Objective:To explore the clinicopathological features and prognosis of renal mucinous tubular spindle cell carcinoma (MTSCC).Methods:The clinical data of 16 patients with MTSCC admitted to the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University from July 2013 to July 2022 were retrospectively analyzed. There were six male cases and ten female cases. The mean age was (56.4±11.4) years old. Among them, 10 cases were asymptomatic, two complained of hematuria, three complained of lumbar pain, and one complained of lower limb pain. Twelve cases underwent preoperative enhanced CT examination, 6 cases of ultrasound examination, 3 cases of MRI examination, and 1 case of bone scan. Imaging manifestations showed that the masses were round or round-like with clear borders. Two cases combined with hemorrhage and three cases combined with calcification. Five cases showed exophytic growth, 10 cases partially exophytic, and 1 case completely endophytic. The maximum diameter of the tumor was (65.7±27.4) mm. The tumors were located in the left kidney in 11 cases and in the right kidney in 5 cases. The tumors were mildly delayed-enhancing under enhanced CT, long/short T1 signal mixed with long/short T2 signal under MRI, and diffusion-limited high signal under DWI. The tumors were hypoechoic masses without obvious blood flow signals under ultrasound. Twelve cases were diagnosed as renal occupying neoplasms, 2 cases were suggested as lack of blood supply renal tumor, and one was considered renal tumor rupture and bleeding. In one case, a bone scan suggested metastasis to the thoracic spine and pelvis. The metastatic renal tumor was diagnosed, and a renal puncture was performed to clarify the pathology. Eleven patients underwent laparoscopic radical nephrectomy, and 4 patients underwent partial nephrectomy. One case was metastasized without surgery and treated with apatinib mesylate and zoledronic acid.Results:The postoperative pathological specimens showed grayish, grayish-yellow, or grayish-red masses with a soft or medium texture. No perinephric, ureteral, or adrenal invasion was seen in all tumors. Microscopically, the tumor cells were round and ovoid. The tumor cells were arranged in tubular and striated shapes, and mucus pools were locally visible. No sarcomatous component was seen in all tumors. There were 9 patients with pT 1N 0M 0, 6 patients with pT 2N 0M 0, and 1 patient with pT 1N 0M 1. After operation, 2 patients with pT 2N 0M 0, who underwent laparoscopic radical nephrectomy were treated with pazopanib and sunitinib, respectively. All patients were followed up for a median of 50.7(25.8, 75.0)months, 15 patients were free of recurrent metastases, and 1 patient with pre-puncture metastasis died due to tumor progression of multiple pulmonary and bone metastases, with a survival of 16.9 months. Conclusions:Renal MTSCC is rare, mostly found on physical examination, with female patients predominantly, and imaging shows a lack of blood supply tumor. Surgery is the primary treatment method. Partial nephrectomy or radical nephrectomy could be chosen according to the tumor stage, kidney function, and patient's underlying condition, and patients have a good prognosis.

OBJECTIVE： To study the chemical constituents in the ethyl acetate extract of Balanophora involucrate， and to provide reference for further enriching chemical constituent of the plant and the development and utilization of B. involucrate. METHODS： The whole plant of B. involucrate was extracted with 75％ ethyl alcohol. The extraction was carried out by petroleum ether， dichloromethane， ethyl acetate and n-butyl alcohol in turn. The chemical compounds from ethyl acetate extract part were isolated and purified by silica gel column， gel column and semi-preparative HPLC. The structures were identified on the basis of spectral spectrum （mass spectrum， hydrogen spectrum and carbon spectrum） data and literature reports. RESULTS： Thirteen compounds were isolated from ethyl acetate extract part of B. involucrate， identified respectively as pyracanthoside （1）， 5，7，3′ ，5′ -tetrahydroxyflavanone （2）， naringenin （3）， homoeriodictyol （4）， hesperetin （5）， sakuranetin （6）， eriodyctiol （7）， aureusidin-6-O-β-D-glucopyranoside （8）， penicillic acid （9）， dihydropenicillic acid （10）， 2-methyl-3-foroic acid （11）， 5-hydroxymaltol （12） and 5， 7-dyhydroxy chromone （13）. Most of them were dihydroflavones. Compounds 2 to 13 are isolated from Balanophora genus for the first time. CONCLUSIONS： The study enriched the chemical constituents of the Balanophora genus and lays foundation for quality evaluation of B. involucrate.

Objective To investigate the chemical constituents and activities of Linum usitatissimum L.aboveground. Meth-ods The chemical constituents were separated through silica gel,ODS,Sephadex LH-20,and semi-preparative RP-HPLC chroma-tography and identified by optical rotation and spectroscopic analysis. All of the isolates were evaluated for their inhibitory activities by the luciferase assay. Results Eight dibenzylbutyrolactone lignans were separated from L. usitatissimum and identified as(-)-hinoki-nin(1),(-)-bursehernin(2),(-)-dimethylmatairesinol(3),(-)-yatein(4),(-)-thujaplicatin trimethyl ether(5),nemerosin (6),(+)-E-7,8-dehydromatairesinol dimethyl ether(7),and E-7,8-dehydrothujaplicatin trimethyl ether(8),respectively. Conclu-sion Compounds 7 and 8 were isolated from L. usitatissimum for the first time,and NMR spectral data of compound 8 were reported for the first time. Compounds 1 and 3 showed moderate inhibitory activities on IL-6/STAT3 signaling pathway with IC50 values of 42.12 and 43.43μmol/L,respectively.

OBJECTIVE:To screen and identify endophytic fungi from Schisandra chinensis with antioxidant activity. METH-ODS:The tissue isolation skill was used to isolate endophytic fungi from roots,leaves,stems and fruits of S. chinensis. And anti-oxidant activity of endophytic fungi were screened by DPPH radical scavenging assay and hydroxyl radical scavenging assay. The to-tal DNA were extracted;the 18S rDNA ITS were amplified and sequenced with primer ITS1 and ITS4;the results of sequencing were analyzed comparatively based on homology to confirm the classification of active strains. RESULTS:23 strains were isolated from S. chinensis. GSR-12,isolated from roots of S. chinensis,had strong antioxidant activities. The scavenging rate on DPPH and the hydroxyl radical were 87.96% and 82.31% respectively. GSR-12 strain was identified as Clonostachys rosea by analyzed com-paratively. CONCLUSIONS:1 strain of C. rosea,isolated from roots of S. chinensis,has strong antioxidant activity.

OBJECTIVE:To provide new identification method for processed medicinal material Chinese polyphaga(Eupolyph-aga sinensis,Steleophaga plancyi) and their adulterants by establishing molecular identification method based on Cytb genes. METHODS:The total DNA of Chinese polyphaga and their adulterants was extracted using modified saturation sodium chloride method. The Cytb genes of all samples were amplified with PCR using general primers REVCB2H and REVCBJ. The phylogenetic tree of all samples was constructed with Neighbor-Joining(NJ)method using MEGA 5.1 software. The sequences of the Cytb gene of all sampled were compared by using DNAMAN sofetware. The difference between genuine product and their adulterants were analyzed,and the specific primers Esin-F and Esin-R were designed for molecular identification in different regions. RESULTS:DNA extracted from processed medicinal insects was successful to amplify Cytb gene segments. The phylogenetic tree of all sam-ples was consistent with their genetic relationship. A fragment was amplified only from genuine product but not from other adulter-ants with the designed specific primers Esin-F and Esin-R. CONCLUSIONS:DNA extraction method from processed Chinese polyphaga and their adulterants have been established. Designed specific primers are highly specific to genuine product Chinese polyphaga,and can be used for the identification of Chinese polyphaga and their adulterants.

OBJECTIVE: To determine the apoptosis-inducing effect of ultraviolet light (UV) on human lens epithelial cell (HLEC) and to explore the involvement of changes in ALDH1 folowing UV radiation. METHODS: HLEC was exposed to the same UV light source and was subsequently divided into 6 groups according to UV radiation time of 0 (control group), 5, 10, 15, and 30 min. Apoptosis was detected by AO/EB staining. Changes of ALDH1 in HLEC were detected by immunohistochemical staining and Western blot. RESULTS: The intensity of immunohistochemical staining and the rate of positive cells decreased with increase of UV time (P<0.05). The rate of positive ALDH1 cells was negatively correlated with the rate of apoptosis (r= -0.92, P<0.05). Western blot showed the integrated absorbance values significantly decreased with the increase of UV time (P<0.05). CONCLUSION ALDH1 in HLEC decreases with an increase of UV exposure, which may be related to UV induced apoptosis of HLEC.
Aldehyde Dehydrogenase 1 ; Apoptosis ; radiation effects ; Cells, Cultured ; Epithelial Cells ; cytology ; metabolism ; radiation effects ; Humans ; Isoenzymes ; genetics ; metabolism ; Lens, Crystalline ; cytology ; Retinal Dehydrogenase ; genetics ; metabolism ; Ultraviolet Rays ; adverse effects

OBJECTIVE: To explore the apoptosis-inducing effect of ultraviolet(UV) radiation on human lens epithelial cells (HLEC), with particular focus on changes in Bcl-2 or Bax expression as possible mechanisms. METHODS: All experimental groups were exposed to the same UV light source. HLEC were divided into 6 groups according to duration of UV radiation : 0 min group (control group), 5 min group, 10 min group,15 min group, and 30 min group. Analysis on apoptosis of HLEC was performed by flow cytometry analysis (FCA, Annexin V + PI staining). Changes of Bax and Bcl-2 expression in HLEC were detected by hybridization in situ. RESULTS: Apoptosis in HLEC increased with UV exposure time. The expression level of Bax mRNA was increased with the increase of UV exposure time, whereas the expression level of Bcl-2 mRNA decreased with the increase of UV exposure time. The proportion of apoptotic cells was negatively correlated with ratio of Bcl-2/Bax (r=-0.874, P<0.05). CONCLUSION UA radiation can induce apoptosis of HLEC in vitro. Bcl-2 and Bax genes may play an important role in regulating this apoptotic process.
Apoptosis ; radiation effects ; Cells, Cultured ; Epithelial Cells ; cytology ; metabolism ; radiation effects ; Humans ; Lens, Crystalline ; cytology ; radiation effects ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 ; genetics ; metabolism ; RNA, Messenger ; genetics ; metabolism ; Time Factors ; Ultraviolet Rays ; adverse effects ; bcl-2-Associated X Protein ; genetics ; metabolism

Objective To explore the effect of resveratrol on the expression of matrix metalloproteinases-9 (MMP-9) in soluble CD40 ligand (sCD40L)-activated macrophages. Methods Human monocytic cell line THP-1 cells under an inducing of phorbol ester differentiated into macrophages. Then the macrophages were sitimulated by sCD40L independently and after a preincubation with resveratrol. The mRNA expression of MMP-9 and tissue-inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 (TIMP-1) in macrophages were investigated by semiquantitative RT-PCR. The secretions of MMP-9 and TIMP-1 protein were measured by Western blot. The MMP-9 activity was analyzed by gelatin zymography technique. Results The expressions of MMP-9 gene(1.53±0.04 vs. 0.75±0.01,P＜0.05) and protein(244 930.8±31 268.6 vs. 192 976.8±20 223.1,P＜0.05)were higher in macrophages when stimulated by sCD40L. Resveratrol (10 μmol/L and 50 μmol/L)can inhibit the CD40L-induced gene expression and the protein secretion of MMP-9 (P＜0.01). The activity of MMP-9 was degraded by resveratrol (P＜0.05). Meanwhile resveratrol could increase the gene expression and protein secretion of TIMP-1 (P＜0.05). Conclusions Resveratrol can inhibit the CD40L-activated macrophage expression of MMP-9. It may be one of its mechanisms on antiatherosclerosis and stabilization of atheromatous plaques.

Objective To evaluate the necessity and safety of implanting temporary vena eava fihers to prevent pulmonary emboli in patients of lower extremity fractures concomitant with acute deep venous thrombosis(DVT). Methods A total of 782 patients with lower extremity fractures were complicated with DVT perioperatively. Among them, 91 received temporary vena cava filters implantation before orthopedic operations for the prevention of pulmonary embolism. All patients were followed up post-operation. Results Vena cava filters were successfully implanted in 89 patients. Mean implantation time was 27 days (range from 14 to 42 days). Thrombus trapped within the filters were found in 78 patients (87.6%) after the filters removal. Eight-two filters (92.1%) were retrived successfully at the first attempt as scheduled. Seven filters(7.9%) with big trapped thrombi were removed at the 2nd attempt after additional thrombolytic therapy. No patients needed a permanent filter. No fetal pulmonary embolism (PE) or other major complications were detected during the three to six months follow-ups period. Conclusion Temporary vena cava filter can reduce the incidence and mortality of pulmonary embolism as well as the occurrence of mid- or long-term complications in lower limb fracture patients complicated with DVT.

ObjectiveTo investigate the effect of resveratrol on the expressions of E-selectin and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) in activated endothelial cells.Methods After being pretreated with resveratrol followed by tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) stimulation, human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) were randomly divided into three groups: TNF group,resveratrol+TNF-α group and control group. The expression of E-selectin molecule on the surface of HUVEC was detected by flow cytometric analysis and the mRNA expressions of E-selectin and MCP -1 were determined by semiquantitative RT-PCR. ResultsTNF-α induced the expression of E-selectin and MCP-I of HUVEC.Resveratrol (10 μmol/L) inhibited E-selectin expression.The positive cells of E-selectin in TNF group, resveratrol + TNF-α group and control group were(47.84±3.2)%, (15.3±1.7)% and (3.74±1.6)%, respectively, and the differences among the three groups were statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusions Resveratrol may contribute to the anti-atherosclerotic effect by inhibiting the expression of E-seleetin and MCP-1 of HUVEC.