ObjectiveTo investigate the effect and potential mechanism of Dihuangyin on 2， 4-dinitrochlorobenzene （DNCB） -induced model mice with atopic dermatitis （AD）. MethodA mouse model with AD was established by repeatedly stimulating the back skin of mice with DNCB. After successful modeling， the mice were randomly divided into model group， Runzao group （0.78 g·kg^-1）， and high， medium， and low dose （40.30， 20.15， and 10.08 g·kg^-1） groups of Dihuangyin， with 12 mice in each group， and the blank group consisted of 12 mice， 72 in total. The administration groups were given the corresponding liquid by dose， and the blank group and model group were given the same dose of pure water by intragastric administration， once a day. The skin lesions and scratching times of mice were observed after continuous administration for two weeks. The back skin lesions of mice were stained with hematoxylin-eosin （HE） and toluidine blue to observe the pathology. The contents of serum immunoglobulin E （IgE）， interleukin-4 （IL-4）， interleukin-6 （IL-6）， and interferon-γ （IFN-γ） were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA）. The mRNA expression levels of IFN-γ， IL-4， IL-6， Janus kinase 1 （JAK1）， and transcriptional activator 3 （STAT3） in skin lesion tissue were detected by Real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction （Real-time PCR）. The expressions of JAK1， phosphorylation（p）-JAK1， STAT3， and p-STAT3 proteins in skin lesion tissue were detected by Western blot. ResultCompared with the blank group， the back skin of the model group showed large-scale scab， dryness， erosion， hypertrophy with scratching， epidermal hyperplasia with hyperkeratosis and parakeratosis， hyperacanthosis with edema， and a large number of mast cell infiltration in the dermis， some of which were degranulated. The contents of IgE， IL-4， IL-6， and IFN-γ in the serum of mice were significantly increased （P<0.01）， and the protein expression levels of p-JAK1， STAT3， and p-STAT3 and mRNA expressions of IL-4， IL-6， IFN-γ， JAK1， and STAT3 in skin lesion tissue were significantly increased （P<0.01）. Compared with the model group， only a small amount of dryness and desquamation were observed in the back skin of mice in each administration group， and cell edema was reduced. The inflammatory infiltration was significantly reduced， and the number of mast cell infiltration was significantly decreased. The serum IgE， IL-4， IL-6， and IFN-γ of mice were decreased to varying degrees （P<0.05， P<0.01）. The protein expression levels of p-JAK1， STAT3， and p-STAT3 and mRNA expressions of IL-4， IL-6， IFN-γ， JAK1， and STAT3 in skin lesion tissue were significantly decreased， and the effect of high dose group of Dihuangyin was the best （P<0.01）. ConclusionDihuangyin can improve skin lesions and pruritus in mice with AD， and its mechanism may be related to the effective regulation of cytokines on the helper T cells （Th1）/Th2 axis by interfering with the JAK1/STAT3 signaling pathway and affecting skin barrier function.

Objective To investigate the effect of remimazolam on anesthetic effect and postoperative cognitive function during painless bronchoscopy in elderly patients.Methods A total of 90 patients with painless bronchoscopy admitted to Wenzhou People's Hospital were selected.And randomly dividing into 45 patients in control group,45 patients in observation group.The control group was given propofol,and the observation group was given remimazolam.Mean arterial pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),and blood oxygen saturation(SpO2)were monitored.Effective time after induction,recovery time after withdrawal and discharge time were compared.Patient's cognitive function was assessed using the mini-mental state examination(MMSE),auditory word learning test(AVLT),shape connection test(STT),and animal language fluency test(AFT).Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA)was used to determine substance P(SP),C-reactive protein(CRP),noradrenaline(NE),tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α)in serum,interleukin(IL)-6 and prostaglandin E2(PGE2)concentrations.Results Compared with the control group,the MAP of the observation group patients at time points T2 and T3 showed statistically significant differences(P<0.05);HR was especially significant at T2,T3 and T6 periods(P<0.05).SpO2 at T2 and T3(P<0.05).The awakening time,discharge time of the observation were shorter than control(P<0.05).At 1 day after surgery,the MMSE score,STT score,AFT score were significantly higher(P<0.05);The serum levels of SP,PGE2 and NE and IL-6,TNF-α and CRP were decreased in the control(P<0.05).The incidence of adverse reactions was 17.78％in control group and 8.89％in observation group(χ2=7.654,P=0.031).Conclusion Remazolam is used in painless bronchoscopy in elderly patients,intraoperative hemodynamics is stable,having little impact on postoperative cognitive function,and inhibits the release of inflammatory factors and the secretion of pain mediators,which is worthy of clinical use.

[Objective]To present a case of complete androgen insensitivity syndrome (CAIS) coexisting with Müllerian duct remnants (MDR) and to review previous reports in the literature to enhance the understanding of the clinical manifestations and pathophysiology of CAIS.[Methods]The study aimed to diagnose complete androgen insensitivity syndrome (CAIS) by conducting physical examinations,chromosomal analysis,whole exome sequencing,laboratory tests including follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH),luteinizing hormone (LH),total testosterone,estradiol,anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH),inhibin B,dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEAS),androstenedione,17-hydroxyprogesterone,and imaging studies such as pelvic ultrasound and pelvic magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Laparoscopy revealed the presence of Müllerian duct structures. Additionally,the study reviewed similar cases of CAIS combined with Müllerian duct remnants reported in the literature.[Results]The child presented with female phenotype,elevated levels of FSH,LH,and testosterone. Pelvic MRI showed bilateral cryptorchidism without visible uterus or fallopian tubes. The chromosomal karyotype was 46,XY,and whole exome sequencing identified a pathogenic variant in the androgen receptor (AR) gene,c.2359C>T (p.Arg787*). No abnormalities were found in the AMH and AMHR2 gene tests. Laparoscopic exploration revealed underdeveloped testes and an underdeveloped uterus. Pathology showed the presence of fallopian tube-like structures next to the testicles. A total of 11 cases with genetically confirmed diagnosis of CAIS coexisting with MDR were retrieved from the database. The findings suggest that the initial clinical presentation,biochemical data,and gonadal pathology of CAIS with MDR are similar to those without MDR.[Conclusion]The study reports a patient with CAIS coexisting with MDR,which broadens the clinical spectrum of CAIS and provides a perspective for basic research on Müllerian duct regression that is independent of the AMH-AMHR2 signaling pathway.

Objective: To investigate the association between consumption of milk tea beverages and other sugary beverages with insomnia symptoms among college students, so as to the provide reference for promoting sleep quality among college students. Methods: From September to November 2023, a convenience sampling method was used to select 15 440 college students from seven universities in Shanghai, Jiangxi Province, Hubei Province, and Shanxi Province. A self developed questionnaire and the Insomnia Severity Index were used to assess milk tea beverage consumption, other sugary beverages and insomnia symptoms. Univariate analysis of insomnia symptoms among college students was performed using Chi square tests and Cochran-Armitage trend χ 2 tests. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis was conducted for the association between milk tea and other sugary beverage consumption with insomnia symptoms. Results: The detection rates of insomnia symptoms among college students was 40.83%. The frequency of consumption of different milk tea and various sugary drinks (juice, tea, milk, sodas,yogurt, functional drinks, coffee) per week was related to the detection trend rate of insomnia symptoms of college students ( χ 2 trend =38.38, 47.66, 74.16, 32.44, 65.78 , 38.71, 35.94, 91.59, P < 0.01 ). Multivariate analysis indicated that compared to individuals with no milk tea consumption, college students engaging in milk tea consumption had a significantly increased risk of insomnia symptoms ( OR =1.24, P <0.05). Students consuming milk tea at low to moderate frequencies (1-3, 4-5 times per week) showed a higher risk of insomnia symptoms compared to those with no consumption ( OR =1.20, 1.54, P <0.05). Furthermore, higher levels of milk tea consumption were significantly associated with insomnia symptoms (1 501-2 999 mL, OR =1.22; ≥3 000 mL, OR =1.36), and the consumption of other sugary beverages were also associated with insomnia symptoms of college students ( OR =1.10-1.55) ( P <0.05). Conclusions There is a relationship between consumption of milk tea beverage other sugary beverages with insomnia symptoms among college students. Colleges should regularly conduct dietary health education seminars to improve sleep quality among college students.

Astragalin is a natural flavonoid,which is known for its diverse pharmacological applications such as anti-tumor.The many studies have found that Astragalin has great anti-tumor potential by regulating PI3K/Akt signal pathway,MAPKs signal pathway,JAK/STAT signal pathway,NF-κ B signal pathway,Notch1 pathway,microRNA expression,tumor invasion and metastasis.This article reviews the literature reports on anti-tumor signal pathway of Astragalin in recent years,analyzes and summarizes the pos-sible mechanisms by which each pathway induces tumor cell apoptosis,in order to provide experimental and theoretical basis for the development and utilization of Astragalin in anti-tumor signal pathways.

Background::Patients who undergo coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) are known to be at a significant risk of experiencing long-term adverse events, emphasizing the importance of regular assessments. Evaluating health-related quality of life (HRQoL) serves as a direct method to gauge prognosis. Our objective is to ascertain the prognostic significance of consecutive HRQoL assessments using the Physical Component Summary (PCS) and Mental Component Summary (MCS) derived from the Short-Form 36 (SF-36) health survey in CABG patients.Methods::The study population consisted of 433 patients who underwent isolated elective CABG at Fuwai Hospital between 2012 and 2013. SF-36 assessments were conducted during both the hospitalization period and follow-up. The primary endpoint of the study was all-cause mortality, while the secondary outcome was a composite measure including death, myocardial infarction, stroke, and repeat revascularization. We assessed the relationships between the PCS and MCS at baseline, as well as their changes during the first 6 months after the surgery (referred to as ΔPCS and ΔMCS, respectively), and the observed outcomes.Results::The patients were followed for an average of 6.28 years, during which 35 individuals (35/433, 8.1%) died. After adjusting for clinical variables, it was observed that baseline MCS scores (hazard ratio [HR] for a 1-standard deviation [SD] decrease, 1.57; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.07–2.30) and ΔMCS (HR for a 1-SD decrease, 1.67; 95% CI, 1.09–2.56) were associated with all-cause mortality. However, baseline PCS scores and ΔPCS did not exhibit a significant relationship with all-cause mortality. Notably, there was a dose-response relationship observed between ΔMCS and the likelihood of all-cause mortality (HRs for the 2nd, 3rd and 4th quartiles compared to the 1st quartile, 0.33, 0.45 and 0.11, respectively).Conclusions::Baseline MCS and changes in MCS were independent predictors for long-term mortality of CABG. Better mental health status and recovery indicated better prognosis.

PURPOSE: This cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) study aimed to analyze the anatomical characteristics of alveolar bone at mandibular first molar (MFM) and their implications for immediate implant placement surgery. MATERIALS AND METHODS: 100 patients with 140 MFMs were reviewed retrospectively. We first performed a 3D reconstruction of the patient’s CBCT data to determine a reference plane with ideal implant placement and orientation. The following parameters of MFM region were analyzed: mesial-distal socket size (MDSS), buccal-lingual socket size (BL-SS), root furcation fornix to inferior alveolar nerve (IAN) distance (RF-I), interradicular bone thickness (IRB), mesial/distal root apex to the IAN distance (MRA-I/DRA-I), thickness of the buccal/lingual bone of the mesial root (MR-B/MR-L), thickness of the buccal/lingual bone of the distal root (DR-B/DR-L). RESULTS: The MD-SS of MFM was 8.74 ± 0.76 mm, and the BLSS was 8.26 ± 0.72 mm. The MR-B, DR-B was 1.01 ± 0.40 mm and 1.14 ± 0.50 mm, and the difference was statistically significant (P = .001). The values of the MR-L, DR-L were 2.71 ± 0.78 mm and 3.09 ± 0.73 mm, and the difference was also statistically significant (P < .001). The mean distance of RF-I was 15.68 ± 2.13mm, and the MRA-I was 7.06 ± 2.22 mm, which was greater than that of DRA-I (6.48 ± 2.30 mm, P < .001). The IRB at 2 mm, 4 mm apical from the furcation fornix, and at apex level was 2.81 ± 0.50 mm, 3.30 ± 0.62 mm, and 4.44 ± 1.02 mm, respectively. CONCLUSION There is relatively sufficient bone mass in interradicular bone in height, but an adequate width is lacking for the bone between the mesial and distal root after the extraction of the MFM for immediate implantation. The thickness of the MFM buccal bone is relative thin, especially for the mesial root.

At present , methamphetamine has become a major hidden danger in global public health safety. In order to judge methamphetamine addicts and methamphetamine abstainers more scientifically and reliably, this study analyzed the endogenous metabolites in plasma, serum and urine of methamphetamine addicts, methamphetamine abstainers and healthy volunteers by highly sensitive high-throughput liquid chromatography quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (LC-QTOF-MS) analytical instrument. The obtained metabolomic data were processed by univariate analysis (t-test) and multivariate analysis (PLS-DA and OPLS-DA) and eligible potential biomarkers were then screened.The identified biomarkers set enrichment analysis to find the connection between metabolites and metabolic pathways.Multivariate statistical results showed that methamphetamine acute group, recovery group and healthy group were clearly separated.3, 18 and 6 regulated metabolites were identified in serum, plasma and urine, respectively, suggesting that lipid metabolism was abnormal in methamphetamine acute group, and that fatty acid metabolism, sulfate/sulfite metabolism and sex hormone metabolism were abnormal in methamphetamine recovery group.The selected potential biomarkers in this study provide the possibility for scientific judgment of the clinical stage of methamphetamine detoxification.

BACKGROUND: Primary lung squamous carcinoma that produces alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) is rare and only four related cases have been reported so far. The specific reasons for elevated serum level of AFP and effective treatment regimens for AFP-producing lung squamous carcinoma are not clear. This paper reports the diagnosis and treatment of AFP-producing lung squamous carcinoma so as to provide some references for similar cases in clinical practice. METHODS: The diagnosis and treatment of an AFP-producing lung squamous carcinoma patient admitted to the Shandong Cancer Hospital on October 23, 2020 was retrospectively analyzed, and literatures were reviewed. RESULTS: A 52-year-old male patient was diagnosed as T4N3M0 stage, IIIc right upper lobe lung squamous cell carcinoma with mediastinal lymph node metastasis and multiple metastases in the lung. The main tumor marker was abnormally increased serum AFP. After the rapid progression of two lines chemotherapy, the patient was given anlotinib combined with carrizumab as third-line treatment. The efficacy evaluation reached to partial response (PR) and stable disease (SD) after 2 and 4 cycles of treatment, respectively. The treatment regimen was replaced with albumin paclitaxel plus carrizumab due to gastrointestinal bleeding after the fifth cycle. The patient's condition was under continuous control. CONCLUSIONS The AFP-producing lung squamous carcinoma patient had a good response to anlotinib and immunotherapy in the case report, which may provide some guidances for the clinical practice and the research on AFP-producing lung squamous carcinoma.
Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/drug therapy* ; Humans ; Lung ; Lung Neoplasms/drug therapy* ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Retrospective Studies ; alpha-Fetoproteins

Objective:To compare the efficacy of 2 fixation modes [dynamic hip screw (DHS) plus anti-rotation screw versus 3 cannulated compression screws (CCS)] in the treatment of femoral neck fractures complicated with comminuted posterior wall.Methods:The data were analyzed retrospectively of the 109 patients who had been treated for femoral neck fractures complicated with comminuted posterior wall at Department of Orthopaedics, Shenzhen Hospital, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences from February 2017 to December 2019. They were divided into 2 groups according to 2 fixation modes. There were 42 males and 16 females with an age of 48.5 (40.0, 55.3) years in CCS group of 58 cases subjected to fixation with 3 CCSs; there were 31 males and 20 females with an age of 47.0 (38.0, 53.0) years in DHS group of 51 cases subjected to fixation with DHS plus anti-rotation screw. The length of incision, operation time, intraoperative bleeding, weight-bearing time for the affected limb, visual analog scale (VAS), hip Harris score, and incidence of postoperative complications were compared between the 2 groups.Results:The comparison of preoperative general data between the 2 groups was not statistically significant, showing comparability between groups ( P>0.05). In the CCS group, the incision length [3.0 (2.9, 4.5) cm] and operation time [90.0 (73.8, 125.0) min] were significantly shorter than those in the DHS group [10.0 (9.0, 12.0) cm and 135.0 (110.0, 165.0) min], the intraoperative bleeding [40.0 (10.0, 100.0) mL] was significantly less than that in the DHS group [200.0 (150.0, 300.0) mL], the partial and complete weight-bearing durations of the affected limb [12.0 (12.0, 13.0) weeks and 24.0 (21.0, 25.0) weeks] were significantly longer than those in the DHS group [11.0 (10.0, 12.0) weeks and 19.0 (18.0, 20.0) weeks], and the perioperative VAS pain score [2.0 (2.0, 3.0) points] was significantly lower than that in the DHS group [5.0 (4.0, 6.0) points], but the incidence of follow-up complications [56.9% (33/58)] was significantly higher than that in the DHS group [33.3% (17/51)] (all P<0.05). There was no significant difference between the DHS group and the CCS group in the excellent and good rate of Harris hip score at one year after operation [94.1% (48/51) versus 91.4% (53/58)] ( P>0.05). Conclusions:In the treatment of femoral neck fractures complicated with comminuted posterior wall, DHS plus anti-rotation screw and 3 CCSs can both result in fine therapeutic outcomes but a relatively high incidence of complications at late follow-up. However, the former fixation mode can shorten the weight-bearing time for the affected limb and reduce complications but is more invasive than the latter fixation mode.