting Lake area, the high concentration of F－ and pH of water may be responsible for the natural extinction of O. hupensis snails.

Objective To investigate the predictive values of Kwon's score,Chumbler's score,Age,Atrial Fibrillation,Dysphagia,Sex,Stroke Severity (A2DS2) score,the Preventive ANtibacterial THERapy in Acute Ischemic Stroke (PANTHERIS) score,Acute Ischemic Stroke-Associated Pneumonia Score (AIS-APS),and prestroke Independence,Sex,Age,NIHSS (ISAN) score for stroke-associated pneumonia (SAP) in patients with acute ischemic stroke.Methods The patients with acute ischemic stroke were enrolled retrospectively.They were grouped according to whether to be complicated with SAP or not.The demography and baseline characteristics were compared between the SAP group and the non-SAP group.Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to identify the independent risk factors for SAP.Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were used to compare the predictive values of the 6 kinds of scores for SAP.Results A total of 1 427 patients with acute ischemic stroke were enrolled.Three hundred ninety-five patients (27.7％) complicated with SAP within 7 d after onset.There were significant differences in age,gender,past history (pneumonia,atrial fibrillation,smoking),laboratory tests (white blood cell count ＞11 × 109/L,baseline blood glucose ≥ 11.1 mmol/L),Oxfordshire Community Stroke Project (OCSP) classification,falling at the time of onset,dysphagia,mechanical ventilation and the modifiel Rankin Scale (mRS) score before onset,baseline Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score,baseline National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score and 6 scores between the SAP group and the non-SAP group (all P ＜ 0.05).Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that age (odds ratio [OR] 1.034,95％ confidence interval [CI] 1.019-1.049;P=0.001),white cell count ＞ 11 × 109/L (OR 4.386,95％CI 2.763-6.905;P=0.001),baseline blood glucose ≥ 11.1 mmol/L (OR 1.933,95 ％ CI 1.305-2.864;P =0.001),dysphagia (OR 7.839,95％ CI 4.892-12.563;P =0.001),baseline NIHSS (OR 1.120,95％ CI 1.077-1.165;P =0.001),and baseline GCS score (OR 1.132,95％ CI 1.019-1.257;P =0.021) were the independent risk factors for SAP.The areas under the ROC curves of SAP predicted by the Chumbler's,AIS-APS,A2DS2,ISAN,Kwon's and PANTHERIS scores were 0.830 (95％ CI 0.805-0.855),0.827 (95％ CI 0.802-0.852),0.818 (95％ CI 0.792-0.845),0.788 (95％ CI 0.762-0.814),0.774 (95％CI 0.774-0.803),and 0.727 (95％ CI 0.695-0.758),respectively.There were no significant differences in the area under ROC curves of Chumbler's,A2DS2 and AIS-APS scores between the pairwise comparisons.There were significant differences in the area under ROC curves of the Chumbler's,A2DS2,AIS-APS and ISAN scores between the pairwise comparisons (AIS-APS compared with ISAN:P =0.001;the rests P ＜ 0.001).Conclusions The accuracies of predicting SAP with the Chumbler's,AIS-APS and A2DS2 scores are superior to the ISAN,Known's and PANTHERIS scores,and have higher clinical application value.

Objective To compare the effects of intensive blood pressure (BP) lowering and guideline-recommended standard BP lowering on the early reperfusion and prognosis after intravenous thrombolysis in patients with acute ischemic stroke. Methods This is a randomised controlled trial consisting of 118 consecutive patients who came from Department of Neurology, Nanjing First Hospital from July 2012 to April 2016, accepting intravenous recombinant tissue plasminogen activator thrombolysis with the systolic blood pressure (SBP) being 150-185 mmHg(1 mmHg=0.133 kPa). The patients with ischemic stroke were diagnosed by multi-mode MRI and confirmed to have ischemic penumbra. The SBP of patients randomly assigned to intensive BP lowering group and guideline BP lowering group was maintained in 140-150 mmHg or below 180 mmHg respectively for 72 h and all patients needed to reexamine multi-mode MRI at 24 h. The primary endpoints were the neurologic function at early stage, modified Rankin Scale (mRS) score and the mortality at 90 d;the secondary endpoints were the volume of infarction and hypoperfusion area, the rate of reperfusion, hemorrhagic transformation (HT) and syptomatic intracerebral hemorrhage (sICH). Results Forty-nine cases in intensive BP lowering group and 56 cases in guideline BP lowering group acquired the available images. The volume of infarction was increased both in these two groups, and there was no statistically significant difference in the increased values ((13.21±9.51) cm3 vs (12.95±9.68) cm3). There were no statistically significant differences in the volume of hypoperfusion, reperfusion rate, neurologic function at early stage, the mRS scores and mortality at 90 d, the incidence of sICH except the rate of HT (9.4%, 5/53 vs 23.1%, 15/65, χ2=3.860, P=0.049) between the two groups.Conclusion Early intensive BP-lowering treatment has no adverse effects on the transformation of ischemic penumbra and prognosis after intravenous thrombolysis in patients with acute ischemic stroke and may decrease the the rate of HT in some degree.

Objective To study the influence of early intensive blood pressure (BP) lowering treatment on peri-he?matomal secondary neuronal injury and prognosis after acute intracerebral hemorrhage. Methods A randomised con?trolled trial consisting of 36 consecutive patients within 6 h of intracerebral hemorrhage onset were randomly assigned to intensive BP lowering group and guideline BP lowering group. All patients underwent MR spectroscopy at 72 h and were followed up 90 days. N Acetyl Aspartate/Creatine (NAA/Cr) and lactic acid wave around peri-hematomal at 72 h, neuro?logic function at early stage, and death and/or disability at 90d were compared between these two group. Results Spec?trum lines were obtained from thirty-one patients:14 from intensive BP lowing group and 17 from guideline BP lowering group. There was no significant difference in the percentage declines of NAA/Cr at 72 h between the two groups (13.3%± 4.2% vs. 11.9%± 2.8%, P = 0.308). There was no statistical differences either in neurologic function at 7 d or in death and/or disability at 90 d (P>0.05). Conclusions Early intensive BP-lowering treatment had no role on peri-hematomal secondary neuronal injury and prognosis after acute intracerebral hemorrhage. Further high-quality and large-scale ran?domised controlled trial are necessary to verify this result.

To study chemical constituents contained in roots of Caesalpinia millettii by HPLC. Six homoisoflavonoids were identified by spectroscopic data and physicochemical property as eucomin (1), intricatinol (2), 8-methoxybonducellin (3), bonducellin (4), 8-methoxyisobonducellin (5) and 3-(4-methoxybenzyl) -5, 7-dimethoxychroman-4-one (6). All compounds were separated from the root of this genus for the first time. An antibacterial screening was made on eight monomeric compounds. Among them, 8-methoxyisobonducellin, intricatinol, bergenin, hyperoside and 11-O-galloylbergenin showed a inhibitory effect on Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella Peneumoniae, Beta streptococcus and Aeruginosus bacillus.
Anti-Bacterial Agents ; analysis ; Caesalpinia ; chemistry ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Isoflavones ; analysis ; pharmacology ; Microbial Sensitivity Tests ; Plant Roots ; chemistry

OBJECTIVETo study the chemical constituents in the rhizoma of Iris dichotoma.

METHODThe chemical constituents were isolated by various column chromatographic methods. The structures of the compounds were elucidated on the basis of physiochemical properties and spectral analysis.

RESULTEleven compounds, hispidulin (1), rhamnocitrin (2), iristectorigenin A (3), 4', 5, 7, 8-tetrahydroxy-6-methoxy isoflavone (4), 6-hydroxybiochanin A (5), iristectorin B (6), iristectorigenin A (7), kaempferol-7-methyl ether (8), tamarixetin-7-glucoside (9), iristectorin A (10), 3', 3, 5-trihydroxy-4', 7-dimethoxy-flavone-3-O-beta-D-galactopyranoside (11) were isolated and identified.

CONCLUSIONCompounds 1-11 were obtained from this plant for the first time.