Objective: To explore the current status and influencing factors of eating behaviors in adolescents, so as to provide a theoretical foundation for health promotion education among adolescents. Methods: Based on the database from Survey of Chinese Family Health Index (2021), by a random number table method, 1 065 teenagers were selected from the provincial capitals of 22 provinces and 5 autonomous regions in China, as well as 4 municipalities directly under the central government. A general characteristic questionnaire, Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), Short Form of the Family Health Scale (FHS-SF), 10-item Short Version of the Big Five Personality(BFP-10), Content-based Media Exposure Scale (CM-E) and Sakata Eating Behavior Scale Short Form(EBS-SF) were used to collect information. Multivariate stepwise linear regression analysis was employed to identify and analyze related factors of eating behaviors among adolescents. Receiver operating characteristic was used to validate the predictive ability of the EBS-SF score for overweight and obesity among adolescents. Results: The average scores of BFI-10,C-ME, FHS-SF, PHQ-9 and EBS-SF were (33.08±4.64)(19.20±4.55)(38.48±6.65)(6.09±5.63)(16.75±4.36), respectively. Multivariate linear regression showed that family type (other types), agreeableness, conscientiousness, family health and depression were the main related factors of EBS-SF scores among adolescents( B =2.61,-0.42,0.20,-0.11,0.23, P <0.05).The analysis of receiver operating characteristic curve showed that the EBS-SF scores had a good ability in predicting obesity among male adolescents ( AUC= 0.73, P <0.01). Conclusions Family type, big five personality, family health,depression are the related factors of eating behaviors among adolescents. EBS-SF scores are predictive of obesity in adolescents, which would provide a new perspective for promoting healthy eating habits among adolescents.

Objective: To explore the network structure of eating behaviors with anxiety, depression and perceived stress in adolescents, so as to provide a basis for effective prevention and intervention of eating behavior problems and negative emotions in adolescents. Methods: Based on the Psychology and Behavior Investigation of Chinese Residents (2021) database, the study was conducted among 3 087 adolescents. Sakata Eating Behavior Scale Short From(EBS-SF) was used to investigate their eating behaviors. The Patient Health Questionnaire-9(PHQ-9), Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale-7 Item(GAD-7), and Perceived Stress Questionnaire-3 Item (PSQ-3) were used to evaluate their depression, anxiety and perceived stress. Network analysis method was applied to construct a network of eating behaviors and negative emotional symptoms among adolescents, so as to evaluate the centrality, bridge strength, stability and accuracy of each item. Results: The total scores of eating behaviors, depression,anxiety and stress perception in adolescents were 17.41±4.53,6.95±6.08,4.86±5.03,9.34±3.80,respectively. The symptom with the highest intensity and expected impact was "I am only satisfied when I buy more food than I need", with a node intensity and expected impact value of 4.37. The nodes Depression and Anxiety were the most closely connected(weight=0.87). There were no statistically significant differences in the network structure( M =0.13,0.11) and network connection strength(female and male:4.16,4.06, s =0.10;urban and rural areas:4.08,4.07, s =0.01) between different sexes and residents ( P >0.05). Conclusion The negative impact of comorbidities such as anxiety, depression, perceived stress and eating behaviors among adolescents can be reduced through targeted prevention and intervention of core symptoms and bridging symptoms.

【Objective】 To analyze the genetic variation characteristics and clinical phenotypes of a family with primary microcephaly (MCPH) caused by RTTN gene variation, and to provide reference for genetic counseling and prenatal diagnosis. 【Methods】 Clinical data of the three patients (including 2 fetuses and 2-year-old proband,and one fetus with clinical diagnosis) and their parents were collected and analyzed. Two of the children and their parents were tested by trio whole exome sequencing (trio-WES), sanger sequencing validation sites, and the hazard of their compound heterozygous variants was predicted. Literature review was conducted through domestic and international databases to collect reported RTTN gene mutation cases. 【Results】 Three patients in this family had anomalies of the septum pellucidum, hypoplasia of the corpus callosum and other brain malformations during fetal period. The proband (G2) and fetus (G3) showed intrauterine growth retardation and MCPH in late pregnancy; besides, G2 was born with global developmental delay. Trio-WES detected a c.2101(exon16)C>T(p.Arg701Ter,1526) nonsense and a c.2863(exon22)G>A(p.Glu955Lys)missense in the RTTN gene of G2 and G3, which were inherited from their father and mother, forming a compound heterozygous variant. According to the American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics (ACMG) variant classification guidelines, two variants were likely to be pathogenic (LP) and uncertain significance (VUS). Among them, c.2863(exon22)G>A was a newly discovered missense, which was predicted by the software to be harmful to the gene product. 【Conclusions】 Complex heterozygous variations of RTTN gene (c.2101C>T and c.2863G>A) are the genetic cause of MCPH in this family. This report has enriched the variation spectrum of RTTN gene, provided guidance for prenatal diagnosis and reproduction of this family, as well as material and reference for further understanding of the diseases caused by this gene mutation.

[Objective]To investigate the protective effect of Zhuangtongyin on the Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion(MCAO)model by modulating ferroptosis through the Nrf2-SCL7A11/xCT-Gpx4 pathway and its underlying mechanism.[Methods]C57BL/6J mice were randomly divided into Sham operation group(Sham),model group(MCAO),low-dose Zhuangtongyin group(ZTY-L),high-dose Zhuangtongyin group(ZTY-H),with 5 mice in each group.The MCAO group was modelled by silica gel embolization,the middle cerebral artery of mice was embolized for 1h,then the silica gel was pulled out and reperfusion was performed after 72 h;and the other operations in the Sham group were the same as those in the MCAO group except that the thread plug was not inserted.The neural function of mice was evaluated by Zea-Longa method.TTC staining was used to evaluate the volume of cerebral infarction.The level of brain injury was evaluated by HE staining and Nissl staining.Prussian blue staining and the expression of iron transport-related carrier receptors TfR1 and DMT1 on mRNA level was detected by qPCR to evaluate the iron ion deposition level in mice brain.The expression of lipid peroxidation-related gene ACSL4 on mRNA level was detected by qPCR,and the content of 4-HNE was detected by ELISA kit to evaluate the lipid peroxidation level of mice brain.The expressions of ferroptosis marker PTGS2 mRNA level was detected by qPCR.The expressions of Nrf2,SCL7A11/xCT,Gpx4 in mice brain tissue were detected by Western-blot and immunofluorescence.[Results]Zhuangtongyin improved the nerve function of mice after MCAO(P＜0.05)and the cerebral infarction volume of mice(P＜0.05)and alleviate the pathological injury of cerebral cortex cells after MCAO operation.Zhuangtongyin attenuated the accumulation of trivalent iron ions in the brain tissue of mice following MCAO.Additionally,Zhuangtongyin downregulated the expression of TfR1 and DMT1 mRNA(P＜0.001),a transporter associated with cellular iron ion uptake,in the brains of post-MCAO mice.Furthermore,Zhuangtongyin reduced levels of lipid peroxidation product 4-HNE(P＜0.001)and suppressed ACSL4 mRNA expression in brain tissue post-MCAO(P＜0.001).Besides,Zhuangtongyin downregulated the expression of PTGS2 mRNA(P＜0.001),in the brains of post-MCAO mice.Zhuangtongyin increased the expression of nrf2 into the nucleus(P＜0.001),and increased the expression of xCT and Gpx4 in neurons after MCAO(P＜0.001).[Conclusion]Zhuangtongyin can enhance the nerve function and reduce cerebral infarction volume in MCAO/R mice,alleviate the pathological damage of cerebral cortex cells,and modulate the expression of key signaling molecules in the Nrf2-SCL7A11/xCT-Gpx4 pathway.Therefore,it is suggested that the mechanism by which Zhuangtongyin improves MCAO/R injury in mice may involve regulating ferroptosis through the Nrf2-SCL7A11/xCT-GPX4 pathway.

In order to promote the high-quality development of higher education in China, this article starts from the new requirements for public health education in the construction of "New Medical Sciences" under the Healthy China Strategy, points out the bottleneck problem of "island-style" public health education, and elaborates on the historical necessity and far-reaching significance of developing integrated and innovative education for public health from the three aspects of setting up new concepts, constructing new structures, and establishing a new collaborative education system. From the logic and practice approach, this article proposes a series of specific strategies such as building a whole-chain public health education system, constructing an integrated and collaborative medicine-teaching-research education mechanism, establishing multi-channel and diversified course resources for public health, and developing a new form of digital public health education, in order to comprehensively promote the reform and innovation of public health education in terms of "the integration of medicine and prevention" and "interdisciplinary integration" and provide ideas and reference for cultivating interdisciplinary and innovative medical talents under the Healthy China Strategy.

Objective To predict the potential geographic distribution of Oncomelania hupensis in Yunnan Province using random forest (RF) and maximum entropy (MaxEnt) models, so as to provide insights into O. hupensis surveillance and control in Yunnan Province. Methods The O. hupensis snail survey data in Yunnan Province from 2015 to 2016 were collected and converted into O. hupensis snail distribution site data. Data of 22 environmental variables in Yunnan Province were collected, including twelve climate variables (annual potential evapotranspiration, annual mean ground surface temperature, annual precipitation, annual mean air pressure, annual mean relative humidity, annual sunshine duration, annual mean air temperature, annual mean wind speed, ≥ 0 ℃ annual accumulated temperature, ≥ 10 ℃ annual accumulated temperature, aridity and index of moisture), eight geographical variables (normalized difference vegetation index, landform type, land use type, altitude, soil type, soil textureclay content, soil texture-sand content and soil texture-silt content) and two population and economic variables (gross domestic product and population). Variables were screened with Pearson correlation test and variance inflation factor (VIF) test. The RF and MaxEnt models and the ensemble model were created using the biomod2 package of the software R 4.2.1, and the potential distribution of O. hupensis snails after 2016 was predicted in Yunnan Province. The predictive effects of models were evaluated through cross-validation and independent tests, and the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC), true skill statistics (TSS) and Kappa statistics were used for model evaluation. In addition, the importance of environmental variables was analyzed, the contribution of environmental variables output by the models with AUC values of > 0.950 and TSS values of > 0.850 were selected for normalization processing, and the importance percentage of environmental variables was obtained to analyze the importance of environmental variables. Results Data of 148 O. hupensis snail distribution sites and 15 environmental variables were included in training sets of RF and MaxEnt models, and both RF and MaxEnt models had high predictive performance, with both mean AUC values of > 0.900 and all mean TSS values and Kappa values of > 0.800, and significant differences in the AUC (t = 19.862, P < 0.05), TSS (t = 10.140, P < 0.05) and Kappa values (t = 10.237, P < 0.05) between two models. The AUC, TSS and Kappa values of the ensemble model were 0.996, 0.954 and 0.920, respectively. Independent data verification showed that the AUC, TSS and Kappa values of the RF model and the ensemble model were all 1, which still showed high performance in unknown data modeling, and the MaxEnt model showed poor performance, with TSS and Kappa values of 0 for 24%(24/100) of the modeling results. The modeling results of 79 RF models, 38 MaxEnt models and their ensemble models with AUC values of > 0.950 and TSS values of > 0.850 were included in the evaluation of importance of environmental variables. The importance of annual sunshine duration (SSD) was 32.989%, 37.847% and 46.315% in the RF model, the MaxEnt model and their ensemble model, while the importance of annual mean relative humidity (RHU) was 30.947%, 15.921% and 28.121%, respectively. Important environment variables were concentrated in modeling results of the RF model, dispersed in modeling results of the MaxEnt model, and most concentrated in modeling results of the ensemble model. The potential distribution of O. hupensis snails after 2016 was predicted to be relatively concentrated in Yunnan Province by the RF model and relatively large by the MaxEnt model, and the distribution of O. hupensis snails predicted by the ensemble model was mostly the joint distribution of O. hupensis snails predicted by RF and MaxEnt models. Conclusions Both RF and MaxEnt models are effective to predict the potential distribution of O. hupensis snails in Yunnan Province, which facilitates targeted O. hupensis snail control.

Objective To assess transcriptomic differences between carbon tetrachloride(CCl4)-induced and diethyl 1,4-dihydro-2,4,6-trimethyl-3,5-pyridinedicarboxylate(DDC)diet-induced mouse models of liver fibrosis to provide a framework for future research using mouse liver fibrosis models.Methods Mouse models of liver fibrosis were induced by a 10％ CCl4(2 mL/kg)injection or a 0.1％DDC diet.After 4 weeks of induction,serum levels of ALT,AST,and TBil were measured.HE and Sirius red staining were used to observe hepatic inflammation and collagen deposition.Jamall's method was used to evaluate hydroxyproline(Hyp)content in liver tissues.Hepatic tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α),interleukin(IL)-6,and IL-1β were measured by ELISA.Total RNA was extracted from murine liver tissues for RNA-sequencing(RNA-seq).Differentially expressed genes of the two models were analyzed by R software and then GO and KEGG enrichment was performed.Then,genes with significant differences were verified.Results Compared with normal mice,serum levels of ALT,AST,and TBil and hepatic expression of TNF-α,IL-6,and IL-1β were significantly increased in mice that received CCl4 and DDC,while the Alb serum level was decreased.Pathological staining showed that the structures of liver tissues were destroyed and a large number of hepatocytes around the central vein were hyalinized and necrotic in CCl4-treated mice.In DDC diet-treated mice,a large amount of porphyrins had been deposited in the liver and a large number of inflammatory cells had infiltrated into the portal area and bile duct.Different degrees of collagen deposition were observed in the liver tissues of the two model mice.Different genes(DEGs)of CCl4-and DDC diet-treated mice were screened using a filter(|logFC|＞2-fold and P＜0.05).As a result,1820 and 2373 DEGs in CCl4-and DDC diet-treated mice were analyzed,including 1302 and 1978 upregulated genes,and 518 and 395 downregulated genes,respectively.GO annotation showed that the two models had important functions in molecular function,biological process,and cell component.KEGG analysis showed that 22 and 29 signaling pathways were activated in CCl4-and DDC diet-induced models,respectively.Among them,16 signaling pathways,such as extracellular matrix receptor interaction,cell cycle,protein digestion and absorption,focal adhesion,and PI3K-Akt,were significantly enriched in the two models(P＜0.05).Cluster analysis showed that Mup11,Mup15,Mup17,and Mup1 were significantly down-regulated in both models,which were identified by RT-qPCR(P＜0.05).Conclusions This study conducted a comparative analysis of the RNA-Seq transcriptomic features of liver fibrosis models induced by exposure to CCl4 and a DDC diet.It examined the gene expression patterns and the pathways influenced by gene expression.The findings serve as a valuable resource for selecting appropriate animal models for future research on the pathogenesis and treatment of liver fibrosis.

Objective:To explore the effect of manual prompts in the first detection of lung function and fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) in patients with airway inflammation of unknown origin.Methods:From May 2018 to December 2020, convenience sampling was used to select 810 patients with airway inflammation of unknown origin in the Department of Respiratory of the China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University as the subject. Subjects were divided into a observation group ( n=406) and a control group ( n=404) . This study compared the quality control parameters of lung function detection [forced expiratory time (PET) , backward extrapolated volume (VBE) , time from forced expiratory to peak flow rate (FET-PET) , percentage of backward extrapolated volume to forced vital capacity (VBE/FVC%) ] , reproducibility parameters [variation between optimal and suboptimal forced vital capacity (ΔFVC) , variation between optimal and suboptimal first second forced expiratory volume (ΔFEV 1) ] , and detection efficiency indicators (detection time for lung function and FeNO, one-time success rate of FeNO detection) between two groups. Results:The VBE/FVC%, ΔFVC, and ΔFEV 1 in the observation group were lower than those in the control group, and the differences were statistically significant ( P<0.05) . The lung function and FeNO detection time of the observation group were shorter than those of the control group, and the one-time success rate of FeNO detection was higher than that of the control group, with statistical differences ( P<0.05) . Conclusions:In lung function and FeNO detection for the first time among patients with airway inflammation of unknown origin, manual prompts can improve the quality control and reproducibility of the detection, shorten the detection time, and increase the one-time success rate of FeNO detection.

Atherosclerosis(AS) is an important pathological feature of cardiovascular diseases such as myocardial infarction,stroke and other highly fatal diseases. Phlegm and dampness are considered to be an important pathogenesis of AS,which is difficult to heal and can cause complications. The establishment of an animal model with AS and phlegm-dampness syndrome,which could reflect the features of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM),and objective evaluation system are an important element of modern integrated TCM and western medicine research on cardiovascular diseases. It is of great significance for TCM to prevent and treat cardiovascular diseases. This article summarizes the scientific connotations of traditional Chinese and western medicine for AS and phlegm-dampness syndrome,comprehensively summarizes the current status of construction and evaluation in experimental animal model,analyzes the problems of current model,and discusses the factors of model construction and evaluation. Our aim is to establish normalized and standardized animal model with AS of phlegm-dampness syndrome.

Objective To establish an animal model of dampness-syndrome in mice (single model) and evaluate its characteristics of dampness-syndrome. The above-mentioned mice with dampness syndrome were used to construct mice model of ischemic stroke (double model) and observe the effect of dampness-pathogenic on the outcome of stroke. Methods Healthy C57BL/6J male mice were randomly divided into dampness-syndrome (including sham-surgery group and ischemic stroke group,with 10 mice in each group) and non dampness-syndrome groups (including sham-surgery group and ischemic stroke group,with 10 mice in each group). The dampness-syndrome group was fed with high-fat diet and the non dampness-syndrome group was fed with normal diet for 12 weeks. After the mice model of dampness-syndrome was successfully established,transient middle cerebral artery occlusion/reperfusion (tMCAO/R) surgery was used to replicate an ischemic stroke mice model. Evaluation indicators for dampness-syndrome mice model:the general status including body weight,morphology,posture,activity status,and physical characteristics,the histopathological observation of the aorta (oil red O staining,Masson-trichrome staining) and liver (HE staining,oil red O staining),electron microscopic observation of the tongue tissue (scanning electron microscopy,electron microscopy),blood lipid levels[total cholesterol(TC),triglycerides(TG)]and liver coefficient. Evaluation indicators for ischemic stroke mice model:neurological function score and the cerebral infarction volume ratio. Results Compared with the non dampness-syndrome group,the mice in the dampness-syndrome group showed an increased in body weight,poor hair color,sparse hair,fatigue and laziness,mental atrophy,anorexia and lethargy. It was observed that the aortic lumen was narrowed,the intima was significantly thickened,lipid plaque deposition was increased,and foam cells were visible. A large amount of red lipid droplets appeared in liver cells. There were obvious lipid infiltration and diffuse steatosis. Increased keratosis of the mucosal layer of tongue tissue,the thicker stratum corneum,lipofuscin,and bacteria on the tongue surface were found. Serum TG and TC levels significantly increased(P<0.01),and the liver coefficient significantly decreased (P<0.001). Compared with non dampness-syndrome group (sham-surgery group),neurological function score and the cerebral infarction volume ratio in dampness-syndrome ischemic stroke group obviously increased (P<0.001). Conclusion High-fat feeding for 12 weeks combined with tMCAO/R modeling can successfully establish a mice model with dampness-syndrome ischemic stroke,and the neurological function score and cerebral infarction volume in the dampness-syndrome ischemic stroke group was more severe than that in the non dampness-syndrome ischemic stroke group.