Objective:To investigate the effect of laboratory indicators on hair loss in patients with female pattern hair loss (FPHL).Methods:Patients with FPHL who visited the Outpatient Clinic of the Department of Medical Aesthetics in Hangzhou First People’s Hospital from November 2022 to November 2023 were selected as the study group, and healthy women who matched the age of the study group in the physical examination center during the same period were selected as the control group. The general information of the patient was recorded, and was also tested by trichoscopy to rule out other patterns of alopecia. Representative indicators including testosterone, dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate(DHEA-S), thyroid-stimulating hormone, 25-hydroxyvitamin D, and serum ferritin were selected from laboratory tests for further analysis. Otherwise, the proportion of deficiency in vitamin D(<20 ng/ml) was calculated based on 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels (number of deficiency cases/total number of cases in each group×100%). Count data were presented as samples (percentages), and chi-square test was used for comparison between groups. Normally distributed continuous data were presented with Mean±SD, independent samples t-test was used for comparison between groups, M( Q1, Q3) was used for non-normally distributed continuous data, and Wilcoxon rank-sum test was used for comparison between groups. Multivariate logistic regression was used to analyze the influencing factors of FPHL. P<0.05 was statistically significant. Results:A total of 37 patients were selected in both groups. The mean age was (28.8±1.3) years in the study group and (29.6±0.9) years in the control group ( t=0.49, P=0.625). The body mass index was (22.8±0.4) kg/m 2 in the study group, and (23.5±0.3) kg/m 2 in the control group ( t=1.26, P=0.211). The testosterone level was 0.58 (0.49, 0.79) nmol/L in the study group, and 0.54 (0.50, 0.78) nmol/L in the control group( Z=1.42, P=0.157). The level of DHEA-S was 6.21 (5.18, 9.60) μmol/L in the study group, and 6.20 (5.20, 9.34) μmol/L in the control group ( Z=2.75, P=0.006). The level of thyroid-stimulating hormone was 2.56 (1.55, 3.66) mU/L in the study group and 1.49 (1.05, 2.65) mU/L in the control group ( Z=2.51, P=0.012). The level of 25-hydroxyvitamin D was 15.44 (11.80, 21.20) ng/ml in the study group, and the level of 25-hydroxyvitamin D was 20.32 (12.07, 21.20) ng/ml in the control group ( Z=2.30, P=0.021), and the proportion of 25-hydroxyvitamin D deficiency in the study group was 64.9% (24/37), which was higher than that in the control group [40.5% (15/37)] ( χ2=4.39, P=0.036). The serum ferritin level was 64.44 (39.47, 133.45) μg/L in the study group and 67.75 (52.63, 143.83) μg/L in the control group ( Z=0.70, P=0.484). The results of multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the risk of FPHL was increased by the high level of DHEA-S and thyroid-stimulating hormone, and the low level of 25-hydroxyvitamin D (all P<0.05). Conclusion:Abnormal level of DHEA-S, thyroid-stimulating hormone, and 25-hydroxyvitamin D may be risk factors for FPHL.

Objective:To investigate the effect of laboratory indicators on hair loss in patients with female pattern hair loss (FPHL).Methods:Patients with FPHL who visited the Outpatient Clinic of the Department of Medical Aesthetics in Hangzhou First People’s Hospital from November 2022 to November 2023 were selected as the study group, and healthy women who matched the age of the study group in the physical examination center during the same period were selected as the control group. The general information of the patient was recorded, and was also tested by trichoscopy to rule out other patterns of alopecia. Representative indicators including testosterone, dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate(DHEA-S), thyroid-stimulating hormone, 25-hydroxyvitamin D, and serum ferritin were selected from laboratory tests for further analysis. Otherwise, the proportion of deficiency in vitamin D(<20 ng/ml) was calculated based on 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels (number of deficiency cases/total number of cases in each group×100%). Count data were presented as samples (percentages), and chi-square test was used for comparison between groups. Normally distributed continuous data were presented with Mean±SD, independent samples t-test was used for comparison between groups, M( Q1, Q3) was used for non-normally distributed continuous data, and Wilcoxon rank-sum test was used for comparison between groups. Multivariate logistic regression was used to analyze the influencing factors of FPHL. P<0.05 was statistically significant. Results:A total of 37 patients were selected in both groups. The mean age was (28.8±1.3) years in the study group and (29.6±0.9) years in the control group ( t=0.49, P=0.625). The body mass index was (22.8±0.4) kg/m 2 in the study group, and (23.5±0.3) kg/m 2 in the control group ( t=1.26, P=0.211). The testosterone level was 0.58 (0.49, 0.79) nmol/L in the study group, and 0.54 (0.50, 0.78) nmol/L in the control group( Z=1.42, P=0.157). The level of DHEA-S was 6.21 (5.18, 9.60) μmol/L in the study group, and 6.20 (5.20, 9.34) μmol/L in the control group ( Z=2.75, P=0.006). The level of thyroid-stimulating hormone was 2.56 (1.55, 3.66) mU/L in the study group and 1.49 (1.05, 2.65) mU/L in the control group ( Z=2.51, P=0.012). The level of 25-hydroxyvitamin D was 15.44 (11.80, 21.20) ng/ml in the study group, and the level of 25-hydroxyvitamin D was 20.32 (12.07, 21.20) ng/ml in the control group ( Z=2.30, P=0.021), and the proportion of 25-hydroxyvitamin D deficiency in the study group was 64.9% (24/37), which was higher than that in the control group [40.5% (15/37)] ( χ2=4.39, P=0.036). The serum ferritin level was 64.44 (39.47, 133.45) μg/L in the study group and 67.75 (52.63, 143.83) μg/L in the control group ( Z=0.70, P=0.484). The results of multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the risk of FPHL was increased by the high level of DHEA-S and thyroid-stimulating hormone, and the low level of 25-hydroxyvitamin D (all P<0.05). Conclusion:Abnormal level of DHEA-S, thyroid-stimulating hormone, and 25-hydroxyvitamin D may be risk factors for FPHL.

Objective:To study the effect of bridge orbicularis oculi muscle flap blepharoptosis in the treatment of post-burn scar contracture ectropion.Methods:The clinical data of patients wih post-burn cicatricial ectropion treated with bridge orbicularis oculi muscle flap from April 2006 to September 2020 of Department of Plastic Surgery, Affiliated Hangzhou First People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Westlake University were analyzed retrospectively. For patients with severe eyelid scar contracture caused by head and face burns, after releasing the scar and resetting the eyelid margin, orbicularis oculi muscle flaps were made at the base of the upper and lower eyelid release incision, crossed the muscle flap over the eyelid adhesion point of the eye fissure, by performed bridge cross transfer, and fixed to the orbicularis oculi muscle at the base of the release incision to form eyelid adhesion. H-shaped full-thickness skin graft or medium-thickness skin graft was performed on the defect wound during the operation. Tie-over dressing fixation in the skin graft area. One year after the operation, it was confirmed that the skin graft was stable and there was no recurrence of ectropion, and then cut the adhesion. Follow-up for more than one year after the operation, foreign body sensation, conjunctival sac pusc, skin graft survival, success rate of eyelid adhesion, anti-stretching effect of muscle flap, skin retraction rate and complications were observed. The distances between eyelid margins preoperative and after incision of eyelid adhesion were measured. SPSS 25.0 software was used for data statistics, measurement data was represented by M ( Q1, Q3), and counting data was represented by cases. Results:Fourteen patients (23 eyes) were included in this study, including 11 males and 3 females, aged 41.5 (32.5, 47.0) years, and the time from burn to this treatment was 13.5 (10, 24) months. 5 cases (7 eyes) were not treated with skin grafting or blepharoptosis after burn, and 9 cases (16 eyes) were treated with blepharoptosis and/or skin transplantation. The area of skin graft during operation was 37 mm ×18 mm to 52 mm ×39 mm. Before operation, the distance between the upper and lower eyelid margins was 14 (12, 14) mm when eyes were open, and 6 (5, 9) mm when eyes were closed. After eyelid adhesion surgery, the patient had no foreign body sensation and infection, and all the skin grafts survived. The success rate of blepharoptosis was 100%, and there was no accidental rupture or elongation. The eyelid adhesions contracted synchronously when the patients closed their eyes, and the muscle flap had good anti-stretching effect. The duration of blepharoptosis was 13(12, 24) months, during which no complications or adverse reactions occurred. The average skin graft retraction rate was 9% (5%, 10%) in half a year. After incision of the orbicularis oculi muscle flap, the distance between the upper and lower eyelid margins was 9 (8, 9) mm when the eyes were open, and 0 (0, 0) mm when the eyes were closed.Conclusion:Bridge orbicularis oculi muscle flap tarsorrhaphy can provide long-term tarsorrhaphy, effectively reduce skin contracture after eyelid skin grafting, and has a stable therapeutic effect on postburn ectropion.

Objective:To study the effect of bridge orbicularis oculi muscle flap blepharoptosis in the treatment of post-burn scar contracture ectropion.Methods:The clinical data of patients wih post-burn cicatricial ectropion treated with bridge orbicularis oculi muscle flap from April 2006 to September 2020 of Department of Plastic Surgery, Affiliated Hangzhou First People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Westlake University were analyzed retrospectively. For patients with severe eyelid scar contracture caused by head and face burns, after releasing the scar and resetting the eyelid margin, orbicularis oculi muscle flaps were made at the base of the upper and lower eyelid release incision, crossed the muscle flap over the eyelid adhesion point of the eye fissure, by performed bridge cross transfer, and fixed to the orbicularis oculi muscle at the base of the release incision to form eyelid adhesion. H-shaped full-thickness skin graft or medium-thickness skin graft was performed on the defect wound during the operation. Tie-over dressing fixation in the skin graft area. One year after the operation, it was confirmed that the skin graft was stable and there was no recurrence of ectropion, and then cut the adhesion. Follow-up for more than one year after the operation, foreign body sensation, conjunctival sac pusc, skin graft survival, success rate of eyelid adhesion, anti-stretching effect of muscle flap, skin retraction rate and complications were observed. The distances between eyelid margins preoperative and after incision of eyelid adhesion were measured. SPSS 25.0 software was used for data statistics, measurement data was represented by M ( Q1, Q3), and counting data was represented by cases. Results:Fourteen patients (23 eyes) were included in this study, including 11 males and 3 females, aged 41.5 (32.5, 47.0) years, and the time from burn to this treatment was 13.5 (10, 24) months. 5 cases (7 eyes) were not treated with skin grafting or blepharoptosis after burn, and 9 cases (16 eyes) were treated with blepharoptosis and/or skin transplantation. The area of skin graft during operation was 37 mm ×18 mm to 52 mm ×39 mm. Before operation, the distance between the upper and lower eyelid margins was 14 (12, 14) mm when eyes were open, and 6 (5, 9) mm when eyes were closed. After eyelid adhesion surgery, the patient had no foreign body sensation and infection, and all the skin grafts survived. The success rate of blepharoptosis was 100%, and there was no accidental rupture or elongation. The eyelid adhesions contracted synchronously when the patients closed their eyes, and the muscle flap had good anti-stretching effect. The duration of blepharoptosis was 13(12, 24) months, during which no complications or adverse reactions occurred. The average skin graft retraction rate was 9% (5%, 10%) in half a year. After incision of the orbicularis oculi muscle flap, the distance between the upper and lower eyelid margins was 9 (8, 9) mm when the eyes were open, and 0 (0, 0) mm when the eyes were closed.Conclusion:Bridge orbicularis oculi muscle flap tarsorrhaphy can provide long-term tarsorrhaphy, effectively reduce skin contracture after eyelid skin grafting, and has a stable therapeutic effect on postburn ectropion.

Objective:To explore the applicability of the distance between facial marks classification in evaluating the severity of androgenic alopecia in men.Methods:From June to December 2019, the male Chinese with diagnosis of androgenic alopecia were evaluated in the specific clinic of alopecia of Hangzhou First People’s Hospital according to the distance between facial marks and BASP(basic and specific) classification. The classification based on the distance between facial marks measures the distance from the facial marks of the anterior hairline to the horizontal line of the eyebrow and the longest radius of hair loss in the hair rotation center, the hair recession of the patient’s forehead (F), temporal (M) and vertex (V) parts. The hair loss in each region is rated as 0-3 grade from light to heavy, and the final hair loss grading is expressed as FnMnVn, such as F1M2V0. The highest grade of hair loss in F, M and V is the overall grade of hair loss. SPSS 25.0 software was used to statistically analyze the general data of patients, and Kappa test was used to evaluate the consistency between the results of the distance classification and BASP classification. The repeatability of the distance classification was tested by the repetition rate of three hair loss specialists. When two or more specialists gave the same evaluation among the three hair loss specialists, the result was regarded as the standard result. The ease of use of the distance between facial marks classification was tested by the consistency rate between the grading results of two temporary trained general doctors and the standard results.Results:A total of 150 male patients, aged (32.8±7.9) years (19-58 years), were included, of which 99 patients were 24-35 years old, accounting for 66.00%. It can be observed that the onset age was earlier. As assessed in this classification, the patients who participated in the study were graded as mild in 65 cases(43.33%), severe in 58 cases(38.67%), and moderate, which was consistency with the results obtained by BASP classification ( κ=0.573, P<0.001). Three experienced alopecia specialists evaluated 150 patients through the distance between facial marks. The results showed that the repetition rates of frontal, temporal and parietal classification results were 98.00%(147/150), 97.33%(146/150) and 96.00%(144/150), respectively. The repetition rate of the final alopecia classification was 92.00%(138/150), and the repetition rate of the overall alopecia classification was 98.00%(147/150). The consistency rate between the overall alopecia classification results of two temporary trained general doctors and the standard results was 95.92%(141/147) and 96.60%(142/147), respectively, and the consistency rate of the other results was higher than 90.00% except for one general doctor who was 89.86%(124/138) in the final classification. Conclusion:The distance between facial marks classification is a comparatively accurate and easy-to-learn grading method designed for Chinese male androgenic hair loss patients based on objective measurement data.

Objective:To explore the applicability of the distance between facial marks classification in evaluating the severity of androgenic alopecia in men.Methods:From June to December 2019, the male Chinese with diagnosis of androgenic alopecia were evaluated in the specific clinic of alopecia of Hangzhou First People’s Hospital according to the distance between facial marks and BASP(basic and specific) classification. The classification based on the distance between facial marks measures the distance from the facial marks of the anterior hairline to the horizontal line of the eyebrow and the longest radius of hair loss in the hair rotation center, the hair recession of the patient’s forehead (F), temporal (M) and vertex (V) parts. The hair loss in each region is rated as 0-3 grade from light to heavy, and the final hair loss grading is expressed as FnMnVn, such as F1M2V0. The highest grade of hair loss in F, M and V is the overall grade of hair loss. SPSS 25.0 software was used to statistically analyze the general data of patients, and Kappa test was used to evaluate the consistency between the results of the distance classification and BASP classification. The repeatability of the distance classification was tested by the repetition rate of three hair loss specialists. When two or more specialists gave the same evaluation among the three hair loss specialists, the result was regarded as the standard result. The ease of use of the distance between facial marks classification was tested by the consistency rate between the grading results of two temporary trained general doctors and the standard results.Results:A total of 150 male patients, aged (32.8±7.9) years (19-58 years), were included, of which 99 patients were 24-35 years old, accounting for 66.00%. It can be observed that the onset age was earlier. As assessed in this classification, the patients who participated in the study were graded as mild in 65 cases(43.33%), severe in 58 cases(38.67%), and moderate, which was consistency with the results obtained by BASP classification ( κ=0.573, P<0.001). Three experienced alopecia specialists evaluated 150 patients through the distance between facial marks. The results showed that the repetition rates of frontal, temporal and parietal classification results were 98.00%(147/150), 97.33%(146/150) and 96.00%(144/150), respectively. The repetition rate of the final alopecia classification was 92.00%(138/150), and the repetition rate of the overall alopecia classification was 98.00%(147/150). The consistency rate between the overall alopecia classification results of two temporary trained general doctors and the standard results was 95.92%(141/147) and 96.60%(142/147), respectively, and the consistency rate of the other results was higher than 90.00% except for one general doctor who was 89.86%(124/138) in the final classification. Conclusion:The distance between facial marks classification is a comparatively accurate and easy-to-learn grading method designed for Chinese male androgenic hair loss patients based on objective measurement data.

Recent studies have showed that thrombosis is closely related to leucocytes involved in immunity. Interfering with the binding of leukocyte integrin Mac-1 and platelet GPIbα can inhibit thrombosis without affecting physiological coagulation. Mac-1-GPIbα is proposed as a potential safety target for antithrombotic agents. Guanxinning tablet (GXNT) is an oral Chinese patent medicine used for the treatment of angina pectoris, which contains phenolic acid active ingredients, such as salvianolic acids, ferulic acid, chlorogenic acid, caffeic acid, rosmarinic acid, tanshinol, and protocatechualdehyde. Our previous studies demonstrated that GXN exhibited significant antithrombotic effects, and clinical studies suggested that it did not increase bleeding risk. In addition, GXN exerted a significantly regulatory effect on immune inflammation. In the current study, we intended to evaluate the effects of GXN on bleeding events and explore the safety antithrombotic mechanism of GXN based on leukocyte-platelet interaction. First, we established a gastric ulcer model induced by acetic acid in rats and found that GXN not only did not increase the degree of gastrointestinal bleeding when gastric ulcer occurred, but also had a certain promoting effect on the healing of gastric ulcer. Second, in vitroexperiments showed that after pretreatment with GXN and activation by phorbol 12-myristate-13-acetate (PMA), the adhesion and aggregation of leukocytes with human platelets were reduced. It was also found that GXN reduced the expression and activation of Mac-1 in leucocytes, and inhibited platelet activation due to leukocyte engagement via Mac-1. Overall, the results suggest that GXN may be a safe antithrombotic agent, and its low bleeding risk mechanism is probably related to inhibited leukocyte-platelet aggregation and its interaction target Mac-1-GPIbα.
Animals ; Fibrinolytic Agents ; Humans ; Integrins ; Leukocytes ; Macrophage-1 Antigen ; Rats ; Stomach Ulcer ; Tablets ; Thrombosis

In this paper, the low-field nuclear magnetic resonance technology CPMG (Carr-Purcell-Meiboom-Gill) echo method was used to determine the cross-linking degree and cross-linking density of crospovidone (PVPP) from different manufacturers. Based on the seven physical properties of PVPP, a fingerprint spectrum (radar chart) of twenty secondary quality indicators were obtained, and three compressibility evaluation indicators, index of the parameter (IP), index of parametric profile (IPP), index of good compression (IGC) were calculated by the fingerprint spectrum. It was found that the cross-linking degree and compressibility index IP of PVPP showed a strong correlation (r = 0.816) by the correlation analysis, indicating that the cross-linking degree is one of the key quality attributes for evaluating the compressibility of PVPP.

An HPLC pre-column derivatization detection method was established to detect and analyze the formaldehyde and acetaldehyde in polysorbate 80 and polysorbate 20 from different manufacturers.The effects of aldehyde and acetaldehyde on the aggregation of adalimumab under different conditions were monitored.Based on the control of genotoxic impurities and the influence on the stability of monoclonal antibody preparations, the control limits of the two chemicals were preliminarily obtained.2, 4-dinitrophenylhydrazine (2, 4-DNPH) was applied as the derivatization reagent in HPLC pre-column derivatization; acetonitrile and water were used as mobile phase to perform a gradient elution on a C8 (4.6 mm × 150 mm, 5 μm) chromatographic column.The detection wavelength was 360 nm, and the external standard method was used for quantification.Verification results showed that the method was suitable for the quantitative analysis of trace formaldehyde and acetaldehyde in polysorbate 80 and polysorbate 20 . The detection and analysis of formaldehyde or acetaldehyde in different batches of polysorbate 80 and polysorbate 20 from different manufacturers showed that the content of formaldehyde and acetaldehyde were quite different. The content of formaldehyde and acetaldehyde in polysorbate 80 were significantly higher than those of polysorbate 20. After monitoring the changes of adalimumab aggregates treated by formaldehyde and acetaldehyde by size exclusion chromatography (SEC), it was found that the effect of formaldehyde on adalimumab aggregation was significantly higher than that of acetaldehyde.According to the requirements of ICH M7 (International Conference on Harmonisation of Technical Requirements for Registration of Pharmaceuticals for Human Use, M7: Assessment and Control of DNA Reactive (Mutagenic) Impurities in Pharmaceuticals to Limit Potential Carcinogenic Risk), the impurity limits of formaldehyde and acetaldehyde in polysorbate 80 and polysorbate 20 for monoclonal antibody preparations were calculated from the perspective of risk assessment.Combined with the influence on the aggregation stability of monoclonal antibodies, the preliminary limis for acetaldehyde and acetaldehyde were recommended to be ≤ 7 μg/g and ≤ 765 μg/g, respectively.

Objective:To evaluate the effects of wearing N95 mask on the quality of chest compression and fatigue.Methods:A total of 80 participants from Zhongnan Hospital with basic life support (BLS) certification conferred by American Heart Association (AHA) within two years were enrolled. After reviewing the key points of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) and grasping the operation on the manikin, they were randomized (random number) into two groups: wearing surgical masks (SM group, n=40) and wearing N95 masks (N95 group, n=40) during CPR. Each participant performed a 2-minute chest compression-only CPR on the manikin. Participants' height, body weight, Borg scores and physiological parameters before and after CPR were recorded. The quality of chest compression (including compression depth, compression rate, adequate depth proportions, adequate rate proportions, hand position and complete chest recoil) were recorded by Laerdal QCPR ? software. Student's t test and Mann-Whitney test were used to compare the differences of chest compression quality indexes between the two groups. Results:Compared with the SM group, participants in the N95 group had significantly increased median of Borg scores after CPR (16 vs 14, P=0.027), and decreased quality of chest compression, including the decline in compression depth (mean 47 mm vs 52 mm, P=0.020), compression rate (107 times/min vs 118 times/min, P=0.004), complete chest recoil rate (89.8% vs 98.1%, P=0.046), adequate depth proportions (67.4% vs 89.6%, P<0.01) and adequate rate proportions (60.6% vs 74.8%, P<0.01). Conclusions:Wearing N95 masks during CPR decreases the quality of chest compression and aggravates rescuers’ fatigue. Therefore, it is necessary to exchange rescuers more frequently to ensure the quality of chest compression when wearing N95 masks.