Hip fracture in the elderly is characterized by high incidence, high disability rate, and high mortality and has been recognized as a public health issue threatening their health. Surgery is the preferred choice for the treatment of elderly patients with hip fracture. However, lower extremity deep venous thrombosis (DVT) has an extremely high incidence rate during the perioperative period, and may significantly increase the risk of patients′ death once it progresses to pulmonary embolism. In response to this issue, the clinical guidelines and expert consensuses all emphasize active application of comprehensive preventive measures, including basic prevention, physical prevention, and pharmacological prevention. In this prevention system, basic prevention is the basis of physical and pharmacological prevention. However,there is a lack of unified and definite recommendations for basic preventive measures in clinical practice. To this end, the Orthopedic Nursing Professional Committee of the Chinese Nursing Association and Nursing Department of the Orthopedic Branch of the China International Exchange and Promotive Association for Medical and Health Care organized relevant nursing experts to formulate Expert consensus on perioperative basic prevention for lower extremity deep venous thrombosis in elderly patients with hip fracture ( version 2024) . A total of 10 recommendations were proposed, aiming to standardize the basic preventive measures for lower extremity DVT in elderly patients with hip fractures during the perioperative period and promote their subsequent rehabilitation.

Epidemic cerebrospinal meningitis shows a high degree of consistency with the law of transmission among wei （卫）-qi-ying （营）-blood， in terms of the onset of the season， contagiousness， symptoms， pathogenesis， as well as characteristics of the transmission. It is proposed to use epidemic cerebrospinal meningitis as an example to explore the underlying disease of wei-qi-ying-blood syndrome differentiation system. Epidemic meningitis invades the brain from the upper respiratory tract along the nervous system， and its overall pathogenesis follows from entering the lung system （prodromal period） to entering the blood （bacteremia period， sepsis period） and then entering the brain （shock period）. According to the four-dimensional qualitative principle of epidemic pathogen tropism， it corresponds to disease of both wei and qi syndrome， then blazing of both qi and ying syndrome， and then heat blocking pericardium， exuberant heat stirring wind， and internal block and external collapse syndrome. This article explored the laws of transmission among wei-qi-ying-blood and its underlying diseases described in On Warm Heat （《温热论》）， and revealed the original appearance of the disease model under the laws of transmission among wei-qi-ying-blood to guide the clinical practice.

Hip fracture is considered as the most severe osteoporotic fracture characterized by high disability and mortality in the elderly. Improved surgical techniques and multidisciplinary team play an active role in alleviating prognosis, which places higher demands on perioperative nursing. Dysfunction, complications, and secondary impact of anaesthesia and surgery add more difficulties to clinical nursing. Besides, there still lack clinical practices in perioperative nursing for elderly patients with hip fracture in China. In this context, led by the Orthopedic Nursing Committee of Chinese Nursing Association, the Expert consensus on clinical practice in perioperative nursing for elderly patients with hip fracture ( version 2023) is developed based on the evidence-based medicine. This consensus provides 11 recommendations on elderly patients with hip fracture from aspects of perioperative health education, condition monitoring and inspection, complication risk assessment and prevention, and rehabilitation, in order to provide guiding advices for clinical practice, improve the quality of nursing and ameliorate the prognosis of elderly patients with hip fracture.

Hip fractures are among the most common fractures in the elderly, presenting to be a leading cause of disability and mortality. Surgical treatment is currently the main treatment method for hip fractures. The incidence of perioperative malnutrition is increased after hip fractures in the elderly due to the comorbidities, decreased basal metabolic rate, accelerated protein breakdown, weakened anabolism and surgical stress. However, malnutrition not only increases the incidence of postoperative complications, but also leads to increased mortality, indicating an important role of perioperative nursing management of nutrition for the elderly patients with hip fractures. At present, there still lacks scientific guidance and application standards on perioperative nursing management of nutrition for the elderly patients with hip fractures. Therefore, the Orthopedic Nursing Committee of Chinese Nursing Association and the Editorial Board of Chinese Journal of Trauma organized relevant experts to formulate the Expert consensus on perioperative nursing management of nutrition for elderly patients with hip fractures ( version 2023) according to evidence-based medical evidences and their clinical experiences. Fourteen recommendations were made from aspects of nutrition screening, nutrition assessment, nutrition diagnosis, nutrition intervention and nutrition monitoring to provide guidance for perioperative nursing management of nutrition in elderly patients with hip fractures.

Objective To investigate antigen optimization of Shisa like protein 1 (SHISAL1) for preparing mouse anti-human SHISAL1 polyclonal antibody and to identify the specificity of the prepared antibody. Methods Bioinformatics was employed to predict the antigenic epitope region of SHISAL1 protein, and then a polypeptide composed of amino acid residues from the site of 28 to 97 of SHISAL1, termed SHISAL1-N, was selected as the antigen. The coding region of SHISAL1-N was cloned by molecular cloning technique, and then it was inserted into pET-28a to generate pET28a-SHISAL1-N recombinant plasmid. The two recombinant plasmids pET28a-SHISAL1-N and pET28a-SHISAL1 were transformed into BL21 (DE3) bacteria and induced to express by IPTG. The two proteins were purified and immunized to female Kunming mice, respectively. The specificities and sensitivities of the acquired antibodies were detected by Western blot analysis, immunoprecipitation and immunofluorescent cytochemical staining. Results pET28a-SHISAL1-N recombinant plasmid was successfully constructed, and the two fused proteins, SHISAL1 and SHISAL1-N, were induced to express. Moreover, two types of SHISAL1 mouse polyclonal antibodies, derived from SHISAL1-N and SHISAL1 antigens, were obtained. Western blot results showed that the antibody prepared from SHISAL1 antigen was less specific and sensitive compared with the antibody prepared from SHISAL1-N antigen which could specifically identify different endogenous SHISAL1 protein. Immunoprecipitation results showed that SHISAL1-N antibody could specifically pull down SHIISAL1 protein in hepatocellular carcinoma cells and immunofluorescence results demonstrated that SHISAL1-N antibody could specifically bind to SHISAL1 protein in the cytoplasm. Conclusion We have optimized the SHISAL1 antigen and prepared the mouse anti-human SHISAL1 polyclonal antibodies successfully, which can be used for Western blot analysis, immunoprecipitation and immunofluorescence cytochemical staining.
Animals ; Female ; Humans ; Mice ; Antibodies ; Antibody Specificity ; Blotting, Western ; Cloning, Molecular ; Epitopes/genetics*

Objective:To understand the characteristics of serological detection indicators of patients with hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection in three hospitals in Beijing from 2018 to 2021.Methods:The five markers of hepatitis B, liver function tests, HBV DNA load, AFP and PT test results and basic clinical information of HBsAg positive HBV infected patients in three hospitals in Beijing from 2018 to 2021 were collected. Then the diagnosis of HBV infection, the positive patterns of serological indicators for five markers of hepatitis B and the clinical characteristics of hepatitis B patients were analyzed by SAS 9.4 statistical software.Results:Among the 1 026 604 patients who were tested for the five markers of hepatitis B or hepatitis B surface antigen quantification (HBsAg-QN) in three hospitals in Beijing from 2018 to 2021, the positive detection rate of HBsAg was 53.50%. The annual positive detection rate of HBsAg was 57.22%, 55.05%, 53.64% and 47.69% successively, showing a downward trend year by year. 111 709 hepatitis B patients were divided into 1-30, 31-60 and>60 years old groups according to their age. The main diseases of the three groups of HBV infected patients was chronic hepatitis B (CHB), and the proportion of patients with acute hepatitis B (AHB) and CHB decreased with age, while the proportion of patients with HBV-related liver cirrhosis, HBV-related liver cancer, liver cancer surgery and liver transplantation increased with age, the difference of which was statistically significant (all P<0.05). In this research, a total of 24 positive patterns of the five markers of hepatitis B were detected, including 7 common patterns (the main pattern was 145), 14 rare patterns (the main pattern was 1345), and 3 unusual patterns (the main pattern was 12345). The age, male ratio, HBeAg positive detection rate, HBV DNA positive detection rate and load, TBIL, ALT, AFP and PT results in the HBsAg positive group (90 011cases) were higher than those in the HBsAg negative group (21 698 cases), and the above results of the two groups of hepatitis B patients were higher than those of the healthy control group (20 623 cases). The albumin (ALB) results were the lowest in the HBsAg positive group and the highest in the healthy control group. And the differences were statistically significant (all P<0.05). Conclusions:From 2018 to 2021, the positive rate of HBsAg among the patients who received the five markers of hepatitis B or HBsAg-QN test in three hospitals in Beijing decreased year by year. Age was associated with disease progression in patients with hepatitis B. The positive patterns of five markers of hepatitis B in HBV infected people showed diversity.

OBJECTIVE：To establish HPLC fingerprints of different polar parts of Zhuang medicine Calonyction muricatum ， and to study its spectrum-effect relationship with analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects. METHODS ：The total part ，ethyl acetate part，n-butanol part and water part of C. muricatum were prepared. HPLC fingerprints of different polar parts were established by HPLC method combined with the Similarity Evaluation System of TCM Chromatogramtic Fingerprint （2012A），and the common peaks were identified. Using writhing times and ear swelling degree in mice as analgesic and anti-inflammatory indexes ，analgesic and anti-inflammatory activity of different polar parts of C. muricatum were investigated. The correlation of the common peaks of HPLC fingerprint with analgesic and anti-inflammatory indexes was analyzed by grey correlation analysis ，bivariate correlation analysis and partial least square （PLS） method. RESULTS ： There were 11 common peaks for the different polar parts of C. muricatum ，and 5 components were identified by reference comparison，i.e. neochlorogenic acid （peak 3），chlorogenic acid （peak 5）， cryptochlorogenic acid （peak 6）， isochlorogenic acid A （peak 10），isochlorogenic acid C （peak 11）. The grey correlation analysis showed that the correlation between all common peaks and analgesic and anti- inflammatory effects were greater than 0.6 （except the correlation between peak 6 and analgesic effects ），showing correlation relationship ；the correlation of peaks 3，7 and 10 with analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects were all greater than 0.8，which was highly related. Bivariate correlation analysis showed that the correlation of peak 1，3，4，7，9，10，11 with analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects were all greater than 0.6，showing correlation relationship. PLS method showed that peaks 1，3，4，7，9，10，11 contributed greatly to playing an analgesic and anti-inflammatory role. CONCLUSIONS ：HPLC fingerprints of different polar parts of C. muricatum is established and five common peak components were identified. Neochlorogenic acid ，isochlorogenic acid A ，isochlorogenic acid C and chemical components represented by peaks 1，4，7，9 may be the pharmacodynamic substances of C. muricatum to exert analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects.

Objective:To investigate the risk factors for nosocomial infection in older adult inpatients in some psychiatric hospitals in Ningbo of Zhejiang Province.Methods:The clinical data of 832 inpatients who received treatment in Ningbo Kangning Hospital and the Third Branch of Healthcare Group of Xiangshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine were retrospectively analyzed. These patients were divided into one infection group ( n = 45) and one non-infection group ( n = 787). The risk factors for nosocomial infection were analyzed. Results:Univariate analysis results showed that there were significant differences in age, disease type, primary pulmonary infection, time of antibiotics use, length of hospital stay, suffering from mental diseases, and use of urinary catheters ( χ2 = 10.721, 18.127, 12.183, 67.127, 56.326, 65.114, 27.153, all P < 0.001). Multivariate analysis showed that age ≥ 75 years, disease type, primary pulmonary infection, time of antibiotics use, length of hospital stay, suffering from mental diseases, and use of urinary catheter were independent risk factors for nosocomial infection in older adult inpatients ( OR = 3.360, 3.777, 5.238, 3.364, 3.939, 4.428, all P < 0.001). Conclusion:Age ≥ 75 years, disease type, primary pulmonary infection, time of antibiotics use, length of hospital stay, suffering from mental diseases, and use of urinary catheters are independent risk factors for nosocomial infection in older adult inpatients in some psychiatric hospitals in Ningbo of Zhejiang Province.

Objective To investigate the influence of depression on glycemic control in the patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM).Methods The Zung self-rating depression scale(SDS) was used to assess depression.A total of 276 cases of T2DM were divided into the group A(SDS standard score ≥53 points) and B(SDS standard score ＜53points).The levels of HbA1c,FPG,HOMA-IR,etc.were compared between the two groups,and the influencing factors of glycemic control in T2DM patients were analyzed.Results In the patients with T2DM,the SDS standard score was correlated with HbA1c(r=0.26,P＜0.05).The multivariate regression analysis showed that the SDS standard score was still correlated with HbA1c (β =0.30,t =5.1,P＜ 0.05).The HbA1c level in the group A was higher than that in the group B(t=3.685,P＜0.05);after correcting the factors of sex,age and education,the HbA1c level in the group A was still higher than that in the group B(F=47.8,P＜0.05).Conclusion The depression mood is adverse to glycemic control in T2DM patients.

Objective:To investigate the postoperative analgesia effect of continuous femoral nerve block (CFNB) combined with parecoxib on the patients with Total knee arthroplasty (TKA).Methods:A total of 100 patients,who underwent unilateral TKA in Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University from January 2015 to December 2016,were selected and randomly divided into study group (n=50) and control group (n=50).After TKA,the patients of two groups were received CFNB,CFNB combined with parecoxib analgesia respectively,analgesic time was 2 days.The visual analogue pain scores (VAS) of the patients of two groups at rest and during exercise and the incidence of postoperative adverse reactions were observed at 6h,12 h,24 h,48 h after operation.The Hospital Special Surgery knee score (HSS) was used to evaluate the joint function of patients in the two groups 1 d before operation and 1 d,2 d,3 d after operation.Results:Resting state VAS and motion state VAS in the study group were significantly lower than those in the control group 6 h,12 h,24 h,and 48 h after operation (P＜0.05).There were no significant differences in the incidence of nausea / vomiting,respiratory depression,catheter related problems,and urinary retention between the two groups (P＞0.05).There was no significant difference in HSS score between the two groups 1 d before operation(P＞0.05).The HSS scores of the patients in the two groups 1 d,2 d,3 d after operation were significantly higher than those 1d before operation,and the HSS scores of the patients in the study group were significantly higher than those in the control group (P＜0.05).Conclusion:CFNB combined with parecoxib has the advantages of good analgesic effect and safety for postoperative analgesia of the patients undergoing TKA,which is good for the patients' early knee joint function exercise and is worthy of clinical promotion.