Objective: To investigate the association between consumption of milk tea beverages and other sugary beverages with insomnia symptoms among college students, so as to the provide reference for promoting sleep quality among college students. Methods: From September to November 2023, a convenience sampling method was used to select 15 440 college students from seven universities in Shanghai, Jiangxi Province, Hubei Province, and Shanxi Province. A self developed questionnaire and the Insomnia Severity Index were used to assess milk tea beverage consumption, other sugary beverages and insomnia symptoms. Univariate analysis of insomnia symptoms among college students was performed using Chi square tests and Cochran-Armitage trend χ 2 tests. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis was conducted for the association between milk tea and other sugary beverage consumption with insomnia symptoms. Results: The detection rates of insomnia symptoms among college students was 40.83%. The frequency of consumption of different milk tea and various sugary drinks (juice, tea, milk, sodas,yogurt, functional drinks, coffee) per week was related to the detection trend rate of insomnia symptoms of college students ( χ 2 trend =38.38, 47.66, 74.16, 32.44, 65.78 , 38.71, 35.94, 91.59, P < 0.01 ). Multivariate analysis indicated that compared to individuals with no milk tea consumption, college students engaging in milk tea consumption had a significantly increased risk of insomnia symptoms ( OR =1.24, P <0.05). Students consuming milk tea at low to moderate frequencies (1-3, 4-5 times per week) showed a higher risk of insomnia symptoms compared to those with no consumption ( OR =1.20, 1.54, P <0.05). Furthermore, higher levels of milk tea consumption were significantly associated with insomnia symptoms (1 501-2 999 mL, OR =1.22; ≥3 000 mL, OR =1.36), and the consumption of other sugary beverages were also associated with insomnia symptoms of college students ( OR =1.10-1.55) ( P <0.05). Conclusions There is a relationship between consumption of milk tea beverage other sugary beverages with insomnia symptoms among college students. Colleges should regularly conduct dietary health education seminars to improve sleep quality among college students.

PURPOSE: This cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) study aimed to analyze the anatomical characteristics of alveolar bone at mandibular first molar (MFM) and their implications for immediate implant placement surgery. MATERIALS AND METHODS: 100 patients with 140 MFMs were reviewed retrospectively. We first performed a 3D reconstruction of the patient’s CBCT data to determine a reference plane with ideal implant placement and orientation. The following parameters of MFM region were analyzed: mesial-distal socket size (MDSS), buccal-lingual socket size (BL-SS), root furcation fornix to inferior alveolar nerve (IAN) distance (RF-I), interradicular bone thickness (IRB), mesial/distal root apex to the IAN distance (MRA-I/DRA-I), thickness of the buccal/lingual bone of the mesial root (MR-B/MR-L), thickness of the buccal/lingual bone of the distal root (DR-B/DR-L). RESULTS: The MD-SS of MFM was 8.74 ± 0.76 mm, and the BLSS was 8.26 ± 0.72 mm. The MR-B, DR-B was 1.01 ± 0.40 mm and 1.14 ± 0.50 mm, and the difference was statistically significant (P = .001). The values of the MR-L, DR-L were 2.71 ± 0.78 mm and 3.09 ± 0.73 mm, and the difference was also statistically significant (P < .001). The mean distance of RF-I was 15.68 ± 2.13mm, and the MRA-I was 7.06 ± 2.22 mm, which was greater than that of DRA-I (6.48 ± 2.30 mm, P < .001). The IRB at 2 mm, 4 mm apical from the furcation fornix, and at apex level was 2.81 ± 0.50 mm, 3.30 ± 0.62 mm, and 4.44 ± 1.02 mm, respectively. CONCLUSION There is relatively sufficient bone mass in interradicular bone in height, but an adequate width is lacking for the bone between the mesial and distal root after the extraction of the MFM for immediate implantation. The thickness of the MFM buccal bone is relative thin, especially for the mesial root.

Early weaned piglets suffer from oxidative stress and enteral infection, which usually results in gut microbial dysbiosis, serve diarrhea, and even death. Rice bran oil (RBO), a polyphenol-enriched by-product of rice processing, has been shown to have antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties both in vivo and in vitro. Here, we ascertained the proper RBO supplementation level, and subsequently determined its effects on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced intestinal dysfunction in weaned piglets. A total of 168 piglets were randomly allocated into four groups of seven replicates (42 piglets each group, (21±1) d of age, body weight (7.60±0.04) kg, and half males and half females) and were given basal diet (Ctrl) or basal diet supplemented with 0.01% (mass fraction) RBO (RBO1), 0.02% RBO (RBO2), or 0.03% RBO (RBO3) for 21 d. Then, seven piglets from the Ctrl and the RBO were treated with LPS (100 μg/kg body weight (BW)) as LPS group and RBO+LPS group, respectively. Meanwhile, seven piglets from the Ctrl were treated with the saline vehicle (Ctrl group). Four hours later, all treated piglets were sacrificed for taking samples of plasma, jejunum tissues, and feces. The results showed that 0.02% was the optimal dose of dietary RBO supplementation based on diarrhea, average daily gain, and average daily feed intake indices in early weaning piglets. Furthermore, RBO protected piglets against LPS-induced jejunal epithelium damage, which was indicated by the increases in villus height, villus height/crypt depth ratio, and Claudin-1 levels, as well as a decreased level of jejunal epithelium apoptosis. RBO also improved the antioxidant ability of LPS-challenged piglets, which was indicated by the elevated concentrations of catalase and superoxide dismutase, and increased total antioxidant capacity, as well as the decreased concentrations of diamine oxidase and malondialdehyde in plasma. Meanwhile, RBO improved the immune function of LPS-challenged weaned piglets, which was indicated by elevated immunoglobulin A (IgA), IgM, β‍‍-defensin-1, and lysozyme levels in the plasma. In addition, RBO supplementation improved the LPS challenge-induced dysbiosis of gut microbiota. Particularly, the indices of antioxidant capacity, intestinal damage, and immunity were significantly associated with the RBO-regulated gut microbiota. These findings suggested that 0.02% RBO is a suitable dose to protect against LPS-induced intestinal damage, oxidative stress, and jejunal microbiota dysbiosis in early weaned piglets.
Male ; Female ; Swine ; Animals ; Lipopolysaccharides/toxicity* ; Antioxidants/pharmacology* ; Rice Bran Oil ; Dysbiosis ; Dietary Supplements ; Diarrhea/veterinary* ; Weaning ; Body Weight

Objective:To evaluate the possible mediation effect of smoking and healthy diet score on the association between educational level and the risk of lung cancer incidence.Methods:After excluding individuals with missing educational levels and cancer information at baseline, 446?772 participants in the UK Biobank (UKB) prospective cohort study were included. Cox regression models were used to investigate the associations of educational level and smoking and healthy diet score with the incidence of lung cancer. Mediating effect analysis was conducted to analyze the mediating effect of smoking and healthy diet score on the correlation between educational level and lung cancer.Results:During a median follow-up of 7.13 years, 1?994 new- onset lung cancer cases were observed. Per 1 standard deviation (5 years) increase in educational level was associated with a 12% lower risk of lung cancer ( HR=0.88, 95% CI: 0.84-0.92). The corresponding level 1-5 in the International Standard Classification for Education (ISCED) were mapped to UKB self‐report highest qualification to estimate the educational level. A higher rank means a higher educational level. Compared with level ISCED-1, the HR(95% CI) of level ISCED-2, ISCED-3, ISCED-4 and ISCED-5 were respectively 0.83 (0.72-0.94), 0.67 (0.53-0.85), 0.76 (0.65-0.89) and 0.72 (0.64-0.80) for lung cancer. Education years were negatively correlated with smoking, with β coefficients (95% CI) being -0.079 (-0.081- -0.077), but positively correlated with healthy diet score ( β=0.042, 95% CI: 0.039-0.045). Analysis of mediating effect indicated that the association of educational level with lung cancer risk was mediated by smoking and healthy diet score, the proportions of mediating effect were 38.952% (95% CI: 31.802%-51.659%) and 1.784% (95% CI: 0.405%-3.713%), respectively. Conclusion:Smoking and healthy diet score might mediate the effect of educational level on the incidence of lung cancer, indicating that improving the level of education can reduce the risk of lung cancer by changing lifestyles such as smoking and diet.

Objective:To provide the risk stratification method of hepatoblastoma (HB) suitable for implementation in China and explore the new treatment method for high-risk HB patients.Methods:A total of 100 cases of children and adolescents under 18 years old with newly diagnosed HB in Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center and Sun Yat-sen University First Affiliated Hospital from September 2014 to September 2018 were included. According to the clinical stage, AFP level, pathological subtype and other factors, patients were stratified into four groups: extremely low-, low-, intermediate- and high-risk. The patients at very low risk were treated with surgery only and followed-up. The patients at very low risk were treated with C5V(Cisplatin+ 5-Fluroracil+ Vincristine) regimen for 4 courses. The patients at intermediate risk were treated with C5VD(Cisplatin+ 5-Fluroracil+ Vincristine+ Doxorubicin)regimen before and after surgery for 6-8 courses. The patients at high risk were treated with C5VD and IIV (ifoshamide+ irinotecan+ vincristine) alternately before and after surgery for 8 courses.Results:One hundred patients were stratified into extremely low-risk, low-risk, medium-risk and high-risk groups for 2, 10, 51 and 37 cases, respectively. Eighty three cases had evaluable lesions before chemotherapy. Among them, 65 patients achieved partial remission, stable disease and progressive disease were observed in 10, and 8 cases, respectively, with a response rate of 78.3%. During a median follow-up of 20 months, 30 patients experienced tumor relapse or progression, and 27 of them died. The 2-years progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) rates were 69.2% and 72.0%, respectively. The 2-years PFS rates of patients with extremely low risk, low risk, medium risk and high risk were 100%, 88.9%, 75.3% and 43.2%, respectively. The 2-years OS rates were 100%, 100%, 81.0% and 44.8%, respectively.Conclusions:The novel HB risk classification is simple and feasible. With active comprehensive treatment, patients at extremely low-, low- and medium-risk have excellent outcomes. The survival rate of high-risk HB patients remains to be improved, and new treatment strategies need to be explored.

Objective:To provide the risk stratification method of hepatoblastoma (HB) suitable for implementation in China and explore the new treatment method for high-risk HB patients.Methods:A total of 100 cases of children and adolescents under 18 years old with newly diagnosed HB in Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center and Sun Yat-sen University First Affiliated Hospital from September 2014 to September 2018 were included. According to the clinical stage, AFP level, pathological subtype and other factors, patients were stratified into four groups: extremely low-, low-, intermediate- and high-risk. The patients at very low risk were treated with surgery only and followed-up. The patients at very low risk were treated with C5V(Cisplatin+ 5-Fluroracil+ Vincristine) regimen for 4 courses. The patients at intermediate risk were treated with C5VD(Cisplatin+ 5-Fluroracil+ Vincristine+ Doxorubicin)regimen before and after surgery for 6-8 courses. The patients at high risk were treated with C5VD and IIV (ifoshamide+ irinotecan+ vincristine) alternately before and after surgery for 8 courses.Results:One hundred patients were stratified into extremely low-risk, low-risk, medium-risk and high-risk groups for 2, 10, 51 and 37 cases, respectively. Eighty three cases had evaluable lesions before chemotherapy. Among them, 65 patients achieved partial remission, stable disease and progressive disease were observed in 10, and 8 cases, respectively, with a response rate of 78.3%. During a median follow-up of 20 months, 30 patients experienced tumor relapse or progression, and 27 of them died. The 2-years progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) rates were 69.2% and 72.0%, respectively. The 2-years PFS rates of patients with extremely low risk, low risk, medium risk and high risk were 100%, 88.9%, 75.3% and 43.2%, respectively. The 2-years OS rates were 100%, 100%, 81.0% and 44.8%, respectively.Conclusions:The novel HB risk classification is simple and feasible. With active comprehensive treatment, patients at extremely low-, low- and medium-risk have excellent outcomes. The survival rate of high-risk HB patients remains to be improved, and new treatment strategies need to be explored.

Objective To investigate the clinical efficacy of rib's strapping-traction technology using absorbable implants combined with memory-alloy ribs embracing fixator in treating multiple rib fractures under video-assisted thoracoscope.Methods A retrospective case control study was performed to analyze 178 patients with multiple rib fractures treated from January 2015 to June 2017.According to the operation method,all patients were divided into observation group (91 patients) and control group (87 patients).The observation group including 59 males and 32 females aged (39.7 ± 7.8)years adopted internal fixation by rib's strapping-traction technology using absorbable implants combined with memory alloy ribs embracing fixator under video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery.The control group including 56 males and 31 females aged (40.2 ± 6.9) years adopted internal fixation by conventional rib's clamping-traction technology using towel forcep combined with memory-alloy ribs embracing fixator under video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery.The incision length,single rib internal fixation time,number of internal fixation rib fractures,visual analogue scale (VAS) score on postoperative 1 d,postoperative chest drainage,postoperative hospital stay,and postoperative fracture healing were compared between the two groups.Results All patients were followed up for 3-30 months (mean,16.7 months).All operations were successful,with no case of thoracotomy.The observation group had shorter incision length [(4.3 ± 1.2) cm vs.(6.2 ± 1.7) cm] and single rib internal fixation time [(10.3±2.9)min vs.(14.1 ±2.3)min] than the control group (P＜0.05).There were no significant differences (P ＞ 0.05) between the two groups in number of internal fixation rib fractures [(5.7±.3.6) vs.(5.9±3.3)],postoperative chest drainage [(668.3 ±131.4)ml vs.(703.7±116.2)ml],postoperative hospital stay [(6.4 ± 1.8) d vs.(6.8 ± 1.7) d],the VAS score on postoperative 1 d [0-3 point,62％ vs.61％;4-6 point,38％ vs.39％],postoperative osteophyte formation rate [postoperative 1 month,97％ vs.95％;postoperative 3 months,100％ vs.100％].Stable chest walls and thoracic deformity recovery were seen in all patients,with no significant complications occurred.Conclusion Rib's strapping-traction technology using absorbable implants combined with memory-alloy ribs embracing fixator under video-assisted thoracoscope is convenient and has exact efficacy for multiple rib fractures,with advantage of shorter incision length and operation time over conventional thoracoscopic surgery,and thus is worthy of clinical application.

Objective To design a speech command module to replace manual command during X-ray examination.Methods The module was composed of the parts for speech,pushbutton actuator,speaker,miniature voice box,power source and etc.The electrical conductors were used to connect the above parts,and the speech command was formed by special software.Results The module had the speech command triggered by the pushbutton,and the speech command was pellucid and clear so that the workload could be decreased.Conclusion The module facilitates the speech command during X-ray examination,and thus is worthy promoting practically.

AIM To study the effects of No.1 Weiyan Decoction (Codonopsis Radix,Paeoniae Radix alba,Taraxaci Herba,etc.) on hypoxia and hypoxic tolerance in gastric mucosal epithelial cells in rats with precancerous lesion of gastric cancer (PLGC).METHODS Forty rats were randomly divided into normal,model,Vitacoenzyme Tablets and No.1 Weiyan Decoction groups.Except for the normal group,the rats in the other groups were given with N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine and Little Chengqi Decoction to establish a PLGC rat model.Ten weeks after the administration,the gastric mucosal epithelial microvascular ultrastructure was observed,the expressions of Hif1a mRNA,HIF-1 α protein and VEGF protein in gastric mucosal epithelium were detected.RESULTS Compared with the normal group,the number of microvasculatures in gastric mucosal epithelium was decreased;lumen was severely stenosed or expansive;inner wall was not smooth and had adhesion;vascular endothelial cells were swollen;the expression of Hif1α mRNA showed an increasing trend;the expressions of HIF-1α protein and VEGF protein were anomalous in the model group.Compared with the model group,the gastric mucosal vascular lesion of PLGC rats was improved,and the expressions of Hif1a mRNA,HIF-1α protein and VEGF protein were significantly decreased in the No.1 Weiyan Decoction group.CONCLUSION No.1 Weiyan Decoction can improve hypoxia and hypoxia tolerance,and induce angiogenesis in gastric mucosal epithelium in PLGC rats.

Objective To explore the value of intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM) imaging in evaluating diffusion and perfusion variations in subacute brain infarction.Methods MRI data of 35 patients with subacute brain infarction were analyzed retrospectively,including routine DWI,IVIM imaging and three-dimensional arterial spin labeling (3D-ASL) sequence.The ADC maps were obtained by routine DWI sequence.Pure molecular-based diffusion coefficient (D) maps,pseudo diffusion coefficient of perfusion (D*) maps and perfusion fraction (f) maps were obtained by IVIM sequence.Cerebral blood flow (CBF) maps were obtained by 3D-ASL sequence.ADC,D,D*,f,CBF values and the relative values (rADC,rD,rD*,rf,rCBF) of brain infarction lesion and contralateral mirror area were calculated.All the parameters between brain infarction lesion and contralateral mirror area were compared.The correlations were analyzed between rADC value and rD,rD*,rf values respectively,as well as between rCBF value and rD,rD*,rf values respectively.Results Quantitative analysis showed significant decreases of ADC,D,D*,f and CBF values in the brain infarction lesion compared with those in the contralateral mirror area (all P＜0.05).There were positive correlations between rADC value and rD,rf values (r=0.687,0.601,P=0.005,0.018).And the positive correlation was found between rCBF value and rf value (r=0.581,P=0.022).Conclusion IVIM imaging can concurrently provide the perfusion and diffusion informations of subacute brain infarction patients,which is helpful to further elucidate the mechanisms of subacute brain infarction.