Sepsis is a complex syndrome caused by multiple pathogens and involves multiple organ failure, particularly spleen dysfunction. In 2017, the worldwide incidence was 48.9 million sepsis cases and 11 million sepsis-related deaths were reported (Rudd et al., 2020). Inflammation, oxidative stress, and apoptosis are the most common pathologies seen in sepsis. Liensinine (LIE) is a bisbenzylisoquinoline-type alkaloid extracted from the seed embryo of Nelumbo nucifera. Lotus seed hearts have high content of LIE which mainly has antihypertensive and antiarrhythmic pharmacological effects. It can exert anti-carcinogenic activity by regulating cell, inflammation, and apoptosis signaling pathways (Manogaran et al., 2019). However, its protective effect from sepsis-induced spleen damage is unknown. In this research, we established a mouse sepsis model induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and investigated the protective effects of LIE on sepsis spleen injury in terms of inflammatory response, oxidative stress, and apoptosis.
Mice ; Animals ; Lipopolysaccharides/pharmacology* ; Spleen ; Inflammation ; Apoptosis ; Sepsis ; Oxidative Stress

Objective To investigate the prevalence of feeding intolerance (FI),and to explore the FI within 7 days of ICU admission in association with clinical outcome in critically ill patients.Methods The adult patients from 14 general ICUs in Zhejiang Province with an expected admission to ICU for at least 24h were recruited from March 2014 to August 2014,and all clinical,laboratory,and survival data were prospectively collected.The AGI (acute gastrointestinal injury) grade was daily assessed based on gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms,feeding details and organ dysfunction within the first week of ICU stay.The intra-abdominal pressures (IAP) was measured using AbViser device.Results Of 550 patients enrolled,418 were assessed in GI symptoms and feeding details within 7 days of ICU stay.The mean age and SOFA score were (65.1 ± 18.3) years and (8.96 ±4.10),respectively.Of them,355 patients (84.9％) were under mechanical ventilation support,and 37 (8.85％) received renal replacement therapy.The mean length of time for enteral feeding was (30.8 ±26.2) h,and the prevalence of FI on the 3rd and 7th day of ICU stay accounted for 39.2％ and 25.4％,respectively.Compared to those with FI within 7 days of ICU stay,the patients without FI had higher rate of successively weaning from mechanical ventilation (21.3％ vs.5.7％,P =0.003) and higher rate of withdrawal of vasoactive medication (45.5％ vs.20.0％,P =0.037),as well as lower mortality rate of 28-day (24.4％ vs.38.7％,P =0.004) and 60-day (29.6％ vs.44.3％,P =0.005).In multivariate Cox regression model with adjustment for age,sex,participant center,serum creatinine and lactate,AGI grade on the first day of ICU stay,and comorbidities,the FI within 7 days of ICU stay (x2 ≥ 7.24,P ＜ 0.01) remained to be independent predictors for 60-day mortality.After further adjusted for SOFA score,the FI within 7 days of ICU stay (HR =1.71,95％ CI:1.18-2.49;P =0.006) and AGI grade on the first day of ICU stay (HR =1.33,95 ％ CI:1.07-1.65;P =0.009) could provide independent prognostic values of 60-day mortality.Conclusions There is high rate of FI occurred within 7 days of ICU stay,and is significantly associated with worse outcome.In addition,this study also provides evidence to further support that measurement of gastrointestinal dysfunction could increase value of SOFA score in outcome prediction for the risk of 60-day mortality.

Bronchopulmonary Sequestration ; diagnosis ; Coronary Vessels ; pathology ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged

The innovation of the specialism's development of computer science and technology needs to change the concept of education,and to create the curricular system that focuses on the creative ability of students.Furthermore,in order to make students to grasp theory,reinforce application and protrude ability,the curricular system of computer science and technology needs to be established.Cultivating the innovative ability of computer major students,we can adopt some major measures,such as setting up innovative ability teaching system.The helpful discussion and some personal opinion are presented in the paper aiming at the function of university computer lab in the cultivation of undergraduate creativity and practice.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effects of postburn fluid resuscitation on the pathohistological and ultrastructural changes of multiple organs with dysfunction in severely burned dogs.

METHODSForty - four mongrel dogs were randomly divided into four groups: (1) immediate infusion (II, n = 8), (2) delayed infusion (DI, n = 15), (3) no infusion (NI, n = 14), (4) normal control (NC, n = 7). The dogs were inflicted with 50% TBSA III degree flame burn produced by napalm in concentration of 30g/L burning for 30 seconds on the back. Small pieces of tissue samples of heart, lungs, liver, kidneys and gastrointestinal tract were taken from injured dogs at 72 postburn hours (PBHs) or moribund stage for the examination with light microscope (LM) and transmission electron microscope (TEM).

RESULTSDifferent degrees of blood circulation disturbance and degenerative changes were found in all above internal organs. These changes were more evident in DI than in II and NI groups.

CONCLUSIONDelayed postburn fluid resuscitation could induce multiple organ dysfunction in early postburn stage.

Animals ; Burns ; complications ; therapy ; Digestive System ; pathology ; ultrastructure ; Dogs ; Fluid Therapy ; Kidney ; pathology ; ultrastructure ; Liver ; pathology ; ultrastructure ; Lung ; pathology ; ultrastructure ; Multiple Organ Failure ; etiology ; pathology ; prevention & control ; Myocardium ; pathology ; ultrastructure ; Time Factors

OBJECTIVETo explore the effect of LPS on the expression of CD14 and the activation of Kupffer cells (KCs).

METHODSRat KCs were isolated and cultured with LPS. Immunohistochemistry and RT-PCR methods were employed to determine the changes in the CD14 expression and the concentration of TNFalpha, IL-6 and NO in the supernatant of the cultured KCs with LPS.

RESULTS(1) The expression of CD14mRNA and the synthesis of CD14 protein in the KCs increased evidently when stimulated by various concentrations of LPS, and the CD14mRNA expression was correlated in dose-dependent manner with LPS levels. (2) The expression of CD14mRNA and the synthesis of CD14 protein in KCs induced by LPS (10 micro g/ml) increased significantly and peaked at 3 approximately 6 hours. (3) The expression of CD14mRNA and the synthesis of CD14 protein in freshly cultured KCs were obviously up-regulated by the active mediators produced by KCs after being stimulated by LPS. (4) The release of TNFalpha, IL-6 and NO from cultured KCs was evidently down-regulated by the addition of anti-CD14McAb in the presence of serum or by the addition of LPS in the absence of serum, but up-regulated by the concomitant addition of LPS and LBP.

CONCLUSION(1) The CD14mRNA expression and the protein synthesis in cultured KCs were closely related to LPS and the active mediators produced from the KCs.The increased CD14 expression was possibly caused by LPS, and the further increase of the expression might be closely correlated to the cytokines released from the KCs. (2) The KC activation by low concentration of LPS was CD14 dependent.

Animals ; Cells, Cultured ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Gene Expression Regulation ; drug effects ; Interleukin-6 ; secretion ; Kupffer Cells ; cytology ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Lipopolysaccharide Receptors ; genetics ; metabolism ; Lipopolysaccharides ; pharmacology ; Nitric Oxide ; secretion ; RNA, Messenger ; drug effects ; genetics ; metabolism ; Rats ; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha ; secretion

Objective To investigate the effects of the new drug Nordy on malignant glioma cells induced tubule-like structure formation of endothelial cells in a three dimensional culture system with collagen coating.Methods The endothelial cells were divided into three groups.Group A were cultured on the DMEM media coated with collagen;group B were cultured in 2:1(V/V) DMEM to the supernatant of malignant glioma cell culture;group C,based on the group B,were added with Nordy of different concentrations.The cell cycle and apoptosis of ECV304 cells were determined and the process of tubular formation were observed.Moreover,the parameters such as the forming curves,outer and inner diameter,wall thickness and length of the tubules were measured and compared between groups B and C.Results The cell cycle of endothelial cells were restrained,and some cells were induced to apoptosis.The tubule-like structure formation was inhibited,and the tubules in group B appeared earlier,larger in diameter and longer in length than group C.Conclusion The tubular formation induced by malignant glioma cells could be restrained by the new drug Nordy.

Objective To observe the effects of advanced glycated bovine serum albumin(AGE-BSA) on the tubule like structure(TLS) formation of endothelial cells.Methods There were three groups:AGE-BSA(25,50 and 100 ?g/ml) treated groups,BSA(25,50 and 100 ?g/ml) treated groups as BSA control groups,endothelial complete medium without AGE-BSA or BSA as blank control groups.After incubation of human umbilical vein endothelial cells(HUVECs) for 24,48 and 72 h,TLS formation assay and ELISA were used to detect the length of TLS formation on the surface of collagen Ⅰ and the vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF) autocrine of HUVECs in presence of AGE-BSA.Results In 24 to 72 h,AGE-BSA(25,50,100 ?g/ml) increased the average length of TLS formation on the surface of collagen Ⅰ and the concentration of VEGF autocrine in supernatant of HUVECs(P

Objective To observe the effects and significance of Nordy on the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) in the retinas of diabetic rats. Methods Diabetic rats by streptozotocin were randomly divided into diabetes group (5 rats?2) and Nordy treatment group (5 rats?2). Another 10 normal rats were recruited as normal control group. The Nordy treatment group was injected 0.5% Nordy (27 mg/kg) while diabetes groups and normal control group were injected saline solution into peritoneal cavity once every other day. One month or 3 months later, 5 rats in each group were killed and the expression of VEGF and iNOS in the retinas were detected by immunohisochemistry. The average positive areas were measured and analyzed by computer aided video system. Results The expression of VEGF and iNOS in control group were extremely low. In 1 month, the expression of VEGF and iNOS in diabetic group increased and the average positive areas of VEGF and iNOS were significantly more than that of Nordy treatment group (P

Objective　To study the expressions of oncogenes c-Ha-ras, c-ki-ras, pan-ras and c-myc and point mutation of c-Ha-ras1 during hepatocarcinogenesis in rats. Methods　Immunohistochemistry, in situ hybridization and microdissection of tissue (MDT)-PCR-SSCP were used to detect the oncogene expressions and point mutation of c-Ha-ras1 in both Solt-Farber model and DEN-induced liver cancer model. Results　The overexpression of c-Ha-ras was closely associated with the formation and proliferation of the precancerous basophilic hepatocyte foci, while that of c-myc with the growth of the oval cell foci. The abnormalities of IGF-Ⅱ played an important role in the evolution of precancerous foci/nodules towards hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The overexpression of fms was only associated with HCC of some rats. Conclusion　Hepatocarcinogenesis in rats was related with the overexpression of c-Ha-ras, c-myc, IGF-Ⅱand fms and the point mutation of c-Ha-ras1, and overexpression of these oncogenes was associated with morphological evolution.