Objective:To explore the clinical efficacy and safety analysis of a novel laser localization technology assisted percutaneous puncture of trigeminal nerve microsphere capsule compression surgery for the treatment of primary trigeminal neuralgia.Methods:A retrospective selection was conducted on 63 patients with primary trigeminal neuralgia who underwent percutaneous puncture of the trigeminal nerve microsphere capsule compression surgery at the First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine from January 2020 to December 2021. According to different surgical methods, they were divided into a new laser localization assisted puncture group (observation group) of 32 cases and a traditional barehanded localization puncture group (control group) of 31 cases. An analysis was conducted on the surgical time, puncture time, puncture frequency, intraoperative exposure to radiation, number of cases of poor balloon formation, and clinical efficacy within 6 months after surgery for two groups of patients. The prognosis of the patients was followed up at 6 months after surgery.Results:The surgical time, puncture time, puncture frequency, and intraoperative exposure of the observation group were all less than those of the control group, and the differences were statistically significant (all P<0.05). There was no statistically significant difference ( P>0.05) in the number of cases of poor balloon angioplasty between the observation group and the control group, as well as the pain score grading of the Barlow Neurological Institute (BNI) on the first day after surgery. Within 6 months after surgery, there was no statistically significant difference in the incidence of facial numbness, diplopia, masseter weakness, perilabial herpes, and recurrent pain between the two groups of patients (all P>0.05). Conclusions:Laser positioning technology can assist in precise puncture of the foramen ovale and accurate placement of balloons based on surgical experience, which helps to improve surgical safety, reduce postoperative complications and intraoperative radiation dose, and achieve satisfactory short-term follow-up results.

Objective:To investigate the application value of Pelvic Inflammation No.1 formula of transdermal meridian point-targeted drug delivery therapy in the treatment of patients with chronic pelvic inflammatory disease(damp-heat stasis type).Methods:All patients with chronic pelvic inflammatory disease(damp-heat stasis type)visited Danzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medi-cine from August 2017 to March 2021 and were randomly grouped,57 patients in the control group were treated with simple Western medicine,and 57 patients in the observation group were combined with Pelvic Inflammation No.1 formula transdermal meridian target-ed transdermal medication,and the therapeutic efficacies were compared after 3 months of treatment.Results:After treatment,serum matrix metalloproteinase-9(MMP-9),D dimer(D-D),IL-6 and other indexes in the observation group were lower than those in the control group,and IL-10 was higher than that in the control group,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).After treat-ment,the carbohydrate antigen CA125 in the observation group was lower than that in the control group,and the CD4+/CD8+and CD4+cells in the observation group were higher than those in the control group(P<0.05).After treatment,the score of summary of health status surveys(SF-36)in the observation group was higher than that in the control group,and the total score of TCM symptoms was lower than that in the control group(P<0.05).The total effective rate in the observation group was 96.49%(55/57),which was higher than 82.46%(46/57)in the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion:For patients with chronic pelvic inflammatory disease(damp-heat stagnation type),combined with Pelvic Inflammation No.1 formula transdermal via acupoints targeted drug therapy can help to regu-late inflammatory factors,regulate immune function,and improve clinical efficacy.

Abstract OBJECTIVE To analyze and summarize the research history, development status, trends and hotspots of Codonopsis Radix by bibliometrics. METHODS Search and screen the related literatures of Codonopsis Radix from the CNKI database and the Web of Science core collection database from Januar 1, 1992 to June 30, 2022. VOSviewer and CiteSpace softwares were used for visual analysis of the number of publications, authors, institutions, countries, funding funds, published journals, literature citation frequency, keywords, clustering and emergent word, and a visual graph was drew. RESULTS A total of 594 effective literature, 484 in Chinese and 110 in English were included. GAO Jianping and ZOU Yuanfeng were the scholars with the largest amount of Chinese and English literature. China was the country with the most published researches on Codonopsis Radix. The School of Pharmaceutical Science of Shanxi Medical University and the Chinese Academy of Sciences were the institutions with the largest number of Chinese and English literature publications respectively. The National Science Foundation of China was the largest fund to support the research of Codonopsis Radix. The journal that received the most Chinese and English literature were Journal of Chinese Medicinal Materials and International Journal of Biological Macromolecules respectively. The most frequently cited Chinese literature was a summary of the chemical constituents and pharmacological effects of Codonopsis Radix. The most frequently cited English literature was a study on the structure identification and pharmacological effects of Codonopsis Radix polysaccharides. The map of key words, clustering and emergent words in Chinese literature showed that the main research directions of Codonopsis Radix were compatibility formula, resource planting, pharmacological action and quality control. The map of key words, clustering and emergent words in English literature indicated that the study of Codonopsis Radix always focused on the material basis and mechanism of its active ingredients. CONCLUSION The annual publications on of Codonopsis Radix show an increasing trend, and the main research institutions are distributed in many universities and research institutes in China. Both Chinese and English literature have their own research directions, and the pharmacological effects of active ingredients are the common trend hotspots.

Facing this international public health emergency, Zhongshan Hospital of Fudan University has actively explored the management strategies to conduct standardized residency training in the epidemic prevention and control, including to ensure residents' health status before returning to work through accurate screening, focused monitoring and classified management; to conduct the training of COVID-19 knowledge and reasonably arrange the clinical work and actively explore innovative teaching models in multiple ways; to guarantee the normal restoration of the standardized residency training work on the basis of routine monitoring during the epidemic prevention and control as soon as possible. Through this epidemic outbreak, it's found that it's urgent to attach great importance to the cultivation of the ability to deal with public health emergencies, and the management departments should strengthen their ability to handle and manage public emergencies.

Objective:To investigate the prevalence and risk factors of hypertensive retinopathy (HRP) in a non-diabetic population over 30 years old during routine health examinations.Methods:This was a cross-sectional study of a non-diabetic population over 30 years of age. The study was conducted during routine health examinations at the Tongren Hospital, Beijing, from January to December 2020. Fundus photographs were taken, and data including medical history, height, weight, and blood pressure were collected. Routine laboratory examinations were performed. The study population was divided into hypertension, transient hypertension, and non-hypertension groups. The prevalence of HRP was compared among the three groups. OR and 95% CI of HRP risk factors was estimated by binary logistic regression, adjusted for age and gender. Results:The prevalence of HRP was 4.3% in the non-diabetic population over 30 years old. Adjusted for age, gender, and systolic blood pressure, the prevalence of HRP in hypertension and transient hypertension groups, was both higher than in the non-hypertension group [ OR(95% CI) of 3.11(2.25-4.30) and 1.72(1.21-2.45), respectively]. The proportion of grade 1-2 HRP was higher (76.2%). There was no significant difference in the prevalence of grade 3 HRP among the three groups. Adjusted for age and gender, systolic blood pressure and creatinine clearance rate were independent risk factors for HRP in the hypertension group [ OR(95% CI): 1.22(1.01-1.48) and 1.66(1.12-2.46)] and transient hypertension group [ OR(95% CI): 1.48(1.10-2.06) and 1.95(1.03-3.46)]. SBP and DBP were independent risk factors for HRP in the non-hypertension group [ OR(95% CI): 1.68(1.07-2.63) and 1.61(1.06-2.44)]. Conclusions:There was a high prevalence of HRP among the non-diabetic population over the age of 30 and there was still relatively high risk of grade 3 HRP among the normotensive population.

Objective:To establish a 10-year comparison table of cerebrovascular function score and first stroke risk, and to provide a new method for screening of high-risk population of stroke.Methods:In the beginning of 2003, a cohort for studing stroke risk factors in those aged 40 years and over was established in a community of Shanghai by cluster sampling. The common risk factors of stroke were investigated with a unified questionnaire, and the cerebrovascular function (cerebral vascular hemodynamic indexes, CVHI) was measured. The baseline study was completed from April to June 2003 and December 2004 to January 2005, respectively. The incident of first stroke and all cause of death were followed up year by year. The follow-up period was up to December 31, 2014. The 10-year incidence of first stroke was calculated according to the baseline score of cerebrovascular function, and the score-risk control table was established to estimate 10-year first stroke risk in each score group. The role of cerebrovascular function score in stroke was also estimated.Results:The follow-up term of 10 565 participants was (10.26±2.00) years, and 350 patients had first stroke during the follow-up. The trend 10-year incidence of first stroke both in men and women was significantly increased with the decrease of the score of cerebrovascular function (trend χ2=296.125, P<0.01). As the 10-year risk of first stroke was higher than 5% and higher than 10%, the corresponding CVHI score was lower than 70 and 40 points in males and lower than 30 and 20 points in females. When the scores of cerebral vascular function were divided by every 25 points, incidence of first stroke in each group from top to bottom was 1.9%, 4.7%, 10.8%, 15.2% in males and 1.6%, 4.4%, 4.8%, 11.4% in females, respectively. As compared to the top, the relative risk (95% CI) of first stroke in the lower groups was 2.61(1.67-4.07), 6.46(4.22-9.89), 9.74(6.53-14.52) for males and 2.82(1.93-4.12), 3.15(1.99-4.99), 8.12(5.65-11.68) for females, respectively. Multivariate analysis showed that the factors being selected into the regression equation were cerebrovascular function score, age, hypertension history, stroke family history and smoking history, among which the role of cerebrovascular function score was the strongest. Conclusion:The risk of first stroke increases significantly with the decrease of cerebrovascular function score, which can be used to assess the 10-year risk of first stroke.

In the original publication, the label of Fig. 2C should be read as "GFAP/lectin/DAPI" not "DMP1/GFAP/lectin/DAPI".

The blood-brain barrier (BBB) is a tight boundary formed between endothelial cells and astrocytes, which separates and protects brain from most pathogens as well as neural toxins in circulation. However, detailed molecular players involved in formation of BBB are not completely known. Dentin matrix protein 1 (DMP1)-proteoglycan (PG), which is known to be involved in mineralization of bones and dentin, is also expressed in soft tissues including brain with unknown functions. In the present study, we reported that DMP1-PG was expressed in brain astrocytes and enriched in BBB units. The only glycosylation site of DMP1 is serine89 (S89) in the N-terminal domain of the protein in mouse. Mutant mice with DMP1 point mutations changing S89 to glycine (S89G), which completely eradicated glycosylation of the protein, demonstrated severe BBB disruption. Another breed of DMP1 mutant mice, which lacked the C-terminal domain of DMP1, manifested normal BBB function. The polarity of S89G-DMP1 astrocytes was disrupted and cell-cell adhesion was loosened. Through a battery of analyses, we found that DMP1 glycosylation was critically required for astrocyte maturation both in vitro and in vivo. S89G-DMP1 mutant astrocytes failed to express aquaporin 4 and had reduced laminin and ZO1 expression, which resulted in disruption of BBB. Interestingly, overexpression of wild-type DMP1-PG in mouse brain driven by the nestin promoter elevated laminin and ZO1 expression beyond wild type levels and could effectively resisted intravenous mannitol-induced BBB reversible opening. Taken together, our study not only revealed a novel element, i.e., DMP1-PG, that regulated BBB formation, but also assigned a new function to DMP1-PG.
Animals ; Astrocytes ; cytology ; metabolism ; Blood-Brain Barrier ; cytology ; metabolism ; Cells, Cultured ; Extracellular Matrix Proteins ; genetics ; metabolism ; Female ; Glycosylation ; Male ; Mice ; Proteoglycans ; metabolism ; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction

Aging associated cognitive decline has been linked to dampened neural stem/progenitor cells (NSC/NPCs) activities manifested by decreased proliferation, reduced propensity to produce neurons, and increased differentiation into astrocytes. While gene transcription changes objectively reveal molecular alterations of cells undergoing various biological processes, the search for molecular mechanisms underlying aging of NSC/NPCs has been confronted by the enormous heterogeneity in cellular compositions of the brain and the complex cellular microenvironment where NSC/NPCs reside. Moreover, brain NSC/NPCs themselves are not a homogenous population, making it even more difficult to uncover NSC/NPC sub-type specific aging mechanisms. Here, using both population-based and single cell transcriptome analyses of young and aged mouse forebrain ependymal and subependymal regions and comprehensive "big-data" processing, we report that NSC/NPCs reside in a rather inflammatory environment in aged brain, which likely contributes to the differentiation bias towards astrocytes versus neurons. Moreover, single cell transcriptome analyses revealed that different aged NSC/NPC subpopulations, while all have reduced cell proliferation, use different gene transcription programs to regulate age-dependent decline in cell cycle. Interestingly, changes in cell proliferation capacity are not influenced by inflammatory cytokines, but likely result from cell intrinsic mechanisms. The Erk/Mapk pathway appears to be critically involved in regulating age-dependent changes in the capacity for NSC/NPCs to undergo clonal expansion. Together this study is the first example of using population and single cell based transcriptome analyses to unveil the molecular interplay between different NSC/NPCs and their microenvironment in the context of the aging brain.
Aging ; genetics ; Animals ; Astrocytes ; cytology ; metabolism ; Brain ; cytology ; metabolism ; Cell Differentiation ; genetics ; Cell Division ; genetics ; Cell Proliferation ; genetics ; Gene Expression Regulation ; genetics ; Mice ; Neural Stem Cells ; metabolism ; Single-Cell Analysis ; Stem Cells ; cytology ; metabolism ; Transcriptome ; genetics

Aromatic antiepileptic drugs such as carbamazepine are the first-line treatment for epilepsy. The adverse reactions have greatly limited their clinical application. The occurrence rate of severe skin adverse reactions such as Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS) and toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN) is low,but they are often fatal.Human leukocyte antigen (HLA) gene polymorphisms are reported to be related with skin adverse reactions caused by aromatic antiepileptic drugs,but the exact mechanism is unclear.This article will perform a review about the correlation between skin adverse reactions caused by aromatic antiepileptic drugs and HLA gene polymorphisms published in recent years,in order to provide theoretical basis for further study of HLA susceptibility genes in Chinese Han population,and provide a reference for achieving individualized treatment of epilepsy.