Breast cancer is one of the most common cancers in the world， and its incidence rate is also rising in China and tends to happen in younger age groups. The classical Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway is an important target in the treatment of breast cancer， playing a key role in the whole process of breast cancer development by regulating the expression of related signal proteins and genes. Traditional Chinese medicine has a profound history and practical experience in the treatment of malignant tumors， and the development of modern technology further highlights the therapeutic advantages of traditional Chinese medicine， which has multiple targets and components. Research shows that Chinese medicine can effectively slow down the proliferation of breast cancer cells by regulating the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway， and has a significant inhibitory effect on the development of breast cancer. Based on this， this paper summarized domestic and foreign relevant studies on the regulation of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway with traditional Chinese medicine in the treatment of breast cancer， analyzed the mechanism of traditional Chinese medicine treating breast cancer by intervening in this signaling pathway， and summarized 44 different types of traditional Chinese medicine monomers， including terpenes （triptolide， andrographolide， etc.）， flavonoids （scutellarin， sinensetin， etc.）， polysaccharides （Angelica sinensis polysaccharides， etc.）， phenols （curcumin， polydatin， etc.）， and alkaloids （lycorine， etc.）. In addition， there are 3 traditional Chinese medicines （Ganoderma lucidum， Radix actinidia chinensis， and Antrodia camphorata）， 1 group of medicine pairs （Trionycis Carapax-Zedoary Turmeric）， and 8 traditional Chinese medicine formulas （Compound Tubeimu， Huangqi Jiedu Tang， Xihuang Wan， Liuwei Dihuang Wan， Jiazhu Tang， Aiduqing Fang， Sini San， and compound Kushen injection）. By regulating the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway and its key molecules， these single herbs， monomers， and compound herbs can reverse the epithelial mesenchymal transformation process， reduce the activity of stem cells， and inhibit the growth and metastasis of cancer cells. Besides， it can also enhance the sensitivity of drugs and radiotherapy and combat breast cancer， providing a new perspective for drug development and treatment strategies for breast cancer.

Prostate cancer is a malignant tumor that primarily arises from the epithelial tissue of the prostate in men. With the aggravation of population aging in China， the incidence rate of this disease has been continuously rising. Although the exact cause of prostate cancer remains unclear， it has been proven to be closely related to various factors， including individual genetic susceptibility， genetic mutations， dietary habits， and lifestyle. Research has shown that abnormal activation of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway also plays an important role in the occurrence and development of prostate cancer. Multiple experimental results have revealed that traditional Chinese medicine （TCM）， with its multi-target and multi-stage mechanisms of action， exerts significant regulatory effects on key biological processes such as proliferation， migration， invasion， angiogenesis， and epithelial-mesenchymal transition （EMT） of prostate cancer cells. TCM has shown excellent potential in preventing prostate cancer progression and improving patient prognosis and has become a research focus in prostate cancer treatment in recent years. Based on this， this study reviewed the research on the regulation of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway by TCM in the treatment of prostate cancer at home and abroad. It analyzed the mechanisms by which TCM intervention exerts anti-prostate cancer effects via this signaling pathway， identifying 29 different types of active ingredients in TCM， including alkaloids （e.g.， capsaicin， berberine）， flavonoids （e.g.， icariin and hyperoside）， polyphenols （e.g.， gastrodin and honokiol）， terpenes （e.g.， oridonin）， quinones （e.g.， aloe-emodin）， coumarins （e.g.， agrimonolide）， and saponins （e.g.， saikosaponin-d）. Additionally， one TCM medicinal substance （arsenic）， one drug pair （Danggui - Qieyi combination）， and two TCM formulae （Yishen Tonglong Tang and Guben Qingyuan Formula） were included. The study aims to deepen the understanding of the pathological mechanism of prostate cancer and to explore possible therapeutic targets， thereby providing new perspectives and approaches for clinical research and new drug development， and ultimately promoting the advancement and innovation of prostate cancer treatment strategies.

Prostate cancer is a malignant tumor that primarily arises from the epithelial tissue of the prostate in men. With the aggravation of population aging in China， the incidence rate of this disease has been continuously rising. Although the exact cause of prostate cancer remains unclear， it has been proven to be closely related to various factors， including individual genetic susceptibility， genetic mutations， dietary habits， and lifestyle. Research has shown that abnormal activation of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway also plays an important role in the occurrence and development of prostate cancer. Multiple experimental results have revealed that traditional Chinese medicine （TCM）， with its multi-target and multi-stage mechanisms of action， exerts significant regulatory effects on key biological processes such as proliferation， migration， invasion， angiogenesis， and epithelial-mesenchymal transition （EMT） of prostate cancer cells. TCM has shown excellent potential in preventing prostate cancer progression and improving patient prognosis and has become a research focus in prostate cancer treatment in recent years. Based on this， this study reviewed the research on the regulation of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway by TCM in the treatment of prostate cancer at home and abroad. It analyzed the mechanisms by which TCM intervention exerts anti-prostate cancer effects via this signaling pathway， identifying 29 different types of active ingredients in TCM， including alkaloids （e.g.， capsaicin， berberine）， flavonoids （e.g.， icariin and hyperoside）， polyphenols （e.g.， gastrodin and honokiol）， terpenes （e.g.， oridonin）， quinones （e.g.， aloe-emodin）， coumarins （e.g.， agrimonolide）， and saponins （e.g.， saikosaponin-d）. Additionally， one TCM medicinal substance （arsenic）， one drug pair （Danggui - Qieyi combination）， and two TCM formulae （Yishen Tonglong Tang and Guben Qingyuan Formula） were included. The study aims to deepen the understanding of the pathological mechanism of prostate cancer and to explore possible therapeutic targets， thereby providing new perspectives and approaches for clinical research and new drug development， and ultimately promoting the advancement and innovation of prostate cancer treatment strategies.

Objective:To evaluate the 10-year protective effect and immunogenicity of quadrivalent human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine in Chinese women aged 20 to 45 years.Methods:From October 2019 to April 2020, a long-term follow-up study was conducted on the subjects of the Phase III clinical trial of the quadrivalent HPV vaccine (NCT00834106). Participants underwent a questionnaire survey, venous blood sampling, gynecological examination, cervical exfoliated cell pathology examination, and serum neutralizing antibody titers for HPV-6, 11, 16, and 18 were measured using a pseudovirus neutralization assay. The results of the cytological examination and the positive rate and titers of serum antibodies of different cervical exfoliated cells were compared.Results:A total of 889 subjects were followed up, including 240 in the control group, 453 in the vaccination group and 196 in the post-trial vaccination group. The age of the control group was (40±7) years old, which was higher than that of the supplementary vaccination group and the vaccination group [(38±4) and (38±6) years old, respectively] ( P<0.05). There were no statistically significant differences in condom use and sexual frequency among all groups (all P values>0.05). The abnormal proportion of cervical exfoliation cytopathology in the vaccination group was 3.7% (17/453), which was significantly lower than that in the control group [9.6% (23/240)] and post-trial vaccination group [5.6% (11/196)] ( P<0.05). There were two cases of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) grade 1 in the vaccination group, two cases of CIN grade 1 and three cases of CIN grade 2 and above in the control group, and no CIN grade 1 and above cases in the post-trial vaccination group. The positive rate of HPV-18 antibody was 35.5% (161/453) in the vaccination group and 76.0% (149/196) in the post-trial vaccination group, which was significantly lower than that of other types ( P<0.05). The neutralizing antibody GMT ratio between the vaccination group and the control group ranged from 2.62 to 25.33 (9.05 to 83.08). Conclusion:Protective neutralizing antibodies are sustained in Chinese women aged 20 to 45 years after ten years of vaccination with quadrivalent HPV vaccine.

Objective:To evaluate the 10-year protective effect and immunogenicity of quadrivalent human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine in Chinese women aged 20 to 45 years.Methods:From October 2019 to April 2020, a long-term follow-up study was conducted on the subjects of the Phase III clinical trial of the quadrivalent HPV vaccine (NCT00834106). Participants underwent a questionnaire survey, venous blood sampling, gynecological examination, cervical exfoliated cell pathology examination, and serum neutralizing antibody titers for HPV-6, 11, 16, and 18 were measured using a pseudovirus neutralization assay. The results of the cytological examination and the positive rate and titers of serum antibodies of different cervical exfoliated cells were compared.Results:A total of 889 subjects were followed up, including 240 in the control group, 453 in the vaccination group and 196 in the post-trial vaccination group. The age of the control group was (40±7) years old, which was higher than that of the supplementary vaccination group and the vaccination group [(38±4) and (38±6) years old, respectively] ( P<0.05). There were no statistically significant differences in condom use and sexual frequency among all groups (all P values>0.05). The abnormal proportion of cervical exfoliation cytopathology in the vaccination group was 3.7% (17/453), which was significantly lower than that in the control group [9.6% (23/240)] and post-trial vaccination group [5.6% (11/196)] ( P<0.05). There were two cases of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) grade 1 in the vaccination group, two cases of CIN grade 1 and three cases of CIN grade 2 and above in the control group, and no CIN grade 1 and above cases in the post-trial vaccination group. The positive rate of HPV-18 antibody was 35.5% (161/453) in the vaccination group and 76.0% (149/196) in the post-trial vaccination group, which was significantly lower than that of other types ( P<0.05). The neutralizing antibody GMT ratio between the vaccination group and the control group ranged from 2.62 to 25.33 (9.05 to 83.08). Conclusion:Protective neutralizing antibodies are sustained in Chinese women aged 20 to 45 years after ten years of vaccination with quadrivalent HPV vaccine.

BACKGROUND: We have recently developed a new Coronary Artery Tree description and Lesion EvaluaTion (CatLet) angiographic scoring system. Our preliminary studies have demonstrated its superiority over the the Synergy between percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) with Taxus and Cardiac Surgery (SYNTAX) score with respect to outcome predictions for acute myocardial infarction (AMI) patients. The current study hypothesized that the residual CatLet (rCatLet) score predicts clinical outcomes for AMI patients and that a combination with the three clinical variables (CVs)-age, creatinine, and ejection fraction, will enhance its predicting values. METHODS: The rCatLet score was calculated retrospectively in 308 consecutively enrolled patients with AMI. Primary endpoint, major adverse cardiac or cerebrovascular events (MACCE) including all-cause mortality, non-fatal AMI, transient ischemic attack/stroke, and ischemia-driven repeat revascularization, was stratified according to rCatLet score tertiles: rCatLet_low ≤3, rCatLet_mid 4-11, and rCatLet_top ≥12, respectively. Cross-validation confirmed a reasonably good agreement between the observed and predicted risks. RESULTS: Of 308 patients analyzed, the rates of MACCE, all-cause death, and cardiac death were 20.8%, 18.2%, and 15.3%, respectively. Kaplan-Meier curves for all endpoints showed increasing outcome events with the increasing tertiles of the rCatLet score, with P values <0.001 on trend test. For MACCE, all-cause death, and cardiac death, the area under the curves (AUCs) of the rCatLet score were 0.70 (95% confidence intervals [CI]: 0.63-0.78), 0.69 (95% CI: 0.61-0.77), and 0.71 (95% CI: 0.63-0.79), respectively; the AUCs of the CVs-adjusted rCatLet score models were 0.83 (95% CI: 0.78-0.89), 0.87 (95% CI: 0.82-0.92), and 0.89 (95% CI: 0.84-0.94), respectively. The performance of CVs-adjusted rCatLet score was significantly better than the stand-alone rCatLet score in terms of outcome predictions. CONCLUSION: The rCatLet score has a predicting value for clinical outcomes for AMI patients and the incorporation of the three CVs into the rCatLet score will enhance its predicting ability. TRIAL REGISTRATION http://www.chictr.org.cn , ChiCTR-POC-17013536.
Humans ; Coronary Artery Disease/complications* ; Death ; Myocardial Infarction/etiology* ; Percutaneous Coronary Intervention ; Retrospective Studies ; Risk Assessment ; Risk Factors ; Treatment Outcome

Objective:To evaluate the anesthetic efficacy of remiazolam combined with alfentanil in the patients undergoing painless gastroscopy.Methods:A total of 400 patients of both sexes, aged 20-64 yr, with body mass index of 18-30 kg/m 2, of American Society of Anesthesiologists Physical Status classification Ⅰ or Ⅱ, scheduled for elective painless gastroscopy, were divided into 2 groups ( n=200 each) using the computer-generated random numbers: remimazolam combined with alfentanil group (group RA) and propofol combined with alfentanil group (group PA).All subjects inhaled oxygen and were denitrogenated by deep inhalation.Alfentanil 7 μg/kg and remimazolam 0.2 mg/kg were intravenously injected in group RA, and alfentanil 7 μg/kg and propofol 1.5 mg/kg were intravenously injected in group PA.When body movement occurred during operation, remimazolam 2.5 mg was intravenously injected in group RA, propofol 0.5 mg/kg was intravenously injected in group PA, and anesthesia was defined as failure when there was still body movement after 3 times of additional injection within 15 min.The success of anesthesia, effective time of sedatives, time of gastroscopy, emergence time, perioperative adverse reactions, and satisfaction score of endoscopic surgeons-anesthesiologists-patients were assessed using visual analog scale score. Results:Compared with group PA, the incidence of hypotension (6.2%/14.0%), bradycardia (6.2%/19.0%), respiratory depression (3.1%/8.0%), injection pain (2.1%/30.0%), postoperative nausea (6.3%/25.0%), fatigue (7.8%/14.0%) was significantly decreased, and the incidence of hiccup (8.3%/1.0%) and patient′ s satisfaction score were increased in group RA ( P<0.05).There was no significant difference between the two groups in the success rate of sedation, effective time of sedatives, time of gastroscopic examination, emergence time, satisfaction scores of anesthesiologists-endoscopic surgeons, and incidence of postoperative vomiting, dizziness, and lethargy ( P>0.05). Conclusions:Compared with conventional anesthesia for painless gastroscopy, remiazolam (0.2 mg/kg) combined with alfentanil (7 μg/kg) has a certain optimization effect in anesthesia for gastroscopy.

Objective:Based on the degradation of skeletal muscle protein MuRF mediated by pFoxO1 when insulin resistance occurs, this paper explores the content change of skeletal muscle protein and the effect of Jianpi Qinghua formula when insulin resistance occurs.Methods:C57 mice were fed with high-fat food and made as the model of obesity accompanied by insulin resistance. Then they were divided into model group, Jianpi Qinghua formula group and metformin group according to random number table method with 10 mice in each group. Jianpi Qinghua formula group was orally administered with water decoction 20.961 g/kg, and the metformin group was orally administered with metformin suspension 18.498 g/kg, once a day for 12 consecutive weeks. Intraperitoneal Glucose Tolerance Tests (IPGTT) was used after the model was established and intervened respectively. The relative protein content of pFoxO1, FoxO1, MuRF, MyoD and myosin were detected by Western blot method, and the localization of MyoD and myosin was detected by immuno-histochemistry.Results:Compared with the model group, the blood glucose of IPGTT at 0 min, 60 min and 120 min of both Jianpi Qinghua formula group and Metformin group decreased ( P<0.05). Compared with model group, the ratio of pFoxO1/FoxO1 protein expression level (0.27±0.07, 0.24±0.14 vs. 0.05±0.03) of both Jianpi Qinghua formula group and Metformin group increased ( P<0.05), and the relative expression of MuRF protein (1.22±0.42, 1.15±0.32 vs. 3.21±0.35) of both Jianpi Qinghua formula group and Metformin group decreased ( P<0.05). The relative protein expression of MyoD (1.42±0.45 vs. 0.40±0.11) and myosin (0.80±0.11 vs. 0.51±0.08) relative protein expression of Jianpi Qinghua formula group was significantly higher than that of model group ( P<0.05). Immunohistochemical staining showed that MyoD (5.06±1.72 vs.2.28±0.83) and myosin (60.28±7.47 vs. 39.77±3.34) of Jianpi Qinghua formula group significantly increased compared with model group ( P<0.05). Conclusion:Jianpi Qinghua formula could effectively increase the content of skeletal muscle protein, enhancing the phosphorylation of FoxO1 in skeletal muscle and the inhibition of MuRF degradation pathway.

Mouse hybridoma monoclonal antibody is the most commonly used antibody in immunology because of its stable source, easy preparation in later stage and high yield. The traditional time-consuming and laborious hybridoma preparation technology could not meet the growing market demand. In this paper, we describe the rapid preparation techniques involved in antigen design and screening, B cell enrichment and screening, transgenic myeloma cells, fusion technology improvement, positive hybridoma cell screening and rapid detection of monoclonal antibody performance, to provide a reference for rapid preparation of mouse hybridoma monoclonal antibody.
Animals ; Antibodies, Monoclonal ; Antigens ; B-Lymphocytes ; Hybridomas ; Mice

Objective:To evaluate the effect of Bushen-Tianjing-Huayu Decoction combined with conventional western medicine in the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus with osteoporosis. Methods:A total of 83 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and osteoporosis who met the inclusion criteria in the Community Health Service Center of Malu Town from January 2018 to December 2018 were recruited and divided into control group (41 cases) and study group (42 cases), according to the random number table method. The control group was treated with conventional western medicine, and the study group was treated with Bushen- Tianjing-Huayu Decoction based on the control group. Both groups were treated for 3 months. The fasting blood glucose and 2 hPG were detected by Accu-Chek Performa roche glucometer, HbAlc was detected by ion exchange chromatography, IL-6 and NO were detected by ELISA, the bone density of femoral neck, L 2-4 and Wards triangle were measured by dual energy X-ray bone mineral density detector. Results:The total effective rate was 90.5% (38/42) in the study group and 70.7% (29/41) in the control group, and the difference between the two groups was statistically significant ( χ2=5.198, P=0.023). After the treatment, the fasting blood glucose, 2 hPG and HbAlc levels in the study group were significantly lower than those of the control group ( t values were 6.822, 6.133 and 5.768, respectively, all Ps<0.001). After the treatment, the bone density levels of femoral neck (0.92 ± 0.10 g/cm 2vs. 0.78 ± 0.09 g/cm 2, t=6.700), L 2-4 (0.98 ± 0.12 g/cm 2vs. 0.87±0.10 g/cm 2, t=4.531) and Wards triangle (0.69 ± 0.08 g/cm 2vs. 0.61 ± 0.06 g/cm 2, t=5.144) in the study group were significantly higher than those of the control group ( P<0.01). The levels of serum IL-6 and NO were significantly lower than those of the control group ( t values were 23.244 and 13.541, all Ps<0.001). Conclusions:The Bushen-Tianjing-Huayu Decoction combined with conventional western medicine can control the blood glucose level, improve bone density, reduce serum IL-6 and NO levels, and improve clinical efficacy for the patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and osteoporosis.