Extracellular vesicles (EVs) have recently received much attention about the application of drug carriers due to their desirable properties such as nano-size, biocompatibility, and high stability. Herein, we demonstrate orange-derived extracellular vesicles (OEV) nanodrugs (DN@OEV) by modifying cRGD-targeted doxorubicin (DOX) nanoparticles (DN) onto the surface of OEV, enabling significantly enhancing tumor accumulation and penetration, thereby efficiently inhibiting the growth of ovarian cancer. The obtained DN@OEV enabled to inducement of greater transcytosis capability in ovarian cancer cells, which presented the average above 10-fold transcytosis effect compared with individual DN. It was found that DN@OEV could trigger receptor-mediated endocytosis to promote early endosome/recycling endosomes pathway for exocytosis and simultaneously reduce degradation in the early endosomes-late endosomes-lysosome pathway, thereby inducing the enhanced transcytosis. In particular, the zombie mouse model bearing orthotopic ovarian cancer further validated DN@OEV presented high accumulation and penetration in tumor tissue by the transcytosis process. Our study indicated the strategy in enhancing transcytosis has significant implications for improving the therapeutic efficacy of the drug delivery system.

Objective: To evaluate the dietary risk of neonicotinoid insecticides in market-sold vegetables in Guangzhou City, so as to provide insights into ensuring food safety for residents. Methods: Forty-five samples of 21 kinds of vegetables were collected from supermarkets and farmer's markets in Guangzhou City from June to September in 2022, and 10 kinds of neonicotinoid insecticides were determined using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS). The vegetable consumption was obtained through the survey of food consumption and nutrients intake of residents in Guangzhou City. The dietary risk was evaluated by calculating daily exposure and non-carcinogenic risk quotients of neonicotinoid insecticides. Results: A total of 27 samples of vegetables were detected with neonicotinoid insecticides, and the detection rate was 60.00%. Among 10 kinds of neonicotinoid insecticides, 6 kinds were identified, including clothianidin, thiamethoxam, imidacloprid, acetamiprid, dinotefuranand and nitenpyram. The detection rates of clothianidin, thiamethoxam and imidacloprid were relatively high (26.67%, 11.11% and 6.67%), and some samples exceeded the standard, with the rate of 4.44%, 2.22% and 2.22%, respectively. The total exposure of neonicotinoid pesticides (IMIRPF) was 3 053.00 ng/g, and the contents and IMIRPF of imidacloprid were the highest in roots and tubers. The daily exposure of imidacloprid, acetamiprid, dinotefuran, clothianidin, thiamethoxam and nitenpyram was 34.58, 3.85, 1.20, 6.87, 7.19 and 0.86 ng/(kg·d). Non-carcinogenic risk quotients of imidacloprid, acetamiprid, dinotefuran, clothianidin, thiamethoxam and nitenpyram was 5.76×10-4, 0.55×10-4, 0.06×10-4, 0.69×10-4, 0.90×10-4 and 0.02×10-4, respectively, which was lower than 1; and the sum of non-carcinogenic risk quotients was 7.98×10-4, which was lower than 1. Conclusions The dietary risk of neonicotinoid pesticides is low in 21 kinds of market-sold vegetables in Guangzhou City; however, the contents of neonicotinoid insecticides in some vegetable samples exceed the standard. The supervision of vegetable markets should be strengthened.

【Objective】 To monitor the positive rates of IgM and IgG antibodies and the changes in S/CO values over time in voluntary blood donors infected with SARS-CoV-2 after recovery, in order to provide theoretical basis and data support for ensuring clinical blood safety. 【Methods】 A total of 54 platelet donors who met the inclusion criteria were selected for this study, and 359 blood samples (plasma) from T1 to T7 (at 7 time points, spanning 14 to 15 weeks) were continuously monitored for SARS-CoV-2 IgM and IgG antibodies using fully automated chemi-luminescence method. 【Results】 Among 359 blood samples (plasma) from 54 donors, 349 were with valid test results.Eleven donors were tested positive for IgM, with a positive rate of 20.37%, and IgM antibody S/CO value gradually increased during T1-T3, but gradually decreased during T4-T7. Fifty-four donors were tested positive for IgG, with the positive rate of 100%, and the S/CO value of IgG antibody gradually decreased over time. During the period of T1 -T7, there was no significant difference in SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibody S/CO value between gender (male/female) or age group (18-39 years old /40-60 years old). 【Conclusion】 The positive rate of SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibody in platelet donors after recovery from SARS-CoV-2 infection was 100% during 2-14 weeks, and the IgG S/CO value gradually decreases over time. The long-term dynamic changes of SARS-CoV-2 serologically specific IgG and IgM antibodies in blood donors are worthy of further study.

Objective:To evaluate the impact of resection margin status within a cut-off 1 mm clearance of cancer on the groove of portal/superior mesenteric vein and/or the top end of the uncinate process bordering on the superior mesenteric artery in pancreatic head adenocarcinoma patients after pancreatoduodenectomy.Methods:The clinical, pathological and followup data of 113 pancreatic head adenocarcinoma patients undergoing pancreatoduodenectomy with or without vascular graft replacement were retrospectively analyzed.Results:Univariate analysis showed that resection margin 1mm clearance, postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy, T staging, N staging, TNM staging (AJCC), gender, and maximum tumor diameter were risk factors for survival . Multivariate analysis showed that surgical margin 1mm clearance, postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy, and gender were independent prognostic factors. In resection margin >1 mm group(83 cases), the mean survival time was 19.04 months, and the 1-year, 2-year, and 3-year survival rates were 78%, 50%, and 25%, respectively. In resection margin ≤1 mm group(30 cases), the mean survival time was 9.42 months, and the 1-year, 2-year and 3-year survival rates were 61%, 20% and 0, respectively. There was statistical significance between the two groups in survival time ( P=0.018). Conclusion:Resection margins 1 mm clearance of cancer off portal vein/superior mesenteric vein and superior mesenteric artery is independent prognostic factors in pancreatic head adenocarcinoma patients undergoing pancreatoduodenectomy.

s] Objective To analyze the diagnostic value of combined detection of sFIt-1, PLGF and Survivin in early onset preeclampsia. Methods From January 2017 to January 2018, 100 patients with early-onset PE were selected as observation group and 100 healthy pregnant women as control group in Tangshan Maternal and Child health Hospital Gynecology and Obstetrics. The expression levels of sFIt-1, PLGF and Survivin in serum were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and the diagnostic value of each index was analyzed separately and jointly. Results The levels of sFIt-1 in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group: (36.58 ± 18.34) μg/L vs. (28.43 ± 3.28) μg/L (P<0.05), and the levels of PLGF and Survivin in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group: (213.18 ± 48.23) ng/L vs. (398.17 ± 41.19) ng/L, (0.72 ± 0.29) μg/L vs. (1.43 ± 0.32) μg/L (P<0.05); 103 cases of positive sFIt-1, 108 cases of positive PLGF, 107 cases of positive Survivin, 121 cases of positive parallel combined diagnosis and 121 cases of positive series combined diagnosis were found. The sensitivity and negative predictive value of parallel combined diagnosis were significantly higher than those of individualized diagnosis (P<0.05), and the specificity and positive predictive value of series combined diagnosis were significantly higher than those of individualized diagnosis (P < 0.05). Conclusions The combined detection of sFIt-1, PLGF and Survivin in serum can effectively improve the diagnostic accuracy of early-onset preeclampsia and has high clinical value.

OBJECTIVES: To establish an experimental method for evaluating material permeability of type I collagen hydrogels. METHODS: Using BSA-FITC as an indicator, by combining BSA-FITC with PBS they were used as permeability media, and using transwell load hydrogen sample to detect BSA-FITC transparent rate. RESULTS: In the concentration range of 100 μg·mL~0.781 μg·mL, the standard curve ≥ 0.99, Lower Limit of Quantity (LLOQ) is 3.125 μg·mL, RSD <5%, detection recovery rate is in the range of 80%~120%. CONCLUSIONS In this study, we established an experimental method for evaluating material permeability of hydrogel. The BSA-FITC transparent rate of type I collagen hydrogel was 100% at 28 h.
Collagen Type I ; chemistry ; Hydrogels ; chemistry ; Materials Testing ; Permeability

Objective To investigate the expression of TAZ in peripheral blood and tumor tissue of the patients with colorectal cancer and to analyze their relationship and clinical significance.Methods Eighty-five cases of pathologically verified colorectal cancer treated by radical operation were selected as the operation group,and 35 cases with postoperative relapse served as the recurrent group.Meanwhile 50 age and sex-matched healthy persons were selected as the control group.The immunohistochemical(SP)technique was adopted to detect the expression of TAZ in tumor tissues and expression of TAZ in peripheral blood was tested with enzyme linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA).Results The level of preoperative TAZ in peripheral blood of the operation group was significantly higher than that of the control group(P＜0.05).The level of peripheral blood TAZ after operation in the operation group had no significant change compared with the control group (P＞0.05).The level of peripheral blood TAZ in the recurrent group was significantly higher than preoperative level of operation group(P＜0.05).The expression of tumor tissue TAZ was significantly higher than that of normal mucosal tissue(P＜0.05);the expression of tumor tissue TAZ in the recurrent group was higher than that in the operation group(P＜0.05).The tumor tissue TAZ level in the operation group and recurrent group had obvious correlation with peripheral blood TAZ level(P＜0.05).Conclusion Monitoring the TAZ level has obvious reference value for predicting colorectal cancer staging and timely understanding tumor recurrence.

Objective To investigate the MRI features of supratentorial solid hemangioblastoma and to improve its diagnostic accuracy.Methods MRI image manifestations of 7 cases with supratentorial solid hemangioblastoma confirmed by operation and pathology were analyzed retrospectively.Results 7 cases of supratentorial solid hemangioblastoma were solitary.All tumors appeared as round or quasi-round masses with clear boundary, and showed equal or long T1 signal and slight long or long T2 signal,the obvious enhancement was seen in all tumors.There was mild to moderate edema around the tumors.The blood vessel was found within or around the tumors.Conclusion MRI manifestations of supratentorial solid hemangioblastoma have certain characteristics.

ObjectiveTo investigate the clinical application value of fast track surgery strategy (EARS) in the perioperative period of primary suture of laparoscopy in the treatment of common bile duct stones. MethodsA total of 64 patients with gallstones complicated by common bile duct stones who were hospitalized in Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery in The Second People′s Hospital of Chengdu from October 2015 to February 2016 were enrolled, and according to the treatment in the perioperative period, the patients were divided into EARS group (32 patients) and control group (32 patients). Clinical indices and complications were compared between the two groups. The t-test was used for comparison of continuous data between groups, and the chi-square test was used for comparison of categorical data between groups. ResultsCompared with the control group, the ERAS group had significantly shortened time of extraction of drainage tube (1.6±0.9 d vs 2.7±1.0 d, t=-5.675, P＜0.01) and length of hospital stay (5.1±1.0 d vs 6.8±1.1 d, t=-5.910, P＜0.01), significantly shorter time to first ambulation (1.0±0.3 d vs 1.6±0.7 d, t=-4.313, P＜0.01) and time to intestinal functional recovery (1.1±0.4 d vs 1.8±0.6 d, t=-4.842, P＜0.01), a significantly shortened time to stopping infusion after surgery (3.8±1.0 d vs 4.9±1.2 d, t=-3.923, P＜0.01), significantly reduced total hospital costs (17 433.5±1411.3 ten thousand yuan vs 26 651.6±2945.8 ten thousand yuan, t=-15.942, P＜0.001), a significantly lower proportion of patients who experienced pain after surgery ［4 (12.5%) vs 13 (406%), χ2=6.490, P=0.011］, and significantly lower levels of alanine aminotransferase (105.25±35.34 U/L vs 179.00±48.64 U/L, t=-5.973, P＜0.05) and total bilirubin (50.78±12.60 μmol/L vs 79.70±18.56 μmol/L, t=-7.090, P＜0.05) after surgery. ConclusionEARS is highly practical in the perioperative period of laparoscopic surgery and can promote patients′ rapid recovery. Therefore, it holds promise for clinical application.

Purpose To investigate the c1inicopatho1ogica1 and immunohistochemica1 characteristics of enteropathy-associated T-ce11 1ymphoma( EATL)and to eva1uate the criteria of diagnosis and differentia1 diagnosis. Methods There were enteropathy-associated T-ce11 1ymphoma patients co11ected with c1inica1 data(n=9). Histo1ogica1 features were observed under microscope by HE staining and by immunohistochemstry. EBV was tested by in situ hybridization. Results EATL type Ⅰ showed a variab1e histo1ogy consisting of medium-sized to 1arge 1ymphoid ce11s with round or po1ygona1 nuc1ei,containing remarkab1e nuc1eo1i. EATL typeⅡshowed that tumor ce11s were medium-sized,with round,hyperchromatic nuc1ei. Nuc1ear debris and necrosis cou1d be seen easi1y. A 1arge number of his-tiocytes and neutrophi1s formed the inf1ammatory background. Immunohistochemica1 findings showed that tumor ce11s of two types were diffuse1y positive for CD3,CD43 and TIA-1,whi1e negative for CD4,CD5,CD20,CD79a. Tumor ce11s of EATL type II expressed CD56 and CD8,but negative in EATL typeⅠ. A high pro1iferation index was demonstrated by Ki-67. EBER was negative detection. There were seven patients with fo11ow-up data from 0 to 18 months. Four patients died within 10 months and three patients died within 18 months. Conclusions EATL is a rare type of 1ymphoma with intestina1 invo1vement. Patients often present with chronic abdomina1 pain,diarrhea,persistent fever and abdomina1 mass for a 1ong time. Intestina1 perforation occurs in some cases. Diagnosis shou1d be corre1ated to c1inica1 symptoms whi1e the fina1 diagnosis is main1y based on the patho1ogica1 features and the immune phenotypes.