ObjectiveTo investigate the current situation of health communication carried out by medical institutions in Shanghai through new media platforms such as WeChat， Weibo， Toutiao， Douyin， Kuaishou， Bilibili and WeChat Videos， and to propose targeted measures. MethodsBased on the systematic collection of new media accounts of medical institutions in Shanghai， and through the combination of keyword screening and manual audit， health communication data of medical institutions on new media platforms were determined. ResultsData from 1 117 new media accounts of 162 medical institutions in Shanghai were collected， including 610 WeChat official accounts， 105 WeChat video accounts， 89 Weibo accounts， 18 Bilibili accounts， 198 Douyin accounts， 37 Toutiao accounts， and 60 Kuaishou accounts， totaling 111 853 posts. After keyword sorting and manual screening， a total of 66 761 health science posts were collected， with WeChat Official Accounts， Douyin， and Weibo having the top three highest number of posts. Video-based new media such as Douyin， WeChat Videos， Kuaishou， and Bilibili had a better communication impact than text and image-based new media like WeChat Official Accounts， Weibo， and Toutiao. Among them， Douyin and Toutiao were the best platforms for video and text-image-based new media， respectively. ConclusionMedical institutions in Shanghai recognize the importance of new media in health communication and have made full use of various media platforms to carry out health communication，having a certain impact on health education. In the future， medical institutions should choose appropriate platforms based on target audiences and content characteristics， fully leverage the advantages of various platforms， explore innovative communication strategies， promote the dissemination of health knowledge， and enhance the health literacy of the public.

Humans ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins p21(ras)/genetics* ; Prognosis ; Biomarkers, Tumor/genetics* ; Mutation/genetics* ; Colorectal Neoplasms/genetics* ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins B-raf/metabolism*

BACKGROUND:Lung cancer is one of the most common malignant tumors with the worst prognosis worldwide.Its incidence rate and mortality rate have long been among the top of malignant tumors.The heterogeneity and drug resistance are among the reasons contributing to its poor prognosis.Lung cancer organoid,which is a 3D in vitro model cultured from patient-derived tumor cells recapitulating the biological characteristics of the primary tumor,can be used for various researches of lung cancer. OBJECTIVE:To review the application and research progress of lung cancer organoids in chemotherapy,targeted therapy,and immunotherapy drug sensitivity screening,analyze its limitations,aiming to provide new strategies for personalized and precision medicine of lung cancer. METHODS:The first author searched relevant articles published from 2013 to 2023 in CNKI and PubMed in July 2023.The search terms were"organoid,lung cancer organoid,lung cancer experimental model,precision medicine,drug sensitivity test,chemotherapy,targeted therapy,immunotherapy"in Chinese and English.Finally,a total of 84 articles were incorporated. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)Compared with traditional lung cancer research models,which can only demonstrate two-dimensional cell activities,lack cell-to-cell interactions,and suffer from species differences,lung cancer organoids offer a diverse cell source and continuously optimized culture conditions.They can simulate cellular interactions in a three-dimensional context while retaining the biological characteristics of the original tumor.These organoids represent a promising research model with significant potential,providing a solid foundation for their use in cancer drug screening.(2)Lung cancer organoids have shown preliminary significance in guiding anticancer drug selection.Their predictive outcomes align closely with actual clinical outcomes,marking a pivotal step towards precision in lung cancer treatment.By assessing the efficacy of common chemotherapy,targeted therapy,and immunotherapy drugs,these organoids enable the customization of individualized treatment strategies,reducing unnecessary drug trials and toxic and side reaction while exploring possible alternative drugs or combination regimens for drug resistance issues so as to guide the precision treatment of rare mutated lung cancer and fill the clinical gap.A more comprehensive drug evaluation is provided by comparing the activity of different drugs.Additionally,it is essential to consider the internal heterogeneity of organoids,emphasizing the importance of multiple sampling to enhance result accuracy.(3)Lung cancer organoids have limitations in practical applications such as inconsistent success rates and purity in cultivation and the lack of vascular tissue.To address these shortcomings,improvements are needed in cultivation conditions,expedited testing processes,and the development of multi-organ systems to simulate the overall effects of drugs in multiple organs.These enhancements will contribute to a more accurate assessment of drug efficacy and toxicity,thereby enhancing the precision of lung cancer treatment.

Objective To observe value of thin slice CT multiple signs combined with multiplanar reformation(MPR)for diagnosing tracheobronchial tuberculosis(TBTB).Methods Data of 234 TBTB patients who underwent chest thin slice CT scanning were retrospectively analyzed.MPR was performed,the direct signs and indirect signs of TBTB were observed.The diagnostic efficacy of axial plain CT images(direct observation)and of MPR combined with the former(combined observation)were compared.Results The sensitivity,specificity,positive predictive value,negative predictive value and accuracy of direct observation was 38.88％(201/517),98.13％(1 789/1 823),85.53％(201/235),84.99％(1 789/2 105)and 85.04％(1 990/2 340),respectively,of combined observation was 91.10％(471/517),98.85％(1 802/1 823),95.54％(471/493),97.51％(1 802/1 848)and 97.14％(2 273/2 340),respectively.Significant differences of sensitivity,positive predictive value,negative predictive value and accuracy were found(all P＜0.001),whereas no significant difference of specificity was found between 2 methods(P＞0.05).Conclusion Thin slice CT multiple signs combined with MPR could be used to effectively diagnose TBTB.

BACKGROUND:Current studies have confirmed that Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides can promote nerve regeneration in neurodegeneration-related diseases.The occurrence of neurodegenerative diseases is closely related to mitochondrial dysfunction,but the role of Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides on the regulation of apoptosis and mitochondrial function in neurodegenerative diseases is not yet clarified. OBJECTIVE:To explore the regulatory effects and mechanisms of Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides on apoptosis and mitochondrial dysfunction in H2O2-induced SH-SY5Y cells. METHODS:SH-SY5Y cells were divided into three groups:control group,H2O2 group,and Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides group.Cells in the control group were normally cultured.Cells in the H2O2 group were treated with 300 μmol/L H2O2 for 24 hours.In the Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides group,the intervention with 300 μg/L Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides was conducted first for 1-2 hours,followed by the addition of 300 μmol/L H2O2 for 24 hours.The mitochondrial membrane potential was detected by JC-1 kit.Apoptosis was detected by TUNEL staining kit.The activities of malondialdehyde and superoxide dismutase were detected by malondialdehyde test kit and superoxide dismutase test kit,respectively.The apoptosis and expression of mitochondrial dynamics-related proteins were detected by immunofluorescence staining and western blot assay. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)Compared with the control group,the mitochondrial membrane potential and superoxide dismutase activity were significantly reduced,as well as apoptotic rate and malondialdehyde levels were significantly increased in the H2O2 group(P<0.05).After treatment with Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides,the membrane potential and superoxide dismutase activities were significantly increased,and apoptotic rate and malondialdehyde levels were significantly reduced compared with the H2O2 group(P<0.05).(2)The expression levels of pro-apoptotic proteins Bax and Caspase-3 were significantly increased,but the expression of anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2 was significantly decreased in the H2O2 group compared with the control group(P<0.05).Compared with the H2O2 group,the levels of Bax and Caspase-3 were significantly decreased,but the expression of anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2 was significantly increased in the Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides group(P<0.05).(3)Compared with the control group,the expression of mitochondrial splitting proteins Fis1 and p-Drp1 was significantly increased,but the expression of mitochondrial fusion proteins OPA1,Mfn1,and Mfn2 was decreased in the H2O2 group(P<0.05).Compared with the H2O2 group,Fis1 and p-Drp1 expression was significantly reduced,but the expression levels of OPA1,Mfn1,and Mfn2 were significantly increased in the Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides group(P<0.05).(4)The above results confirm that Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides can attenuate H2O2-induced oxidative stress damage and apoptosis in SH-SY5Y cells by ameliorating mitochondrial dysfunction.

ObjectiveTo understand the characteristics of PM_2.5 pollution in the air of Pearl River Delta city in Guangdong Province under the COVID-19 epidemic and the health risks of inhaling elements in PM_2.5. MethodsIn 2022， 10 PM_2.5 monitoring points were set up in 10 districts in Guangzhou， Shenzhen， Foshan and Zhuhai， and air samples were collected for 7 consecutive days every month to analyze the concentration of PM_2.5 and the 12 elements in PM_2.5. The classic "four-step" method was used to evaluate the carcinogenic risk and chronic non-carcinogenic risk of the elements in air PM_2.5 on health. The age-sensitive characteristics of metal elements were combined in the carcinogenic risk assessment， and age-sensitive factors were introduced to analyze the impact of air pollution on population health. ResultsA total of818 samples were collected. and the average annual PM_2.5 concentration in the four cities of the Pearl River Delta was 30.17 （1.00-166.00， s=21.06） μg·m^-3， which was lower than the concentration limit of the secondary standard of the Ambient Air Quality Standard （GB 3095-2012）. The difference of PM_2.5 concentration in the four cities was statistically significant. The PM_2.5 concentrations in Zhuhai and Shenzhen， which were located near the sea， were lower than those in Guangzhou and Foshan. The monthly mean concentration of PM_2.5 in the four cities was the lowest at 13.70 （4.00-34.00， s=5.93） μg·m^-3 in July and the highest at 57.73 （14.00-146.00， s=27.96） μg·m^-3 in January， showing a low concentration from May to October and a high concentration from November to April of the following year. The average daily PM_2.5 concentration exceeded the secondary standard for 29 days， mainly distributed in January and November. The average annual mass concentration of elements in PM_2.5 in the four cities was Al>Mn>Pb>As>Ni>Cr>Se>Sb>Cd>Tl>Be>Hg. AS and Mn have chronic non-carcinogenic risk in population， while Cr， AS， Cd， Be and Ni have carcinogenic risk in population. ConclusionThe PM_2.5 pollution levels of the four cities in the Pearl River Delta are low and variable. Coastal cities are lower than non-coastal cities， which shows the characteristics of first decreasing and then increasing throughout the year. The order of mass concentration of metal elements of PM_2.5 in four cities is basically the same except Be and Ni. As and Mn in PM_2.5 show a certain degree of chronic non-carcinogenic risk， and As， Cr， Cd， Ni and Be have a certain degree of carcinogenic risk. The four cities need to take effective intervention measures to continue to strengthen the pollution control and health protection of Cr， As， Cd and Mn in the air， and control the health burden caused by air pollution.

ObjectiveTo investigate the effects of health distress on depression and anxiety among the middle-aged and elderly hearing-impaired people, and to explore the mediating effect of social capital, so as to provide an evidence for the implementation of appropriate interventions. MethodsA face-to-face self-designed questionnaire survey was conducted on 271 middle-aged and elderly hearing-impaired people aged 50 years and above in Shanghai from September 2021 to February 2022, including the general information of the subjects, social capital scale, hospital anxiety and depression scale, and health distress scale. The higher the total scores of the social capital scale, the higher level of social capital. Higher scores on the hospital anxiety and depression scale indicate more severe anxiety and depression, and scores >7 points were used to define an anxiety or depression status. The higher scores of the health distress scale, the worse the health condition of the respondents. Univariate and multivariate linear regression models were used to investigate the effects of health distress on depression and anxiety, and the mediating effects were used to test the mediating role of social capital between health distress and depression and anxiety. ResultsThe mean scores of depression, anxiety, social capital and health distress among the middle-aged and elderly hearing-impaired people aged 50 years and above were (11.063±5.892), (58.391±15.273) and (6.384±4.787) points, respectively. Health distress scores were positively correlated with social capital scores, health distress was positively correlated with depression and anxiety, while social capital was negatively correlated with depression and anxiety (all P<0.05). Social capital had masking effects on the relationship between health distress, depression and anxiety (all P<0.05), which accounted for 24.11% and 18.93% in the effects of depression and anxiety, respectively. ConclusionThe levels of depression and anxiety are higher among the middle-aged and elderly hearing-impaired people aged 50 years and above, and health distress can affect the levels of depression and anxiety through social capital. Health workers should take measures to reduce health distress and improve social capital among the middle-aged and elderly hearing-impaired people, so as to further alleviate the occurrence and development of depression and anxiety.

Objective To explore the difference in gut microbiota composition between patients with obstructive sleep apnea(OSA)and healthy individuals and the role of gut microbiota in the pathogenesis of OSA.Methods Thirty-nine patients with OSA admitted to our hospital between May and December,2022 and 20 healthy individuals were enrolled in this study.Stool samples were collected from all the participants for analysis of microbiome composition using 16S rRNA high-throughput sequencing analysis.The alpha diversity,beta diversity,and species difference were determined between the two groups and marker species analysis and metabolic pathway function prediction analysis were performed.Results The species diversity(Shannon and Simpson)indexes,richness(observed species)and evenness(Pielou)of gut microbiota were significantly lower in OSA patients than in the healthy individuals(P<0.05).The OSA patients had also a significantly lowered community diversity(P<0.05)with different gut microbial communities from those of the healthy individuals shown by increased relative abundance of potentially pathogenic bacteria such as Pseudomonas and Monocytogenes(P<0.05).LEfSe analysis showed that the abundance of 23 species of gut microbiota differed significantly between the two groups and the OSA patients had significant increases in the abundance of Pseudomonas,Meganomonas,and Fusobacterium(P<0.05).The differential marker flora affected host homeostasis.Random Forest and ROC curve analyses confirmed that Pseudomonas could be used as important biomarkers for a differential diagnosis.Metabolic pathway function prediction analysis showed that biosynthesis function had the greatest contribution to maintaining gut microbiota homeostasis,and Pseudomonas affected the occurrence and progression of OSA by participating in aromatic bioamine degradation and ketogluconic acid metabolic pathway.Conclusion OSA patients have obvious gut microbiota disturbances,and Pseudomonas may affect the development of OSA by participating in substance metabolism to serve as the potential target gut bacteria for OSA treatment.

Objective To explore the difference in gut microbiota composition between patients with obstructive sleep apnea(OSA)and healthy individuals and the role of gut microbiota in the pathogenesis of OSA.Methods Thirty-nine patients with OSA admitted to our hospital between May and December,2022 and 20 healthy individuals were enrolled in this study.Stool samples were collected from all the participants for analysis of microbiome composition using 16S rRNA high-throughput sequencing analysis.The alpha diversity,beta diversity,and species difference were determined between the two groups and marker species analysis and metabolic pathway function prediction analysis were performed.Results The species diversity(Shannon and Simpson)indexes,richness(observed species)and evenness(Pielou)of gut microbiota were significantly lower in OSA patients than in the healthy individuals(P<0.05).The OSA patients had also a significantly lowered community diversity(P<0.05)with different gut microbial communities from those of the healthy individuals shown by increased relative abundance of potentially pathogenic bacteria such as Pseudomonas and Monocytogenes(P<0.05).LEfSe analysis showed that the abundance of 23 species of gut microbiota differed significantly between the two groups and the OSA patients had significant increases in the abundance of Pseudomonas,Meganomonas,and Fusobacterium(P<0.05).The differential marker flora affected host homeostasis.Random Forest and ROC curve analyses confirmed that Pseudomonas could be used as important biomarkers for a differential diagnosis.Metabolic pathway function prediction analysis showed that biosynthesis function had the greatest contribution to maintaining gut microbiota homeostasis,and Pseudomonas affected the occurrence and progression of OSA by participating in aromatic bioamine degradation and ketogluconic acid metabolic pathway.Conclusion OSA patients have obvious gut microbiota disturbances,and Pseudomonas may affect the development of OSA by participating in substance metabolism to serve as the potential target gut bacteria for OSA treatment.

Background and objective Lung cancer is a common malignant tumor of the lung.To explore the molecular mechanism of the occurrence and development of lung cancer is a hot topic in current research.Cyclic RNA D1(CircCCND1)is highly expressed in lung cancer and may be a potential target for the treatment of lung cancer.The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of CircCCND1 on the malignant biological behaviors of lung cancer cells by regulat-ing the miR-340-5p/transforming growth factor β-induced factor homeobox 1(TGIF1)axis.Methods The expression of CircCCND1,miR-340-5p,and TGIF1 mRNA in human normal lung epithelial cells BEAS-2B and human lung cancer H446 cells were detected.H446 cells cultured in vitro were randomly divided into control group,CircCCND1 siRNA group,miR-340-5p mimics group,negative control group,and CircCCND1 siRNA+miR-340-5p inhibitor group.Cell proliferation,mito-chondrial membrane potential,apoptosis,migration,and invasion were detected,and the expressions of CircCCND1,miR-340-5p,TGIF1 mRNA,BCL2-associated X protein(Bax),cleaved Caspase-3,N-cadherin,E-cadherin,and TGIF1 proteins in each group were detected.The targeting relationship of miR-340-5p with CircCCND1 and TGIF1 was verified.Results Compared with BEAS-2B cells,CircCCND1 and TGIF1 mRNA were increased in H446 cells,and miR-340-5p expression was decreased(P＜0.05).Knocking down CircCCND1 or up-regulating the expression of miR-340-5p inhibited the proliferation,migration and invasion of H446 cells,decreased the expression of TGIF1 mRNA and TGIF 1 protein,and promoted cell apop-tosis.Down-regulation of miR-340-5p could antagonize the inhibitory effect of CircCCND1 knockdown on the malignant bio-logical behavior of H446 lung cancer cells.CircCCND1 may target the down-regulation of miR-340-5p,and miR-340-5p may target the down-regulation of TGIF 1.Conclusion Knocking down CircCCND1 can inhibit the malignant behaviors of lung cancer H446 cells,which may be achieved through the regulation of miR-340-5p/TGIF1 axis.