ObjectiveThis study aims to investigate the effects of Linggui Zhugantang （LGZGT） on ventricular remodeling （VR） in mice with myocardial infarction （MI） and its impact on the Ras homologgene A （RhoA）/Rho-associated coiled-coil forming protein kinase （ROCK） signaling pathway. MethodsThe MI model of mice was established by ligating the left anterior descending coronary artery （LAD）. They were divided into the sham-operated group， the model group， the low-dose， medium-dose， and high-dose groups of LGZGT （2.34， 4.68， 9.36 g·kg^-1）， and the captopril group （3.25 mg·kg^-1）， with 10 mice in each group. After four weeks of continuous drug administration by gavage， the level of cardiac function in each group of mice was examined using small animal Doppler ultrasound. Hematoxylin-eosin （HE） staining and Masson staining was used to assess the morphological changes of myocardial tissue and calculate the rate of collagen fiber deposition in mouse myocardial tissue. Wheat germ agglutinin （WGA） staining was employed to compare the cross-sectional area of cardiomyocytes in each group of mice. The expression levels of α-smooth muscle actin （α-SMA）， matrix metalloproteinase-2 （MMP-2）， type Ⅰcollagen （Col Ⅰ）， Col Ⅲ， tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 1（TIMP1）， B-cell lymphoma-2 （Bcl-2）-associated X protein （Bax）， Bcl-2， Caspase-3， and cleaved Caspase-3 were detected by Western blot. Real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction （Real-time PCR） was used to evaluate the mRNA levels of the pathway-related genes RhoA， ROCK1， and ROCK2. The protein expression levels of RhoA， ROCK1， and ROCK2 were tested by Western blot. ResultsThe level of cardiac function was markedly declined in the model group compared to the sham-operated group（P<0.01）. Myocardial tissue morphology changed significantly. The cross-sectional area of cardiomyocytes was significantly enlarged. The expression of α-SMA， MMP-2， Col Ⅰ， and Col Ⅲ was significantly upregulated（P<0.01）， and TIMP1 protein expression was significantly reduced（P<0.01）. The expressions of apoptosis-related proteins Bax were significantly up-regulated（P<0.01）， while the expression of Bcl-2 protein was significantly decreased（P<0.01）. The mRNA expression of RhoA， ROCK1， and ROCK2 were significantly upregulated （P<0.01）. Compared to the model group， the low-dose， medium-dose， and high-dose groups of LGZGT and the captopril group significantly reversed the experimental results of the model group in a dose-dependent manner （P<0.05， P<0.01）. ConclusionLGZGT significantly attenuated myocardial fibrosis， myocardial hypertrophy， and cardiomyocyte apoptosis after MI in mice and effectively reversed VR， the mechanism of which may be related to the modulation of the RhoA/ROCK signaling pathway.

ObjectiveThis study aims to investigate the effects of Linggui Zhugantang （LGZGT） on ventricular remodeling （VR） in mice with myocardial infarction （MI） and its impact on the Ras homologgene A （RhoA）/Rho-associated coiled-coil forming protein kinase （ROCK） signaling pathway. MethodsThe MI model of mice was established by ligating the left anterior descending coronary artery （LAD）. They were divided into the sham-operated group， the model group， the low-dose， medium-dose， and high-dose groups of LGZGT （2.34， 4.68， 9.36 g·kg^-1）， and the captopril group （3.25 mg·kg^-1）， with 10 mice in each group. After four weeks of continuous drug administration by gavage， the level of cardiac function in each group of mice was examined using small animal Doppler ultrasound. Hematoxylin-eosin （HE） staining and Masson staining was used to assess the morphological changes of myocardial tissue and calculate the rate of collagen fiber deposition in mouse myocardial tissue. Wheat germ agglutinin （WGA） staining was employed to compare the cross-sectional area of cardiomyocytes in each group of mice. The expression levels of α-smooth muscle actin （α-SMA）， matrix metalloproteinase-2 （MMP-2）， type Ⅰcollagen （Col Ⅰ）， Col Ⅲ， tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 1（TIMP1）， B-cell lymphoma-2 （Bcl-2）-associated X protein （Bax）， Bcl-2， Caspase-3， and cleaved Caspase-3 were detected by Western blot. Real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction （Real-time PCR） was used to evaluate the mRNA levels of the pathway-related genes RhoA， ROCK1， and ROCK2. The protein expression levels of RhoA， ROCK1， and ROCK2 were tested by Western blot. ResultsThe level of cardiac function was markedly declined in the model group compared to the sham-operated group（P<0.01）. Myocardial tissue morphology changed significantly. The cross-sectional area of cardiomyocytes was significantly enlarged. The expression of α-SMA， MMP-2， Col Ⅰ， and Col Ⅲ was significantly upregulated（P<0.01）， and TIMP1 protein expression was significantly reduced（P<0.01）. The expressions of apoptosis-related proteins Bax were significantly up-regulated（P<0.01）， while the expression of Bcl-2 protein was significantly decreased（P<0.01）. The mRNA expression of RhoA， ROCK1， and ROCK2 were significantly upregulated （P<0.01）. Compared to the model group， the low-dose， medium-dose， and high-dose groups of LGZGT and the captopril group significantly reversed the experimental results of the model group in a dose-dependent manner （P<0.05， P<0.01）. ConclusionLGZGT significantly attenuated myocardial fibrosis， myocardial hypertrophy， and cardiomyocyte apoptosis after MI in mice and effectively reversed VR， the mechanism of which may be related to the modulation of the RhoA/ROCK signaling pathway.

Background The high work intensity and possible subsequently increased susceptibility to occupational hazards of calcium carbide plants may lead to hypertension in workers, but there are few studies on the relationship between occupational hazard exposure and hypertension in workers involving the production process of calcium carbide. Objective To explore the influence of occupational hazards on the incidence of hypertension in calcium carbide plants. Methods Using historical cohort design, the employees of a calcium carbide factory in the western part of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region were selected as research subjects. According to the pre-determined inclusion and exclusion criteria, the study population comprised an exposure group of 377 employees (including furnace workers, inspection workers, and maintenance workers) exposed to dust, noise & carbon monoxide, and a control group of 388 employees (including central control workers, electricians, and administrative personnel) without above-mentioned exposure. The total sample size was 765 participants. The follow-up period was from April 2011 to October 2022, and the study endpoint was defined as the conclusion of the follow-up period or diagnosed hypertension in annual occupational health examination. Information on general demographic characteristics, living habits, and work status was collected from all study subjects. Cox proportional hazards regression model was used to analyze the association between occupational hazard exposure and the risk of hypertension among the calcium carbide plant employees. Results The average age, mean systolic and diastolic blood pressure, proportion of males, smoking rate, and alcohol consumption rate in the exposure group were higher than those in the control group (P<0.05). Compared to baseline, both systolic and diastolic blood pressure levels increased in the exposure group and the control group at the end of the follow-up (P<0.05). At the end of the follow-up, the average differences between systolic/ diastolic blood pressure and baseline values in the exposure group were higher than those in the control group (P<0.05). During the follow-up period, a total of 223 cases of hypertension occurred, with a total follow-up of 2785 person-years, resulting in an incidence density of 8007.18 per 100000 person-years, an average age of onset of (35.90±8.22) years, and an average working age of onset of (2.69±1.97) years. The incidence density in the exposure group was 128.71% higher than that in the control group, and the risk of hypertension in the exposure group was 2.115 times that of the control group. The risk of hypertension was 2.199 times higher for men than for women, 1.344 times higher for those aged 30 and above than for those under 30, 1.546 times higher for smokers than for non-smokers, and 1.750 times higher for drinking workers than for non-drinking ones. The results of Cox proportional hazards regression modeling indicated that the hazard ratio (95%CI) of hypertension among the employees exposed to dust, noise, and carbon monoxide was 2.254 (1.703, 2.982), 1.594 (1.107, 2.295), and 1.567 (1.079, 2.274), respectively, when different covariates (gender, age, smoking, and alcohol consumption) were included. The results of Log-rank test showed that there were statistically significant differences in the distribution of disease-free survival between the exposure group and the control group (P<0.05). Conclusion Occupational exposures to dust, noise, and carbon monoxide may increase the risk of hypertension among calcium carbide plant workers.

Objective To explore the imaging features, clinical outcome, and prognosis of indeterminate pulmonary nodules (IPN) in patients with high-grade soft tissue sarcoma. Methods A retrospective study of 82 patients with high-grade soft tissue sarcoma who have IPNs. The clinical characteristics, imaging features of IPN, and survival of patients were analyzed with statistical software. Results The IPN size of 82 patients was 6.453±0.864 mm. IPN diameter, shape, density, and nodule discovery interval may be CT imaging features related to malignancy tendency. Age (HR=1.047, 95%CI: 1.007-1.088) and interval between each nodule discovery (HR=3.194, 95%CI: 1.052-9.694) are independent factors that affect the survival of patients with malignant IPN. Conclusion The imaging features of chest CT may provide important guidance for determining the nature and survival prognosis of benign and malignant nodules.

Objective To explore the relationship between the levels of serum perlecan and neurociliin-1(NRP-1)and disease condition,perinatal outcome of gestational hypertension patients in late pregnancy.Meth-ods A total of 103 gestational hypertension patients in late pregnancy admitted to the hospital from January 2021 to January 2023 were selected as the subjects of this study.According to the severity of the disease,they were divided into simple hypertension group(n=46),mild eclampsia group(n=35)and severe eclampsia group(n=22).The perinatal outcomes of the patients were recorded and divided into good outcome group(n=72)and poor outcome group(n=31).Serum perlecan and NRP-1 levels were detected by enzyme-related immunosorbent assay,and the predictive value of serum perlecan and NRP-1 on perinatal outcomes in gesta-tional hypertension patients in late pregnancy was investigated by receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve analysis.Multivariate Logistic regression analysis was used to investigate the influencing factors of peri-natal outcomes in gestational hypertension patients in late pregnancy.Results The serum levels of perlecan and NRP-1 in mild eclampsia group and severe eclampsia group were lower than those in simple hypertension group,and the difference was statistically significant(P＜0.05);Serum levels of perlecan and NRP-1 in severe eclampsia group were lower than those in mild eclampsia group,and the difference was statistically significant(P＜0.05).The serum levels of perlecan and NRP-1 in the good outcome group were higher than those in the bad outcome group,and the difference was statistically significant(P＜0.05).The clinical efficacy of serum perlecan and NRP-1 combined in predicting perinatal outcomes of gestational hypertension patients in late pregnancy was better than that of single index.The proportion of age≥35 years old,pre-pregnancy body mass index(BMI)≥24 kg/m2,history of abortion,systolic blood pressure,diastolic blood pressure and 24 h urinary protein in the adverse outcome group were higher than those in the good outcome group,and the differences were statistically significant(P＜0.05).Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that pre-pregnancy BMI≥24 kg/m2,history of abortion,high systolic blood pressure,perlecan≤8.63 nmol/L and RNP-1≤4.37 ng/mL were independent risk factors for adverse perinatal outcomes in gestational hypertension patients in late pregnancy(P＜0.05).Conclusion The decrease of serum perlecan and NRP-1 levels is associated with the aggravation of the disease and adverse perinatal outcomes in gestational hypertension patients in late preg-nancy,and the two indicators can be used as biological markers to predict the perinatal outcomes of patients.

Objective To assess the tear film stability and morphological characteristics of the tarsal gland in myopic children.Methods In this prospective descriptive study,myopic children who performed refractive examinations in the Pediatric Ophthalmology & Refraction Clinic,Jinan Mingshui Eye Hospital from November 2021 to November 2022 were in-cluded.An Ocular Surface Disease Index(OSDI)questionnaire survey was carried out;tear meniscus height(TMH),non-invasive first breakup time(NIf-BUT)and images of the tarsal glands were obtained by OCULUS Keratograph 5M compre-hensive ocular surface analyzer.In addition,the atrophy and tortuosity of tarsal glands were scored to analyze the tear film stability and clinical characteristics of tarsal glands in myopic children.Results A total of 48 myopic children(91 eyes)aged from 7 to 16(10.25±2.23)years were recruited,including 27 males(56.25％)and 21 females(43.75％).The aver-age TMH was(0.19±0.04)mm(95％CI:0.18-0.19)and the average NIf-BUT was(5.40±2.62)s(95％CI:4.90-5.94);the TMH was positively correlated with NIf-BUT(r=0.223,P=0.034).The tarsal gland atrophy score was 1(0,1).The tortuosity score of the upper and lower tarsal gland was 0(0,1)and 0(0,0),respectively,with a statistically significant difference(Z=3.692,P＜0.001).In all subjects,49 eyes(53.85％)had tarsal gland atrophy,and 37 eyes(40.66％)had tarsal gland tortuosity.There were significant differences in TMH and NIf-BUT between children aged＜12 years and children aged ≥12 years(both P＜0.05).There was a significant difference in TMH between children with an OSDI score＜13 and children with an OSDI score ≥ 13(t=2.305,P=0.026).There was a significant difference in NIf-BUT between mild and moderate myopia children(t=2.300,P=0.024);the spherical equivalent was positively correlated with NIf-BUT(r=0.283,P=0.023).Conclusion Children with mild to moderate myopia show low tear film stability and a certain proportion of abnormal morphology in tarsal glands.In addition to the refractive status of children,attention should also be paid to ocular surface health in the refraction clinic.

ObjectiveTo investigate the incidence of hypertension and its influencing factors in community-dwellers at risk for high blood pressure in Minhang District of Shanghai， and to provide scientific evidence for the community management. MethodsA retrospective cohort study was conducted using the electronic health records of community-dwellers at risk for high blood pressure in Minhang District， Shanghai from January 1， 2011 to December 31， 2017. The study end-point was the occurrence of hypertension，and the followup was finished in December 2021. A total of 17 265 community-dwellers at risk for high blood pressure were enrolled in our study. Log-rank test and Cox regression analysis were used to determine the influencing factors. ResultsAfter 6.04 years of follow-up， the hypertension incidence among community-dwellers at risk for high blood pressure in Minhang District of Shanghai was 25.5%. Family history of hypertension （HR=1.250， 95%CI： 1.168‒1.338）， family history of stroke （HR=1.295， 95%CI： 1.080‒1.553）， history of diabetes （HR=1.203， 95%CI： 1.076‒1.345）， daily smoking （HR=1.187， 95%CI： 1.087‒1.296）， overweight （HR=1.393， 95%CI：1.308‒1.484）， obesity（HR=1.903， 95%CI： 1.719‒2.106）， high values of normal blood pressure （HR=1.275， 95%CI： 1.195‒1.359） and advanced age （HR=1.033， 95%CI： 1.030‒1.036） were all risk factors. Emaciation （HR=0.649， 95%CI： 0.500‒0.840） was a protective factors. ConclusionBlood pressure monitoring should be strengthened for people elderly， with family history of hypertension， family history of stroke， diabetes or high values of normal blood pressure， so as to diagnose hypertension early. Timely intervention measures should be taken for community-dwellers with unhealthy lifestyles such as smoking， overweight and obesity.

To systematically construct a guideline to provide a methodological guide for researchers to develop patient decision aids.

Bamboo jar therapy of Zhuang medicine is a combination of cupping therapy,acupuncture and hot compress of medicine,which is simple,convenient and cost-effective.There are differences in the production of bamboo cans(species,acquisition cycle,diameter,tank length,wall thickness),liquid medicine,and operation process among different regions.These three aspects hinder its wide application and promotion.Therefore,it is particularly important to formulate unified practice standards and norms.Based on the combination of literature research and clinical experience,this paper proposes a standardized draft to respond to the above three perspectives.The authors would like to provide a reference for doctors to understand and master this therapy,so that patients can enjoy this therapy.